TOXIC

By :
Third groups

Ariyo Dwisaputra
M. Dzikrieansyah I

Riska
Sarah Swasti Putri

Siti Nurjanah

Symbol of Toxic
Toxic
Very poisonous chemicals are labelled with the 'toxic'
symbol. Anyone who uses a toxic chemical needs to take
great care. They should wear gloves and eye protection,
and they may wear a mask over their mouth and nose, or
handle the chemical in a fume cupboard.

1. Physical properties of chemicals

Form more dangerous when in the form
of
liquid or gas is inhaled and shape of the
particles
when inhaled, the smaller the particles
the
more deposited in the lungs
2. Materials or fumes that may cause
irritation or sensitization, injuries and
pain

3. There are no clear boundaries between

hazardous chemicals and dangerous
4. Hazardous chemicals when handled properly will
be safe to use
5. The chemicals are not dangerous if handled
carelessly would be extremely dangerous
6. Paracelsus (1493-1541) "all the ingredients are
toxic, no any ingredients that are not toxic, just
the right dose differentiates a poison or drug is
becoming"

Example of toxic materials

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Metal dan metaloid

Solvent
Toxic gas
Cartiogenic substance
Pesticide

Continuation
Example of toxic materials
No
.

Kind of toxic materials

example

effect

Metal dan metaloid

Pb (TEL, PbCO3)
Hg (Hg, inorganic and organic compounds)
cadmium
Crom
arsenic

Nerves, kidneys and blood

Nerves, kidneys and blood
Liver, kidney, and blood
cancer
Irritation, cancer
Metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins

2.

Solvent

Aliphatic hydrocarbons (benzene, m. Land)

halogenated hydrocarbons
(Chloroform)
alkhohol
(Ethanol, methanol), glycol

Dizziness
Liver and kidney
Leukemia, gastrointestinal and central nervous
Kidney, liver, tumor

3.

Toxic gas

Simple Aspiksian (N2, Ar, He)

Another Aspiksian:
- cyanide acid (HCN)
- sulfide acid (H 2 S)
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Nitrogen oxide (NO) X

Shortness of breath, decreased oxygen

Dizziness, shortness of breath
Shortness of breath, convulsions, loss of
consciousness
Shortness of breath, loss of consciousness, brain,
heart
Irritation, death, shortness of breath

4.

Cartiogenic substance

benzene
asbestos
benzidine
Crom
naphthyl amine
vinyl chloride

leukemia
Lungs - pulmonary
bladder
Lungs - pulmonary
Heart, lungs - lungs, dizziness,
central nervous

5.

Pesticide

Organochlorine and organophosphate

Dizziness, seizures, loss of consciousness, death

1.

Continuation
Classification Of Toxic Chemicals Based on
Strength
Level of toxic chemicals
Super toxic
Extremely toxic
Highly toxic
Medium toxic
slightly toxic
Non-toxic

LD50(mg/kg)
<5
5 50
50 500
500 5000
5000 15000
> 15000

Example
Nicotine
lead arsenate
hydroquinone
isopropanol
acetic acid
Propilene glycol

Where should toxic materials be stored?

Cool and well-ventilated space

Kept separate from materials that may react

Continuation
Where should toxic materials be stored?
provide personal protective
equipment, work clothing,
masks and gloves

The storage area should be

fire-resistant and
constructed from noncombustible materials.

Continuation
Where should toxic materials be stored?
Ensure that emergency
eyewash/shower stations are
readily available nearby and are
tested regularly.

Ensure that suitable fire

extinguishers and spill cleanup equipment are available.

Lab Safety
1. Conduct yourself in a responsible manner
at all times in the laboratory.
2. Follow all written and verbal instructions carefully.
3. When first entering a science room, do not touch any
equipment, chemicals, or other materials in the laboratory
area until you are instructed to do so.
4. Perform only those experiments authorized by your teacher
5. Do not eat food, drink beverages, or chew gum in the
laboratory.

Continuation Lab Safety

6. Any time chemicals, heat, or glassware are
used, students will wear safety goggles.
7. Dress properly during a laboratory activity.
8. A lab coat or smock should be worn during
laboratory experiments.

Continuation Lab Safety

9. Report any accident (spill, breakage, etc.) or
injury (cut, burn, etc.)

10. If a chemical should

splash in your eye(s) or on your skin,
immediately flush with running water for at
least 20 minutes.

Continuation Lab Safety

11. Check the label on all chemical bottles twice
before removing any of the contents.
12. Never remove chemicals or other materials
from the laboratory area.

How Do I Handle Toxic Materials

Safely ???
Safe handling and work procedures
are crucial for workplaces where
individuals use toxic materials.
they should always talk with the
profesional person.

IN GENERAL, WHEN HANDLING TOXIC

MATERIALS
Use only the smallest amount necessary to do the
job
Prevent the release of toxic vapours, dusts, mists
or gases into the workplace air
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment
Be aware of the typical symptoms of poisoning
and first aid procedures
Ensure containers are clearly labeled
Inspect containers for leaks or damage before
handling

What Should I Do in an
Emergency???
Report leaks, spills or ventilation failures
immediately
Obtain first aid if you have been exposed to the
toxic material
Alert other people in the area to the emergency
Report the problem to the people responsible
Only specially trained people

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be
used to reduce or prevent a worker's exposure
to health and safety hazards on a farming
operation. There are many different types of
PPE including respirators, safety boots, goggles,
ear plugs/muffs, hard hats, gloves, chaps and
fall arrest devices.

Types of Personal Protective

Equipment
Hearing Protection

Respiratory Protection

Continuation
Types of Personal Protective Equipment

3. Eye Protection

4. Foot Protection

Continuation
Types of Personal Protective Equipment

5. Hand Protection

6. Head Protection

Continuation
Types of Personal Protective Equipment

7. Body Protection

8. Fall Protection