CHAPTER IX

PLURAL NOUNS
(KATA BENDA JAMAK)

LISA VIRGIYANTI

PLURAL NOUNS (KATA BENDA JAMAK)..

Akhiran -s : Kata jamak umumnya dibuat dengan

menambahkan -s di belakang kata benda yang
bersangkutan. Misalnya:
Cat - cats, tree - trees, building - buildings.

The plural form of most nouns is created simply by

adding the letter s.
more than one snake = snakes
more than one ski = skis

Ada beberapa pengecualian utk kaidah ini, berikut bbrp

contoh yg paling umum, yaitu :

Akhiran -es : Kata benda yang diakhiri dengan huruf

-o, -s, -x, -z, -ch, dan -sh biasanya ditambahkan -es
di belakang kata. Misalnya:
tomatoes, dresses, foxes, quizzes, watches, stashes

Words that end in -ch, x, s or s-like sounds, however, will

require an -es for the plural:
more than one witch = witches
- more than one box = boxes
more than one gas = gases
- more than one bus = buses
more than one kiss = kisses

Akhiran -ies : Pada kata benda yang diakhiri

dengan huruf konsonan -y, biasanya diganti
dengan -ies. Misalnya:
Country - countries, party - parties.

With words that end in a consonant and a y,

you'll need to change the y to an i and add es.
more than one baby = babies
more than one gallery = galleries
more than one reality = realities

Akhiran -ves : Pada kata benda yang diakhiri

dengan huruf -f, biasanya digantikan dengan -ves.
Misalnya:
wife - wives, knife, knives, elf - elves.

Plurals of words that end in -f or -fe usually change

the f sound to a v sound and add s or -es.

more than one knife = knives

more than one leaf = leaves
more than one life = lives
more than one self = selves
more than one elf = elves

There are several nouns that have irregular plural

forms. Plurals formed in this way are sometimes
called mutated (or mutating) plurals.

more than one child = children

more than one woman = women
more than one man = men
more than one person = people
more than one goose = geese
more than one mouse = mice
more than one barracks = barracks
more than one deer = deer

CONT...

Contoh penggunaan dalam percakapan

1) Whats on your shopping list?
4 tomatoes, some carrots, 2 kilos of potatoes, 6
oranges, some cherries, 2 bottles of grape
juice, a box of strawberries, 6 bottles of water,
and some chicken. What about you?
5 pizzas and some soda.
Lets go to the supermarket together. You need
help!

CONT...
Grammar Exercises
Write the plural form of these nouns.
Example: tree trees
1. bird
2. girl
3. house
4. tomato
5. fox

.
.
.
.

6. dress .
7. child .
8. woman .
9. country .
10. building.

CHAPTER X

DEMONSTRATIVE
KATA PENUNJUK :
(THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE)
LISA VIRGIYANTI

DEMONSTRATIVES (KT. PENUNJUK

THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE)...

This/that/these/those menunjukkan jarak relatif

antara orang sedang berbicara dan sebuah kata
benda.
- This menunjuk pada sesuatu yang terletak di
dekat orang yang sedang bicara,
- That menunjuk pada sesuatu yang jauh dari
orang yang sedang bicara.
- These adalah bentuk jamak dari this, dan
- Those adalah bentuk jamak dari that..

CONT...

Perhatikan gambar berikut:

CONT...
Grammar Exercises
Complete the sentences using this, that, these or those.
Example: I like this picture. (this, these)
1. is a red box.
2. is a blue box.
3. are boxes.
4. are boxes
5. ..is a red box and .is a blue box.

KOSA KATA BARU

love = cinta
cheese = keju
sandwich = lapis
apple = apel
milk = susu
lunch = makan siang
house = rumah
Soccer = sepakbola
basketball = bola basket
math = matematika
bedroom = kamar tidur
door = pintu
window = jendela
please = silakan
Shopping = belanja
list = daftar
tomatoes = tomat
carrots = wortel
kilo = kilo

in = di
London = London
living room = ruang
tamu
bedroom = kamar tidur
morning = pagi
afternoon = sore
store = store
open = buka
live = tinggal/hidup
Chicago = Chicago
vet = dokter hewan
help = membantu
animal = hewan
potatoes = kentang
oranges = jeruk
cherries = buah cherry
bottle = botol
grape = anggur

Supermarket =
supermarket
need = butuh
new clothes = pakaian
baru
trousers = celana
panjang
shirt = baju kaos
shoes = sepatu
couple = pasangan
scarf = selendang
scarves = selendang
(jamak)
winter = musim dingin
dress = pakaian
this = ini
good idea = ide yang
bagus
tonight = malam ini
potato chips = kerupuk
kentang

Grammar Exercises (Chapter 9)

Write the plural form of the nouns in brackets.
1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

The is full. (glass / glasses)

The .is short . (pencil / pencils)
He is a . (child /children)
The ..is in the park (men / man)
His .are yellow (tooth / teeth)
The .are in the shop (women /woman)
The ..is in the hole (mouse / mice)
I have an . (apple / apples)
We are a .. (fireman /firemen)
I see two (box / boxes)

Grammar Exercises (Chapter IV)

Complete the sentences using this, that, these or those.
Example: I like this picture. (this, these)

1. . shirt looks great. (That, Those)

2. Look at . man over there. (this, that)
3. is a beautiful day today. (That, This)
4. Do you like .. flowers? (that, those)
5. What are the answers to . questions? (this, these)
6. I love . shoes but I don't like shirt. (these, that),
(those, that)
7. Let's watch a movie. . a good idea. (This is, That's)
8. Whose house is ..? (those, that)
9. This book isn't very good , but . book's great. (that, this)