UPSR SCIENCE

BERSAMA
CIKGU MOHAMAD NOR IQMAL

simple

accurate

In order

complete

Fixed to the needs of

the question

Fixed the marking

* Conquer scientific skills and thinking skills

* Understand and full-use the science term
* Understand concept/theory and science fact.

* Maths skills
- emphasize on the units
* Intepret information effectually

Criterion;

The use of our senses to identify and describe

an objects properties

Focus;
compare before and after
difference and similarity
*

on the main idea (responding variable /

what to measure

Pond A

Pond B

An investigation on the fish pond in Pak Abus pond was

carried out by an agriculture officer. The picture shows the
result written by the officer.
Based on the officer result write one observation.

The size of fish in pond B is bigger than that in pond A.

________________________________________________

Water
temperature (C)
100
80
60
40
20
0
2

6
8
Time (minute)

10

12

The graph above shows the result of an investigation on

the temperature of water when heated.

State the temperature of water at 10 until 12 minutes.

The temperature remains at 100oC / The temperature does not change.

________________________________________________________________

An investigation conducted by a naturalist on the number

of hippotatamus that live in the forest X and Y for 5 years
was recorded in the table below.
Numbers of hippotatamus
Year

Forest X

Forest Y

1980

11

98

1981

23

78

1982

34

65

1983

47

51

1984

89

30

What can be stated about the difference between the number of

hippotatamus in forest X and Y
The
number of hippotatamus in forest X increase while
________________________________________________________________
hippotatamus
in forest Y decrease.
________________________________________________________________

Criterion;
Items or objects that used in an experiment which can be manipulate
and influence(change) the result of the experiment.

Notes:
Manipulated variable (what to change [ TC ] ):
- items / objects which we change during the experiment
Responding variable (what to measure [ TM ] ):
-Items / object which change after the experiment.
- Its usually the result of the experiment.
Constant variable (kept the same [ KS ] ) :
-Items/objects which doesnt change before or after the experiment
Manipulated variable is changed to observe its relationship with the responding
Variable. At the same time, the fixed variables are kept constant.

Can be determine through;

Observation ( TM )
a. Inference
cause ( TC )

More leaf

Enough
fertilizer
cause

Observation

( TC )

( TM )
Less leaf

Number of leaf

Not enough
fertilizer

Quantity of
fertilizer

Many nails

Strong magnet
cause

Observation ( TM )

( TC )
Less nails

Numbers of
nail

Weak magnet

Strength of magnet

rubber band

12 cm

14 cm
16 cm

block

long rubber
band

heavy block
cause

Observation ( TM )

( TC )
short rubber
band

light block

length of
rubber band

Weight of block

Pond A

big fish

Pond B

enough food

cause

Observation ( TM )

small fish

Not enough food

size of fish

Quantity of food

( TC )

b. Information given

The figure below shows the finding when two sponges of

different sizes was soaked in containers filled with water.
Initially, the volume of water in each container was 700 ml.

329ml

500ml

TC: size of sponge

TM: volume of remain water

KS: Initial water volume

c. Diagram
- table
- graph

surrounding
temperature

TC (cause)

TM (Observation)
Year

Numbers of animals at
location Y
Numbers of animals at
location X

Numbers of fruit

surrounding Numbers of
temperature
fruit

cahaya
sunlight
matahari
bekas logam

TC

metal container
bekas
logam

TM

weight oflilin
wax / /g g
Berat
melting
time
/ minutes
Masa
/ minit

lilin
pejal
solid
wax

60
3

80
4

100
5

120
6

140
7

State the below variable;

weight of wax
i. manipulate / what to change :.
melting time
ii. responding / what to measure :

90

water level (metre)

80
70
60
50

40
30
20
10

Jan

TM

March

TC

Mei

July

Sept

Nov

Month

State the following variables;

Month
i. Manipulate variable / what to change : .
Water level
ii. Responding variable / what to measure :

bar direction
( TM )

(TC )

(TC )

( TM )

Constant variable (keep the same)

Rewrite technique
reference : ( manipulate variable / TC )
- change the parameter of TC with other
parameter

TC : Quantity of fertilizer

change to other
parameter
etc

KS : type of fertilizer
quality
size

Observation + cause/reason

Criterion:
using past experiences or previously collected data to write
conclusions and explain events.

a) State a relevant explanation about observation

b) State other relevant explanation about observation
c) State additional observation to test the inference validity
d) State inference for earlier conclucion or hyphotesis
note;
i.

If observation is stated in question, student need to give

reason only

ii.

If space for observation is provided then observation must be

written

iii.

Focus on manipulated variable / what to change

a) Free inference: State a relevant explanation about observation

Pond A

Pond B

Observation : 1. The size of fish in pond A is small.

2. The number of fish in pond B is less
Based on any of the observations chosen, write two
inferences.
The size of fish in pond A is small.
Observation:_____________________________________
Because there is less food
Inference 1:_______________________________________
Because the fish are not healthy
2:_______________________________________

b) State other relevant explanation about observation

- compare inference

Pond A

Pond B

Based on any observation given, write two inferences about

the difference between the size of fish in pond A and pond B
The size of fish in pond A is smaller than the size of
1_________________________________________________
fish in pond B because the fish in pond A has less food
_________________________________________________
compare to the fish in pond B.
_________________________________________________
The size of fish in pond A is smaller than the size of
2._________________________________________________
fish in pond B because most of the fish are not healthy.
_________________________________________________

c) guided inference
A few days after Pak Abu had sprayed the grass surrounding
pond B, there were a lot of fish dying.
stimuli

Based on the statement above, write one inference.

Most
fish in pond B die because the water is polluted.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________

Note: The answer given should be related to stimulus

provided in question.

d) State additional observation to test the inference validity

Observation :
1. The amount of plant in container Y is more than the
number of plant in container X.
2. The size of plant in container X is bigger than the size of
plant in container Y.

(a) Based on the observation chosen, state two inferences

about the difference between the plants in container X
and Y.
Observation :
Size of plant in container X is bigger
..
than the size of plant in container Y
.

Inference 1 :
Plant in container X obtained more
...
fertilizer / water compare to plant in container Y.
..

Inference 2 : Plant in container X obtained more

.....
sunlight compare to plant in container Y.
.

Inference validity
State another observation / additional observation to support the
stated inference.
Example :
(b) Suggest another observation to support one of the
inferences stated above.
Plant in container X obtained more
Inference : .....
sunlight compare to plant in container Y.
..
Size of leave of plant in container X
Observation : ....
is bigger than the size of leave of plant in
..
container Y.

* Relationship between variables

* The more/less(pattern)..TC.. the
more/less (pattern) TM..
* As the ..TC.. more/less(pattern) the
TM..more/less (pattern) too.
* (factual method)
- Water and air caused iron to rust.
- Water caused the bread to mould.

Criterion:
-suggesting explaination about the relationship between
variables ( TC and TM )
-suggesting explaination based on the principles of science
or previous knowledge
-State an earlier conclusion based on inference

Note;
- To facilitate;
* identify TC and TM
* relate the relationship between TC and TM
Keyword;
The more/less.the more/less.
If .then..

How to write?

Identify TC and TM
- observe the data pattern / trend
- used format given

The ___ TC the ___ TM

or

If ___ TC then ___ TM

Increase or
decrease

cahaya
sunlight
matahari
bekas logam

TC

metal container
bekas
logam

TM

weight oflilin
wax / /g g
Berat
melting
time
/ minutes
Masa
/ minit

lilin
pejal
solid
wax

60
3

80
4

100
5

120
6

140
7

The heavier the weight of wax the longer the time needed
for the wax to melt

The figure below shows the finding when two sponges of

different sizes was soaked in containers filled with water.
Initially, the volume of water in each container was 700 ml.
TM: volume of remain water
TC: sponge size

500ml
329ml
The bigger the sponge size, the less the volume of water left.

Observation : Garden A produces faster product.

Inferences : The manure used in garden A is of better
quality compare to manure used in garden B

(b) State one hypothesis that can be made based on the

inference for the above question.
The better quality the manure the faster the

plant produce.

2. State hypothesis based on given statement .

example :
The improper use of insecticide will cause
damage to plant in long term.

(a)Write one hypothesis based on given statement.

The more improper usage of insecticide the more

damage will happen to plant in long term.

State hypothesis based on investigation.

Example :
A group of pupils conducted one investigation. Part of
the report of the investigation is shown in the table
below.
Time taken to soak
seedling (minutes)

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Weight of seed ( gram ) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

(a) Write one hypothesis based on the investigation.

The longer the seeds are soaked, the heavier they

become.

State the relationship between the position of the sun and

the direction of shadow.
If the sun is on the west, then the shadow will falls
on the east.
As the (TC) (pattern/trend) , the (TM) (pattern/trend)

As the years pass, the number of people who died from

lung cancer increase.

Hypothesis = Conclusion = relationship

Criterion:
Write statement on meaning of data or collected information.
State the pattern from the collected information.
State the relationship between variables.
Making conclusion/summary base on collected data.
State the aim/purpose of investigation.

After an experiment, two informations were recorded :-

Size of bread
(cm2)

The numbers of
fungus grown

25
36
49

5
17
29

a) State the information recorded ?

i. Size of bread.
ii. The numbers of fungus grown.

Size of bread
(cm2)

increase/
bigger

The numbers of
fungus grown

25 5
36 17
48 29

increase/
more

b) State the relationship between the information given.

The bigger the size of the bread, the more fungus will grow.

Size of bread
(cm2)

The numbers of
fungus grown

25

36

17

49

29

c) What is the statement about numbers of mould

grown on the bread if the size of bread is 49 cm2 ?
The most.

Size of bread
(cm2)

The numbers of
fungus grown

25
36
49

5
17
29

d) Write the purpose (aim/objective) of the

investigation?
To investigate the relationship between the size
of bread and the numbers of fungus grown on the
bread.

writing purpose / aim / objective ;

To investigate the relationship between

(TC) and (TM ).

Criterion:
To state what will happen based on given data
or past information.
To state what will happen by extrapolating data
(membuat anggaran berdasarkan data yang tersedia)

Note;

To state what had happened using the mathematics skills of

operation and making prediction if data is in the form of numbers.

Calculation should be used/applied to get a specific data.

Predict the
temperature
for Town B at
7 pm.

Time

Town B
temperature (0 C)

7 am

27
29
32
36
31
25

9 am
11 am

1 pm
3 pm
5 pm

7 pm

?????

+2

+2
+2

+2
+2
+2

Time

Town B temperature

7.00am
9.00am
11.00am
1.00pm
3.00pm
5.00pm

27
29
32
36
31
25

+2

18

- 7

7.00 pm

+3
+4

- 5
- 6

* increase/decrease uniformly/not uniformly

* increase then decrease

* increase uniformly then decrease not

uniformly