Transient state stability

improvement in smib using upfc

By
P.v. Mahesh war reddy
(12261D5417)

contents

Introduction
UPFC
Operation modes of upfc
Modeling of smib without UPFC
Modeling of smib with UPFC
Conclusion
Reference

Introduction
Power systems over the worldwide becoming complex day to day
and continuous requirements are coming for stable, secured,
controlled, economic and better quality power.
These requirements become more essential when environment
becoming more vital and important deregulation.
Power transfer capacity in transmission system is limited due to
various factors such as steady state stability limit, thermal limit,
transient stability limit
Flexible AC Transmission System and Distributed Flexible AC
Transmission System provides feasible and cost-effective solution to
these problems and so these devices are required to use worldwide
for improving performance of power system

Transient stability
Transient stability is the ability of the power
system to maintain synchronism when
subjected to a sudden and large disturbance
within a small time such as a fault on
transmission facilities, loss of generation or
loss of a large load

UPFC
Gyugyi proposed the unified power flow controller (UPFC)
concept in 1991
UPFC is one of the FACTS devices, which can control power
system parameters such as terminal voltage, line impedance
and phase angle. Therefore, it can be used not only for
power flow control, but also for power system stabilizing
control
UPFC is capable of directing real and reactive power flows
through a designated route and regulating the system
voltage through reactive power compensation.

 Thus, UPFC provides several features for power flow control

namely: voltage control through shunt compensation, real power
flow control through quadrature voltage injection and reactive
power flow control through in-phase voltage injection
The UPFC combines together the features of two FACTS devices: the
Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) and the Static
Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). The DC terminals of the
two underlying VSCs are now coupled, and this creates a path for
active power exchange between the converters
The shunt inverter is used for voltage regulation at the point of
connection injecting an opportune reactive power flow into the line
and to balance the real power flow exchanged between the series
inverter and the transmission line.
The series inverter can be used to control the real and reactive line
power flow inserting an opportune voltage with controllable
magnitude and phase in series with the transmission line.

Operation modes of upfc

VAR control mode: the reference input is an inductive or capacitive
var request

The shunt inverter control converts the VAR reference into a

corresponding shunt current request and adjusts gating of the
inverter to establish the desired current. For this mode of control a
feedback signal representing the dc bus voltage, Vdc is also
required.

Automatic Voltage Control mode: The shunt inverter reactive

current is automatically regulated to maintain the transmission line
voltage at the point of connection to a reference value. To this
mode of control, voltage feedback signals are obtained from the
sending end bus feeding the shunt coupling transformer.

 The series inverter controls the magnitude and angle of

the voltage injected in series with the line to influence
the power flow on the line The actual value of the
injected voltage can be obtained in different ways
1.Direct voltage injection mode: The reference inputs
are directly the magnitude and phase angle of the
series voltage.
2.Phase angle shifter emulation mode: The reference
input is phase displacement between the sending end
voltage and the receiving end voltage.

 3.Line impedance emulation mode: The

reference is an impedance value to insert in
series with the line impedance
4.Automatic power flow control mode: The
reference inputs are values of P and Q to
maintain on the transmission line despite system
changes.
In general the shunt inverter will be operated in
Automatic Voltage Control mode and the series
inverter in Automatic Power Flow Control mode

Smib without upfc

smib with upfc

Conclusion
The transients that occur in the SMIB can be
removed by using upfc device, the three
parameter like rotor angle, voltage, susptance can
be control
Fault current is reduced when fault occurs in the
line.
Excitation voltage is modified with damping out
of oscillations when fault occurs at of the line.
The three parameters (voltage, impedance and
angle), determined, the power flow through a
transmission line.

Reference
KR. Padiyar and V. Kalyana Raman, "Study of voltage collapse at
converter bus in asynchronous MTDC-AC systems", Int. J. of Elec.
Power and Energy Syst., Vol. 15, No.1, Feb. 1993, pp. 45-53
KR. Padiyar and S. Suresh Rao, "Dynamic analysis of voltage
instability in AC-DC systems", To appear in Int. J. of Elec. Power &
Energy Syst.
K.R. Padiyar and Kalyani Bhaskar, "An Integrated Analysis of Voltage
and Angle Stability of a Three Node Power System", to appear in
the International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems.
K.R. Padiyar and S.S. Rao, "Dynamic Analysis of Small Signal Voltage
Instability Decoupled from Angle Instability", International Journal
on Electric Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 18, No.7, 1996, pp. 445452