Scaffold Qualified

Certified Safety Construction
Worker CW203
Presented By:
Construction Compliance
Training Center
This material was developed by Compacion Foundation Inc and The Hispanic Contractors Association de Tejas under Susan Harwood Grant
Number SH-20-843-SH0 Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or
policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsements by the U.S.
Government.
This module will provide the information and the

necessary tools that you will need in order to recognize
the risks associated with the job, you will learn the
procedures to control and minimize risks.
You will identify;
Definitions
Specific
Subpart L- Scaffolds
Types of Scaffolds
Hazards Associated with

Scaffolds
General Scaffolding
Requirements
Requirements
Inspections
CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person
1926.450(b)
It is defined as any temporary
elevated platform (supported or
suspended) and its supporting
structure (including points of
anchorage), used for supporting
employees or materials or both.
1926.450(b)
A person who is capable of
identifying existing and predictable
hazards in the surroundings or working
conditions which are unsanitary,
hazardous,
or
dangerous
to
employees, and who has authorization
to take prompt corrective measures to
eliminate them.
1926.450(b)
A person who, by possession of a
recognized degree, certificate, or
professional standing, or who by
extensive knowledge, training, and
experience,
has
successfully
demonstrated his/her ability to solve
or resolve problems related to the
subject matter, the work or the project.
1926.451(a)(6)
Scaffolds erection shall be evaluated,
designed and planned by a qualified person
and shall be constructed and loaded with
that design. Each project has unique
conditions and hazards. This person should
use the common sense, good judgment
and strong rational bases for the evaluation
of his/her design.
CFR 1926.450 Scope, applications & definitions
CFR 1926.451 General Requirements
CFR 1926.452 Additional Specific Requirements
CFR 1926.454 - Training
Appendixes:
Appendix A Scaffold Specifications
Appendix B (Reserved) Criteria for

determining the feasibility of providing safe
access and fall protection for scaffold erectors
and dismantlers.
Appendixes:
Appendix C List of national consensus

standards
Appendix D List of training topics for scaffold

erectors and dismantlers
Appendix E Drawings and illustrations
Suspension Scaffold
Supported Scaffold
Scaffolding aerial
basket
Scaffolding System
Mobile Scaffolding
Towers
Falls to a lower level
Collapse of structure
Electrical contacts
Falls on the same level

Falling materials and tools
Blows with fixed objects
Falls to a lower level:

Building and removing the
scaffolding incorrectly.
Going up the structure to
reach the level of work.
Inadequate fall protection, no

safety rails
Incomplete Platforms
Breakage of the work
platform.
Collapse of the structure:

The inadequate support surface.
Scaffold support of low resistance
materials.
Mooring to the structure,
incomplete or insufficient.
Strong winds (plastic covers
increases
the probability).
Electrical contacts:
Direct or indirect proximity to
power lines
High or low voltage either air or
on the front.
Power cables for portable
electrical extension cords.
Falls on the same level:

Order and cleanliness on the
surface of work platforms:
Extension cords on the
platform.
Air lines on the platform
Tools on the platform
Falling materials and tools:
Scaffolding collapse.
Unprotected work platform
(no toe board)
Rupture of the work
platform.
Incomplete Platform
Blows with fixed

objects:
Blows to the head, arms,
hips and legs.
Blows with the same
scaffold
Blows with fixed structures
1926.451(a)(6)
Designed
by
a
qualified
person
and constructed
and
loaded
in
accordance with that
design.
1926.451(b)(1)
Fully planked between
front
upright
and
guardrail support
1926.451(b)(1)(ii)
Space between the last
plank and the guardrail
support no more than
9
1926.451(b)(6)
Planks do not support
one another
1926.451(b)(5)(i)
Each end of a platform

10 feet or less in length shall
not extend over its support
more than 12 inches (30 cm)
unless the platform is designed
and installed so that the
cantilevered portion of the
platform is able to support
employees and/or materials
without tipping.
Cantilevered
Portion
1926.451(b)(5)(ii)
Each
platform
grater than 10 feet
in
length shall not extend
over its support more than
18 inches (46 cm) unless
the platform is designed
and installed so that the
cantilevered portion of the
platform is able to support
employees.
Cantilevered
Portion
1926.451(b)(6)
On
scaffolds
where scaffolds planks
are abutted to create a
long platform each
abutted end shall rest
on separate support
surface.
1926.451(b)(8)
On
direction
changes, any platform
on a bearer at other
than a right angle shall
be laid first, and
platforms which rest at
right angles over the
same
bearer
laid
second.
These planks
laid first
These planks
laid on top
1926.451(b)(10)
Scaffold components
manufactured by different
manufacturers shall not be
intermixed
unless
the
components fit together
without force and the
scaffold's structural integrity
is maintained by the user.
1926.451(c)(2)
Supported scaffolds
poles, legs, frames
and uprights shall
bear on base plates
and mud sills or other
adequate
firm
foundation.
Base plate
Mud sill
1926.451(c)(2)(ii)
Unstable objects shall

not be used to support
scaffolds or platform
units.
1926.451(c)(1)
Supported scaffolds
with a height to base
width ratio of more
than four to one (4:1)
shall be restrained
from
tipping
by
guying, tying, bracing,
or equivalent means.
TIE
TOP OF SCAFFOLD PLATFORM

AND UPPERMOST TIE
NOT TO EXCEED 4 TO 1 RATIO
26-0 MAX. BETWEEN

INTERMEDIATE TIES
TIE
4 TIMES MINIMUM BASE

TIE AT CLOSEST FRAME
HEADER OR BEARER
FIRST TIE CLOSEST FRAME HOLDER OR BEARER
ABOVE 4 TIMES THE MINIMUM BASE DIMENSION
WIDER 3-0
MINIMUM BASE DIMENSION
TIE
TOP OF SCAFFOLD PLATFORM

AND UPPERMOST TIE
NOT TO EXCEED 4 TO 1 RATIO
20-0 MAX. BETWEEN

INTERMEDIATE TIES
TIE
4 TIMES MINIMUM BASE
TIE AT CLOSEST FRAME
HEADER OR BEARER
FIRST TIE CLOSEST FRAME HOLDER OR BEARER
ABOVE 4 TIMES THE MINIMUM BASE DIMENSION
3-0 AND NARROWER
MINIMUM BASE DIMENSION
1926.451(c)(1)(ii)
Guys, ties, and braces shall be

installed at the closest horizontal
member to the 4:1 height.
Guys, ties and braces shall be
installed at the end of the scaffold
and at horizontal intervals not to
exceed 30 ft.
All ties must be of

positive type, they should
withstand compression and
tension.
1926.451(e)(2)
Additional requirements
for
the
proper
construction and use of
portable
ladders
are
contained in Subpart X
1926.451(e)(1)
Cross braces shall not

be used as a means of
access.
1926.451(e)(1)
When scaffold platforms are more

than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a
point of access, portable ladders,
hook-on ladders, or other similar
shall be used.
1926.451 (e)(8)
It is possible to use the stairs of a

building and exit for a window when
the scaffold is not more
than
14
inches horizontally and
not more
than 24 inches vertically from other
surface.
1926.451(f)(3)
Scaffolds and scaffolds

components shall be
inspected for visible
defects by a competent
person before each work
shift, and after any
occurrence which could
affect
a
scaffold's
structural integrity.
1926.451(f)(4)
Any part of a scaffold damaged

or defective equipment shall be
removed from service.
1926.451(f)(6)
Scaffolds shall not be

erected, used, dismantled,
altered, or moved such that
they are conductive material
handled on them might
come closer to exposed and
energized
power
lines,
minimum distance 10 feet
(3.1 m)
1926.451(f)(16)
Platforms shall not

deflect more than
1/60 of the span when
loaded.
1926.451(g)(1)
Each employee on a scaffold

more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above
a lower level shall be protected
from falling to that lower level.
1926.451(g)(1)(i)
In some scaffolds it is
possible to use a personal
fall arrest system (PFAS) in
lieu of guardrail system.
Scaffold
erectors
and
dismantlers may use a
personal fall arrest system
(PFAS) when is possible.
1926.451(g)(2)
Effective September 2, 1997, the

employer shall have a competent
person determine the feasibility
and safety of providing fall
protection for employees erecting
or
dismantling
supported
scaffolds.
See appendix B
1926.451(b)(3); (g)(4)(ii); (iv); (h)(2)(ii)

Front edge of all platforms:
Shall not be more than 14 inches (36 cm) from the
face of the work, unless guardrail systems are
erected
Top edge height of Toprails:
38-45 inches above the platform
surface
Midrails:
At a height midway between the top
edge of the guardrail and the platform.
Toeboards:
At least 3-1/2 inches high
1926.451(h)(1)
Each employee on a
scaffold
shall
be
provided with additional
protection from falling
hand tools, debris, and
other small objects
1926.452(c)(5)(iii)
Brackets shall be used

only to support personnel
1926.451(c)(1)(iii)
Ties, guys, braces, or

outriggers shall be used
to prevent the tipping of
supported scaffolds with
an eccentric load
1926.452(c)(3)
Frames and panels shall be

joined together vertically by
coupling or stacking pins or
equivalent means.
1926.452(c)(4)
Where uplift can occur which

would displace
scaffolds
end frames or panels, the
frames or panels shall be
locked together vertically by
pins or equivalent means.
1926.452(c)(5)(iii)
Brackets used to support

cantilever loads shall: be
used
only
to
support
personal, unless the scaffold
has been designed for other
loads
by
a
qualified
professional engineer.
1926.452(c)(6)
Scaffolds over 125 feet (38.0

m) in height above their base
plates shall be designed by a
registered
professional
engineer,
and
shall
be
constructed and loaded in
accordance with such design.
1926.454(a)
Recognize the hazards associated

with the type of scaffold being
used;
Any electrical hazards, fall
hazards and falling object
hazards in the area;
Erecting, maintaining, and
disassembling:
The fall protection systems
Falling object protection
systems being used
1926.454(a)(4)&(5)
The maximum intended
load of the scaffolds used.
The load-carrying
capacities of the scaffolds
used.
Any other pertinent
requirements of this
subpart.
1926.454(b)(1),(2),(3)&(4)
The nature of scaffold hazards.

Correct procedures for erecting,
moving, disassembling, operating,
repairing,
inspecting,
and
maintaining the type of scaffold in
question.
The design criteria, maximum
intended load-carrying capacity
and intended use of the scaffold.
Any other pertinent requirements
of this subpart.
1926.454(c)(1),(2)&(3)
Where changes at the worksite

present a hazard about which an
employee has not been previously
trained.
Where changes in the types of
scaffolds, fall protection, or other
equipment present a hazard about
which an employee has not been
previously trained.
Where inadequacies in an affected
employee's work indicate that the
employee has not retained the
requisite proficiency.
Scaffold Specifications
The calculation of the maximum uniform load on the
scaffold can be based on three anticipated loads.
Light Duty
= 25 psf
Medium Duty = 50 psf
Heavy Duty = 75 psf
For a Medium Duty:
5 x 7 = 35 sf
35 sf x 50 psf = 1750 lbs Maximum
uniform load
Rated Capacity
Intended Load Uniformly
Light Duty
25 Pounds per ft2
Medium Duty
50 Pounds per ft2
Heavy Duty
75 Pounds per ft2
Maximum
Intended Load
Maximum Span Maximum Span

Full Thickness
Nominal Thickness
25 Pounds/ft2
10 feet
8 feet
50 Pounds/ft2
8 feet
6 feet
75 Pounds/ft2
6 feet
Not Allowed
Southern Pine DI65 and WCLIB Douglas Fir Select

Structural are common species of scaffold grade lumber.
The American Lumber Standards Committee has
established associations approved to grade species of
lumber.
The load consists of two

main components, the
weight of the scaffold
that is considered dead
load and the weight of
tools, materials and
workers,
that
is
considered live load.
The scaffold should be carefully

inspected before each shift, by
a competent person.
The scaffold damaged or

broken should be removed from
service.
The tower should be level,

plumb and square
Do not use equipment that is

damaged.
Do not use equipment that is

corroded or rusted.
Check that the equipment is

not bent or twisted.
Check all moving parts
Check the welds
Check the boards for any visible

damage
(cracks,
breaks,
separated, etc.).
The boards should be of a special

grade and meets OSHA standards
The capacity of the soil

must be inspected and
determined by a competent
person in accordance with
the standards under OSHA
(CFR 1926 Subpart P).
Inspect
Reinforcement:
Frames and panels must
be
connected
by
horizontal
braces,
diagonal, alone or in
combination, and which
secure vertical members
laterally.
The platform is the

working area of the
scaffold.
Make sure it is safe!
The gap between the

platform
and
the
building should not be
more than 14 inches
(35 cm).
WARNING!
Serious injury and possible
death may be the result of poor
construction and improper use
of the scaffold.
1926.451(f)(7)
Scaffolds shall be erected,

moved, dismantled, or altered
only under the supervision
and direction of a competent
person qualified in scaffold
erection, moving, dismantling
or alteration. Such activities
shall be performed only by
experienced
and
trained
employees selected for such
work by the competent
person.
The minimum requirements for

the personal protective
equipment are: helmet, goggles,
gloves, equipment, personal fall
arrest, and additional equipment
required.
All tools must be secured with a
cord.
Questions?
Photos shown in this presentation may depict situations that are not in compliance with applicable OSHA
requirements.
It is not the intent of the content developers to provide compliance-based training in this presentation, the intent
is more to address hazard awareness in the construction industry, and to recognize the overlapping hazards
present in many construction workplaces.
It should NOT be assumed that the suggestions, comments, or recommendations contained herein constitute a
thorough review of the applicable standards, nor should discussion of issues or concerns be construed as a
prioritization of hazards or possible controls. Where opinions (best practices) have been expressed, it is
important to remember that safety issues in general and construction jobsites specifically will require a great
deal of site - or hazard-specificity - a one size fits all approach is not recommended, nor will it likely be very
effective.
It is assumed that individuals using this presentation, or content, to augment their training programs will be
qualified to do so, and that said presenters will be otherwise prepared to answer questions, solve problems,
and discuss issues with their audiences.
No representation is made as to the thoroughness of the presentation, nor to the exact methods of
recommendation to be taken. It is understood that site conditions vary constantly, and that the developers of this
content cannot be held responsible for safety problems they did not address or could not anticipate, nor those
which have been discussed herein or during physical presentation. It is the responsibility of each employer
contractor and their employees to comply with all pertinent rules and regulations in the jurisdiction in which they
work. Copies of all OSHA regulations are available form your local OSHA office. This presentation is intended to
discuss Federal Regulations only your individual State requirements may be more stringent.
As a presenter, you should be prepared to discuss all of the potential issues/concerns, or problems inherent in
those photos particularly.

Scaffold Qualified

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Scaffold Qualified

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Certified Safety Construction

This module will provide the information and the

You will identify;

Hazards Associated with

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CFR 1926.450 Scope, applications & definitions

CFR 1926.451 General Requirements

CFR 1926.452 Additional Specific Requirements

CFR 1926.454 - Training

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Appendix A Scaffold Specifications

Appendix B (Reserved) Criteria for

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Appendix C List of national consensus

Appendix D List of training topics for scaffold

Appendix E Drawings and illustrations

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Falls to a lower level

Falls on the same level

Blows with fixed objects

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Falls to a lower level:

Inadequate fall protection, no

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Collapse of the structure:

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Falls on the same level:

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Falling materials and tools:

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Blows with fixed

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Each end of a platform

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Unstable objects shall

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

TOP OF SCAFFOLD PLATFORM

26-0 MAX. BETWEEN

4 TIMES MINIMUM BASE

TOP OF SCAFFOLD PLATFORM

20-0 MAX. BETWEEN

Guys, ties, and braces shall be

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

All ties must be of

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

Cross braces shall not

CW203 Scaffold Qualified Person

When scaffold platforms are more