Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Prepared by
Anthony Lizza
Penn State University
What is acceptance
sampling?
Acceptance Sampling
Statistical quality control
technique, where a random sample
is taken from a lot, and upon the
results of the sample taken the lot
will either be rejected or accepted.
What is acceptance
sampling?
Accept Lot
Reject Lot
Statistical Process
Control(SPC)
What is acceptance
sampling?
Purposes
Determine the quality level of an
incoming shipment or, at the end
production
Ensure that the quality level is
within the level that has been
predetermined
What is acceptance
sampling?
Can be either 100% inspection,
or a few items of a lot.
Complete inspection
Inspecting each item produced to
see if each item meets the level
desired
Used when defective items would
be very detrimental in some way
Acceptance Sampling
method
ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING
TAKE SAMPLE
INSPECT SAMPLE
Type title here
DECISION
ACCEPT LOT
REJECT LOT
SAMPLE AGAIN
DECISION
100% INSPECTION
What is acceptance
sampling?
Problems with 100% inspection
Very expensive
When product must be destroyed
to test
Inspection must be very tedious so
defective items do not slip through
inspection
Acceptance sampling
explained
Acceptable Quality levels(AQL)
Number of defect percentage
allowed in a lot which can still be
considered accepted(Type I error)
Acceptance sampling
explained
Sampling Plan
Forms after n and c values have
been found
Producers risk
Risk associated with a lot of
acceptable quality rejected
Acceptance sampling
explained
Consumers risk
Receive shipment, assume good
quality, actually bad quality
Alpha
Type I error(producers risk)
Beta
Type II error(consumers risk)
Acceptance sampling
explained
N
Sample size taken for your
sampling plan
C
Where rejections would occur
when defects exceeded this
percent
Acceptance sampling
explained
Operating characteristics
curve(OC)
A graph, displaying standards at
which shipments would be
accepted
First
Acceptance sampling
explained
Reference n(AQL) in the table
C will be given as well when referencing
the table
Next
N(AQL/AQL)=n-sample size
C= reject if more percent defects more
How acceptance
sampling works
Two classifications of
acceptance plans
Attributes(go no-go)
Variables
How acceptance
sampling works
Attributes(go no-go)
Defectives-product acceptability
across range
Defects-number of defects per unit
Variable(continuous)
Usually measured by mean and
standard deviation
How acceptance
sampling works
Remember
You are not measuring the quality
of the lot, but, you are to sentence
the lot to either reject or accept it
An Exercise
Determine the
AQL, a, LTPD, B?
Reference table providedc
LTPD/
AQL
nAQL
LTPD/
AQL
nAQL
44.890
.052
3.549
2.613
10.946
.0355
3.206
3.286
6.509
.0818
2.957
3.981
4.890
1.366
2.768
4.695
4.057
1.970
2.618
5.426
An Exercise cont.
Assume a manufacturer purchases
wire from an outside vendor. The
wire vendor has an accepted quality
level of 1% and accepts a 5% risk of
rejecting lots below this level. The
manufacturer considers lots with 3%
defectives to be unacceptable and
assumes a 10% risk of accepting a
defective lot.
Develop a sample plan for the
manufacturer to be followed by the
inspection personnel
Summary
Acceptance sampling is used by
organizations to determine if
there processs are running
within a controlled limit and to
see if they should reject or
accept lots
Summary
There are many basic terms you need
to know to be able to understand
acceptance sampling
SPC, Accepts Lot, Reject Lot, Complete
Inspection, AQL, LTPD, Sampling Plans,
Producers Risk, Consumers Risk, Alpha,
Beta, Defect, Defectives, Attributes,
Variables.
Summary
Advantages/Disadvantages of
acceptance sampling
Purpose of acceptance sampling
When to use acceptance sampling
Equations involved
Exercise
Notes pages have many beneficial hints
and help better relate the material, the
answer to the exercise is also located on
a the notes page of the exercise.
Bibliography
(Foster, S.Thomas: Managing
Quality-An Integrative
Approach:pgs. 263-274:copyright
2001)
Quality Control in Furniture
Manufacturing:Internet
http://www.mtc.com.my/publicat
ions/library/quality/qc40.htn
Bibliography
Process Analysis:Internet
http://www.statsofinc.com/textb
ook/stprocan.html
Quality Control: Internet
http://www.ms.ic.ac.uk/jeb/or/qc
ontrol.html