Air dan larutan

Sifat fizikal air

Cecair tidak berwarna

Tidak berbau
Tidak mempunyai rasa
Takat beku 0C
Takat lebur 0C
Takat didih 100C

Teori kinetik jirim

Teori kinetik jirim menerangkan tentang daya
antara zarah dan pergerakkan zarah di dlm
pergerakan zarah di dlm jirim yang berbeza tidak
sama, bergantung kepada suhu dan daya tarikkan
antara zarah-zarah.
tenaga kinetik meningkat sekiranya suhu
meningkat.

The movement of particles in matter

Solids

Liquids

The particles
are held closely
together by very
strong forces.

The particles are

further apart and
vibrate but not in
fixed positions.

They can only

vibrate from
side to side and
spin around
their.

They move
randomly and the
collision between
these particles
take place
frequently.

Gases

The particle are

widely space and
move randomly in all
directions at high
speed.
Collisions between
gas particles take
place more
frequently than
collision particles of
liquids.

 Takat didih: Suhu di mana air berubah menjadi

stim (gas)
Takat beku: Suhu di mana air berubah menjadi ais
Takat lebur: Suhu di mana ais berubah menjadi
air

Perubahan keadaan bagi air

HOW MATTER CAN CHANGE FROM ONE STATE TO ANOTHER

STATE?

SOLID
LIQUID

MATTER CHANGE FROM ONE STATE TO

ANOTHER :

IF HEAT IS ABSORBED
OR RELEASED FROM IT

FREEZING

SUBLIMATION

SOLID
MELTING
SUBLIMATION

EVAPORATION

LIQUID

BOILING

GAS

CONDENSATION

RELEASED ENERGY
ABSORB ENERGY

INTER-CONVERSION OF THE STATE OF MATTER

 MELTING= The process solid to liquid upon

heating
BOILING= The process liquid to gas upon
heating
HEATING CURVES
Involves boiling and melting
the process where the energy is absorbed

HEATING CURVE

AB
Temperature increase as heat energy is absorbed
The particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate
vigorously
The substances exist in solid state
BC
Temperature constant
The heat supplied absorbed is use to overcome the
forces of attraction that hold the particles in their
positions.
Melting occur, the structure of solid breaks down
and turn to liquid.
The substances exist in solid and liquid state.
Temperature which solid convert to liquid known as
melting point.
CD
The particles gain more kinetic energy and move
faster as they absorb heat energy.
Temperature increases.
The substances exist in liquid state

COOLING CURVE

TU
Temperature decrease as heat energy is released to
surroundings
The particles lose kinetic energy and move closer
together
The substances exist in liquid state
UV
Temperature constant
As heat supplied released to surroundings is
balanced by the energy liberated to attract the
particles
Freezing occur, liquid turns to solid
The substances exist in solid and liquid state.
Temperature which liquid convert to solid known as
freezing point.
VW
The particles move slower as the lose heat energy
Temperature decrease.
The substances exist in solid state