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Introduction
This Project is about moisture effect on
CFRP Laminate Adhesive joint.
Degradation of Lap shear strength of the
joint due to moisture will be found.
Acoustic Emission is used to monitor the
propagation of defect.
Ultrasonic(A-Scan) is used to identify the
defects
caused
due
to
moisture
absorption.
DESCRIPTION
25 specimens were made.(Araldite-Bond)
5 specimens were tested in FIE UTM machine.
20 specimens were scanned using Ultrasonic(AScan) and then 10 specimens are immersed in
water,10 are kept in climatic chamber.
After 20 days (which is immersed in water), 5
specimens were scanned
using Ultrasonic(AScan) and then tested in UTM.
Specimen
ASTM D 5868 01 Standard
Specimen Conditioning
Specimens are immersed in water for
different periods.
20 days
30 days 5 specimens each.
Specimens
are conditioned
for
accelerated environment in climatic
chamber. (ASTM-D5229)
o
70% humidity
50c.
20 days
30 days 5 specimens each.
Acoustic Emission
SAMOS E3.10 data acquisition system of
Physical Acoustics Corporation (PAC)
Threshold : 45 dB.
AE measurements were achieved by using
two resonant Nano PAC sensors
Frequency range :1 kHz200 KHz at -3dB
The amplitude distribution range :0100
dB
Peak definition time=30 micro s;
Hit definition time=300 ms;
Hit lock time=600 ms
Sensor Placement
Acoustic emission
observation
Acoustic emission
observation
Wave velocity study
wave velocity
D1
D2
t1
t2
V = (D2-D1)
(t2-t1)
distance between sensor1 and source
distance between sensor2 and source
time interval at which signal is detected in sensor1
time interval at which signal is detected in sensor2
Acoustic emission
monitoring
FAILURE LOADS OF
SPECIMENS
SPECIMEN
FAILURE LOAD
(KN)
SP-21
4.95
SP-24
5.65
SP-25
4.89
SP-3
4.425
SP-4
4.65
SPECIMEN
IMMERSED IN
WATER FOR 20
DAYS
ULTRASONIC INSPECTION
Widely used NDT technique
Detection of most manufacturing flaws and inservice flaws
Ultrasonic transducers for NDT consist of
a single active element that both generates and receives
high frequency sound waves,
or two paired elements, one for transmitting and one for
receiving.
ULTRASONICS (A-Scan)
Simple RF waveform presentation showing the
time and amplitude of an ultrasonic signal.
An A-scan waveform represents the
reflections from different layers in the test
piece.
Ultrasonic wave propagation is influenced by
the microstructure of the material.
The velocity of the ultrasonic waves is
influenced by the material properties and the
defects in the material.
Un-bonded region
Bonded region
ULTRASONICS Attenuation
Attenuation in ultrasonics is the reduction in
amplitude of the ultrasound beam as a function of
distance through the specimen.
It is the combined effect of scattering and
absorption.
A = A0 * e / L
Where,
A Amplitude at any
location
A0 Amplitude at reference
location
e Attenuation co-efficient
L Distance from reference
point
Normal
specimen
X-axis Echo
distance
Y-axis Amplitude
Specimen
after 20 days
in water
Bonded
region
Unconditioned
specimen
Specimen
immersed in
water for 20 days
THANK YOU