Haqooq-ulEbad

Human Rights.
Those moral rights which every human being

enjoys at every place for all times. e.g. Right to

life, liberty, property, freedom of expression,
worship and assembly etc.

Human rights in Islam.

Human rights in Islam are based on two
characteristics.

Dignity of man
Equality of mankind

Haqooq-ulEbad

What haqooq-ul-Ebad Are?

These are the rights of the individual upon
other people. e.g. kindness, obedience to
parents, justice etc

Haqooq-ullah.
These are those rights which are related to
the society collectively enforced by the
authority of the state, e.g. Abadats like salat
(prayer) and fasting etc.

Haqooq-ul-Ebad
These are categorized as:

Sphere of Man.
Sphere of Family
Sphere of Neighborhood.
Sphere Social Life.
Sphere of Government.

Sphere of Man
Natural affection for children and

wife.
Islam considers it not only an instinctive
urge but also a religious obligation.

Rights of Children.

The Holy Prophet (PBUH) has described:

He does not belong to us who does not
show mercy to our young ones and
respect to our old ones (Tirmidhi).

Rights of Spouses
They are your garments and you are their
garments(2:187)

Consort with them in kindness (4:19)

The prophet (PBUH) has said
Among you the best are those who are good to
their wives (Tirmidhi).

Sphere of Family
It includes Parents, brothers, sisters and near

relatives.
Rights of Parents
And serve Allah. Ascribe nothing as partner unto
Him. Show kindness unto parents.(4:36).
And lower unto them the wings of submission
through mercy and say: My Lord! Have mercy on
them as they did care for me when I was
little(17:24).
The Prophet (PBUH) has said:
Your parents are your heaven and hell (Ibn Majah).

Rights of Relatives (Silah Rahim)

It means the maintenance and support of blood
relationship.

The Quran says,

And serve Allah. Ascribe nothing as partner

unto Him. Show kindness unto parents and unto

near kindred(4:36).

The Prophet (PBUH) counted it amongst the

requirements of faith.

He who believes in Allah and the After life must

show kindness to his relatives (Bukhari)

Sphere of
Neighbourhood
Allah has enjoined to do good, unto

neighbors who are near and unto

neighbors who are strangers, and the
companion by your side(4:36).

The Prophet (PBUH) described,

The Angel Gabriel so repeatedly advised
me about the rights of the neighbourers
that I began to think that my neighbour
is meant to be my heir (Bukhari).

Sphere of Social Life

Rights of the Needy.
And in their wealth and possession (was
remembered) the right of the (needy) ,
him who asked, and him who (for some
reasons) was prevented (from asking).
Rights of Orphans
Come not near the property of the
orphan save with that which is better
till he comes to strength(17:24).

Rights of the Sick.

The Prophet (SAW) expressed seven rights of a
Muslim to other Muslim and one of them is
visiting to the sick. (Bukhari).

The Prophet (SAW) says, when a Muslim pays

visit to a sick Muslim, he remains in the gardens
of paradise till he comes back.

Sphere of Government
In an Islamic society the position of an
individual is predetermined from social
and administrative angles.

He is either a ruler or the ruled.

The Prophet (PBUH) says,
He who is entrusted with the responsibility to
the Muslims but does not suffer hardship for
them, nor thinks of their betterment will not
enter the paradise (Muslim).

Critical Analysis
Before the advent of Islam. No idea of universal

brotherhood, liberty or equality. Man a saleable

and purchasable commodity. Tyranny, Slavery
and subjugation of man as norm of society.

Counter balance Mechanism

Inbuilt mechanism
Woman as the object of pleasure
Rights of one are the duties of others
Justice denoted
powerful.

as

the

sweet

will

of

the

Features of System of Human Right

1. Creates Social norms & values.

For example: norms & values of Islamic society that
determine the behavior towards your family,
relatives etc
2. Compel to help needy people.
These haqooq try to create sympathy for the poor
people & also inculcate the concept & spirit of
helping other human beings.

Contd
Islam introduced the principle of Huqooq and
faraiz, that are obligatory and mandatory.

Human Rights in Islam were based on Dignity

of man and equality of mankind.

The last sermon of Holy Prophet (PBUH)

guarantees the equality of man and discards
all the racial and ethnic ties.

Contd
4. Foster the social harmony.
When Muslims are ordered to take care of
even their neighbors so the chances of social
harmony increase.
5. Stern accountability for Haqooq-ul-Ebad.

Hadith of the holy prophet (PBUH)

Holy Prophet (PBUH) gave us the best practices &

attitudes to emulate

6. Holy Prophet (PBUH) as Practical Example