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KHUTBA HAJJATUL WIDA

LAST SERMON OF HOLY PROPHET PBUH
By
Muhammad Ali Khan

About Hujaat-al-wida

Fatah-e-Makkah

8th AH

Hajj was made Obligatory 9th AH

Hazrat Abu Bakkar RA first Ameer-e-Hajj

Sura-e-Tuba/Barrt revelead after Fatah-e-

(6 March 632 AH)

Makkah

This Hajj/Hajj-ul-Islam/hall Ul Bilagh was called

Hajj-e-Akbar(Sura Tuba Aya-3)

Sermon Delivered on 9th Zulhajj in Arfat

Thematic Note

Principles of Civilization and Social Life

Human Rights

Guidelines for International Peace

Brotherhood

Peaceful co-existance

Social Justice and Social Equality

Khutba Hajjatul Wida

It is considered as the first comprehensive charter of

Human Rights delivered by the Prophet (SAW) on the
occasion of Last Pilgrimage he performed.

It is the essence of the teaching of the Quran and

Sunnah and provides essential foundations for
establishment of an Islamic Welfare State.

Sections 2,3, 5,8,12,13,33,34,37,38,43, of this Khutba

provide the foundation of a Welfare State.

The ingredients of the Khutba are scattered in Hadith

and Seerah books.

Prominent scholar of Islamic history, Professor Dr. Nisar

Ahmad, Ex-Dean of Arts, Karachi University, has
compiled the whole Khutba in his Urdu book Khutba
Hajjatul Wida.

A complete Code

Part A Introductory

Part B Equality

Part C Protection

Part D Social and Economic Code

Part E Women Rights and Rights to Slaves

Part F Sources of Law

Part G Faiths and Completion of Deen

A-Introductory

Introduction- Praise to Allah

PART-A
All praise be to
homage and
forgiveness. It
refuge from our

Allah, in whose deference do we pay

from Whom we ask help and
is to Him that we turn and ask for
carnal mischief and wrong doings.

Whomever Allah guides can never turn astray and

one who is mislead by Him can never be solicited or
guided
And I bear witness that there is no God but Allah, the
One, having no partner with Him, in either image or
symbols. And I Muhammad am His Bondsman and
His Messenger.

Ye People_huminity

A.Ye people:
Listen to my words carefully and mark them, for who knows
after this year we may never meet at this place again.

B. Ye People of God:
I dont know whether another year will be vouchsafed to me
after this year to find myself amongst you.

C. Ye People:
Observe silence, you might not be able to see me next year.

Cont
D. Ye People:
Behold!

I want to explain with elaboration everything, as

perhaps after this year I might not be able to meet you ever.

E. People:
Learn every aspect pertaining to the rite of Hajj from me, for
I may not be vouchsafed another pilgrimage.

F. May Allah nurture him with His Blessing, who listened to

what I said, and disseminated it to others, as at times one
who listens may not be wise, and the one to whom it is
disseminated may be wiser.

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B- equality

Equality-First Message

Observe! Every one is equal.

There is no superiority of an Arab over a nonArab and of a non-Arab over an Arab. Neither a
black over a white nor a white over a black has
any superiority and distinction over each other
except on the basis of piety and fear of God

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Equality

Section.1

Equality

You have one Lord and one father. You are all
a progeny of Adam and Adam was created
from clay.

Verily in the sight of Allah, the most

honorable amongst you is the one who is
most God fearing without doubt He
knoweth all.

Section.2

People of God.

I will you to fear Allah and order you to yield and worship
Him and initiate my Address with this virtuous word.

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All previous obligation were

quashed

Section.3

Know that! Age of darkness and ignorance is quashed under

my heels.

Now all signs of ignorance have been eliminated and made to

halt

1.Beware! Everything related to the people of ignorance is

under my (these two) feet

2. Behold! All practices of the days of ignorance like

blood (revenges) illegally possessed property and other
signs of days of ignorance (familial and inheritable pride)
lie quashed under my heels till the Day of Judgment

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Qasas and Diyat as Right

Every claim of privilege whether that of blood or property, is

under my heels except that of the custody of the Kaba and
supplying of water to the pilgrims

Qatle Amad or murder would be avenged. Under the

definition of Qatle Amad would fall murders committed
by a staff or a stone and the Diyat or compensation is
hundred camels. (camel today ?)

Anyone who asks for more in compensation he would be

included amongst the ignorant

Abolishing Riba

And every type of interest from this day here in is

declared wiped out and prohibited, although you have a
right to get back your principal sum, so that neither you
nor the borrower is in deficit. Allah has decided against
interest.

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Qasas and Riba

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5.And all interest based on business are made to

be evil (And as far as Abbas bin Abdul Mutalib is
concerned, his relation to interest is frozen)
6.And the blood revenges of the days of
ignorance are extinguished and prohibited
from now (and with this I forgive the first blood
revenge of my family that of Rabaitas (Bin Al Haris
bin Abdul Mutalib) child who was murdered by Banu
Hazil knowingly.
Thus I as a pioneer volunteer to forgive the blood
split during the days of ignorance

Halal Haram by Allah

7.Ye people!

a) Without doubt Nasai (tempering with

months) envisages disbelief and Kufr and the
disbelievers are lead astray due to this

For one month (due to personal interest or

psychological interest) they proclaim a month as
Halal & when the interest subsides, they cause
the same month next year as Haram, so that the
number of Haram months proclaimed by Allah
are fulfilled superficially. Thus this is how they
temper with Allahs proclaimed Halal months and
turn them into Haram and violate the sacred
months

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Halal and Haram by Allah

b)

Now the time has completed its cycle and has come a
square round from the day the universe started from its
creation.

To Allah there are twelve months, four are sacred and

inviolable, three of which follow consecutively:

(Zil Qad, Zil Hajj and Muharram)) and one occurs

singularly and separately (i.e. Rajab) which is also
known as Shahr Mazr; and which occurs between
Jamadiul Sani and Shaban.

And the month may consist of 29 or of 30 days.

if you have understood me.

To which the crowd affirmed in positive.

And then the Holy Prophet (SAW) exclaimed God as his

witness.

Say

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C- Protection

Protection of Life, Property

Honor
c)Listen;
Hajj / pilgrimage would remain
associated with the month of Zil Hajj till the Day
of Judgment

Section.4

People! Do you know on which day, of which

month, of which place /city you are assembled.
Every one replied: on sacred day, at sacred city
and on sacred month. To which the Holy Prophet
(SAW) assured verily your blood are sacred
and inviolable on each other.

Section.5

And your property and possession

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Cont.
Section.6

And your honor

Section.7

And your flesh (skin, body) including is

sacred and inviolable on each other, until
you appear before your Lord, as the sacred
inviolability of this day of yours this month of
yours, and this town of yours

Verily you will meet your Lord and you will

be held answerable for your actions

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D- Social And Economic

Codes

No transgression of unjust treatmentPeaceful Social Life

Section.8

Peaceful Social Life

Listen to me and you will attain real Life,

but conditional upon the following:

Beware! Do not transgress upon each

other

Observe! Do not misbehave or be

unjust with each other

Understand it for sure!Do not commit

misbehavior upon each other

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Brotherhood and Social

linkage
Section.9
People of God! Listen to me and understand
verily every Muslim is the brother of the
other Muslim and all the Muslims form one
brotherhood
Section.10
Beware ! Every Muslim is honorable and
sacred for the other Muslim
Section.11

And every believer is sacred upon the other

believer (like this day which also has a
sanctity):

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Social Code
(i) His flesh is sacred upon the other;
(ii)And backbiting, thus would amount to eating the flesh
of the other;
(iii)And ones honor is sacred and cannot be violated;
(iv)And ones face is sacred for another and cannot be
physically violated;
(v)And

to cause pain is forbidden;

(vi)And this too is forbidden that in order to cause one

pain, he is pushed;
(vii)And this too is prohibited upon one Muslim to disregard
the blood of another as Halal;
(viii) Nothing of his brother is lawful for a Muslim except
what he himself gives willingly.So do not wrong yourself;
(And should I tell you who is a real Muslim?)

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Definition of Muslim and

Believer

Section.12

Muslim is one from whose hands and tongue the others

are protected
Section.13
And believer is in fact one from whom the life and
property of others is secure
Section.14

And migrant in essence is one who has excluded or

divested himself from sins and wrong doings

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Economic Codes-Repayment
of Debts

Section.15
And Mujahid is one who for the grace of God,
fights and struggles within against his carnal desires

Section.16
It is incumbent upon a borrower that All borrowed
property must be returned

Section.17

All debts must be repaid

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Socio-Economic Codes
Section.18
All borrowed items must be returned.
Section.19
Donations/Trusts must be returned.
Section.20
Guarantor must be responsible for the guaranteed
sum or surety

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Personal Responsibility of all

deeds
Section.21
Observe! No one committing crime is
responsible for it but himself
Section.22
Neither the child is responsible for the
crime of his father, nor the father is
responsible for the crime of his child

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E- Women Rights and Rights of

Subordinates

Women Rights
Section.23
Have the fear of God in respect of women (Piety)
Section.24
I command you to treat women well (since they are
your helpers) because they are like captives in your
houses, possessing nothing for themselves and
unable to manage their affairs themselves
Section.25
Oh Ye People! Verily there are rights in favor of your
women which are incumbent upon you and there are
rights in favor of you which are incumbent upon them
(As to what is incumbent upon them in your regard
is)

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Women Rights-Directions
to them

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And it is incumbent upon women :

To abstain from impropriety, If they dont then

you have no right to treat them harshly

It is not permissible for a woman to give

anything from the wealth of her husband to
anyone but with his consent

Know that! A boy will be associated with the

name of his father. (Identity to human)

Social Recognition to Every

Human/Slaves
Anyone who associates his name with
anyone other than his father or if any
slave associates himself to anyone
other than his master, the fie of all
humanity and angels would befall on
him, and on the Day of Judgment no
compensation would be accepted from
him

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Rights of Subordinates
Section.26
a.

See that you feed them with such food as

you eat yourselves;

b.

And clothe them with clothes that you

yourselves wear;

c.

And if they commit a wrong deed which you

cannot forgive them O people of God! Sell
them off but:

d.

Do not punish them harshly

e.

And treat your slave-girls properly, and thus

feed them and clothe them as yourself

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Haqooq Allah and Haqooq AlEbad

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Section.27
Oh People! Verily I was ordained to fight and instill in people
the message of Allah (La-illaha-ill-Allah) and once when they
yield in actual succeeded in securing their life and
properties.Rest be it Allahs responsibility.
Section.28

Do not equate anything or a partner with Allah.

Section.29
And neither take away anyones life unjustly
Section.30

Neither commit turpitude

Section.31
Neither commit theft

Khatam e Nabuwat
Section.32
O People!
No prophet would be raised after me and no
new Ummat (would be formed after) you.
While referring no Messih Aldajjal time and
again He (SAW) said: There has been no
prophet before me, who has not forewarned
his people about Dajjal

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Piety
Section.33

Behold! Worship your Lord; offer prayers

five times a day; observe fast in the
month of Ramzan; pay readily the zakat
on your property and: perform pilgrimage
to the House of God (ibadat)

and obey your rulers and surely you will

be admitted to the paradise of your Lord

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Obedience of Rulers and Fairness in

Business

And obey your rulers and surely you will

be admitted to the paradise of your Lord

Section.34
Fear

God and do not temper with the

scales and weigh rightly and do not

act seditious in your country

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Obeying Hadood-u-Allah

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Section.35
And beware of transgressing the limits set in the
matters of religion, for it is transgression of the
(proper bounds of) religion that brought destruction
to (many people before you)
Section.36
Verily the Satan is disappointed at ever being
worshipped in this land of yours, but if obedience
in anything (short of worship is expected that is);
he will be pleased in matters you may be disposed
to think insignificant; so beware of him in your
matters of religion

Inheritance/ Charity

Section.37
Allah has ordained every one his due share (of
inheritance).
Hence there is no need (of special) testament / will
for an heir thus no amount exceeding 1/3rd of total
can be willed to anyone
Section.38
Give charity for I know not perhaps you may not
see me again.
Section.39
Do not swear in the name of Allah (wrongly).For
if anyone swears (wrongfully) in the name of
Allah, his lie would be laid bare by Allah.

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Shahadat (Evidence)

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Section.39

Do not swear in the name of Allah

(wrongly).For

if

anyone

swears

(wrongfully) in the name of Allah, his

lie would be laid bare by Allah

Importance of Knowledge- Knowledge

as Human Right
Section.40

(i)Oh
People
!
Gather
whatever
knowledge
ye
can
before
this
knowledge is denied to you and
narrowed to restriction

(ii) One form of ending all sorts of

knowledge is that those who know are
taken away from amongst you

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Social Relations

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Section.41
There

are three things whereby a

believers heart remain purified from illwill:

While performing with good-will in the way

of Allah

For the good-will

(Muslim) Rulers

While communicating and being among the

company of Muslims, as their prayers ward
off ill-will and surround him

and

benefaction

of

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F- Sources of Law

Sources of Law
Section.42
1. Mark my words as I have transmitted
every thing to you:
1.

Verily I have left amongst you that which will

never lead you astray, the Book of Allah, which
if you hold fast, you shall never go astray.

2.

And I have left amongst you that which will

never lead you astray, the enlightened Book of
Allah, and the Sunnah of His Prophet

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Sources of Law- Research and

Reference

The Book and Sunnah

Imam Malik, Mota Imam Malik) hadiz No.1395

Musnad-e-Ahmed

The Book

Imam Muslim

The Book and Alh-e-Bayat

Imam Trimazi (Jam-e-Tirmazi)

Imam Ahmed Bin Hanbal

Imam Tibrani

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Faiths and Completion of

Deen
OBEDIENCE OF RULERS

Obedience of Rulers/Khatm-eNabuwat
Section.43
O People! Listen and obey, though a mangled Abyssinian
slave is appointed your Amir, provided he executes
(the ordinances of) the Book of Allah among you
Section.44
Know that! Each Prophets invitation to his message has
elapsed except mine for my message has been vaulted
with the Almighty forever and is going to sustain for all
times to come

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Faiths and Akhrat

1.

2.

3.

After this the Prophets would feel proud of the

numbers but remember do not let me down
with your bad / evil doings. I will await you at
the Hauz-e-Kausar.
Beware! I will reach the Hauz-e-Kausar before
you and will feel proud at your numbers in
comparison to other nations.So do not become
a source of my embarrassment
Behold!
I will help in emancipating some of the people
(from Hell), yet some will part from me and when I
would ask Allah that are they not my nation /
followers? To which Allah would reply You do not
know what evil they did after you

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Akhrat
Section.45
Take

heed not to go astray after

me and strike one anothers necks

Section.46
And

listen again! When you would

meet your Lord, He surely will
inquire about your deeds;

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Akhrat

Thus the only one who would be given

hearts gratification, and before his eyes
generous boons would befall, and the
world itself would yield under his feet

But the one who endears this transitional

world as permanent end, Allah will
create chaos and division in his affairs,
and that man would see and witness
poverty and suffering in this world

And he would only receive his due share

that is already fated upon him

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Bidaat (Innovations)
prohibited
Section.47
Observe! Now you have both seen me and
listened to every thing I had to say. Very soon
you would be asked about me and when it is
time, do not witness falsehood upon me, if you
do Hell will be your abode
Section.48
Observe! All those who are present here
disseminated what I said to those who are
absent; for many people to whom the message
is conveyed may be more mindful of it than the
audience

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Completion of Deen

Then the Holy Prophet (SAW) said:

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Oh Allah! Have I conveyed your message to them or

not?(Then asked the audience) And have I not
delivered Allahs message effectively? Listen have I
not imparted the rightful just message?

They all answered unanimously:

Surely / Verily! (Then the Holy Prophet (SAW) said:

Oh God be my witness (how clearly and un-hesitantly
do they profess it). Oh God be my witness (no what
they say), Oh God be my witness. And if you were
asked about me, what would you say?

Completion.

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They answered:

We bear witness that you have

conveyed the

trust (of religion) and discharged your ministry

of apostle hood and looked to our welfare

Thereupon, Allahs Messenger (SAW) lifted his

fore-finger towards the sky and then pointing
towards the people said: Oh Lord! Bear thou
witness unto it. O Lord! Bear thou witness unto
it

Epilogue

Equality

Main underlying value of human rights

Holy Prophet stressed equality, strongly

All human beings are equal without the distinction of

race, color, class or gender and age,One God , one
Father no discrimination on , Color, Nationality

Social justice:

Everyone has the right to life, liberty and the

security of person

No one shall be held in slavery or servitude

No torture cruelity, inhuman or degrading treatment

or punishment

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Cont

Recognition

Subject of law

Sources defined

Protected by religion

Dignity and Gender Equality

Everyone has the right to recognition

This Sermon gives more rights to women

Freedom

From slavery

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Cont

Protects

Respect, Honor, Flesh, property, Life, Possessions

Obedience of Rulers

Principles of Social Relations

No back biting, fairness in Business, personal

responsibility of all deeds, brotherhood,

Explains Economic Codes

No Usury, Riba, protecting Trusteeship

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As Charter

Provides Philosophy of Human Rights

Enlists important Human Rights

Gives a workable system of Human Rights

Defines Obligations and Rights

Provides a system of two fold Accountability

Elucidates Sources of Law

Explains applicability of the laws

Provides legitimacy through religion (cant

be repealed)

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Uniqueness

First ever Charter of Human Rights

Gives Rights to Women,

Slaves/Subordinates

Address Humanity ( O-People)

Relates Human/Women Rights with

Piety

Provides legitimacy through religion

(cant be repealed)

Obedience of Ruler as a teaching

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Rights to Slaves

First ever in the History of Human Rights

Examples

Hazrat Bilal RA, Hazrat Zaid Bin Haris (mentioned

in Quran), Mosa Bin Naseer, Tariq Bin Ziad

Salve Ruled
1248-1517

Egypt (Zahir0u-Din Bires)

1206-1290

Sub-Continent

Mothers

of 37 Abbasid Rulers were Kaniz

(the famous; Abu Jafar, Haroon Rasheed,
Mamoon o Rasheed, Mutasim Billah)

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Time Line of Human Rights in

West

Magna Carta,15 June 1215 by King First UK

Agreement b/w 25 Aristocrats and King

Passed in 1355 by Parliament

Hobos corpus Law 1640

Human Rights and Freedom Bill 1689

10 Amendments in US Constitutions for HR

1789

Human Right Bill France 1789

UN Declaration of Human Rights 10-12-1948

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