VOCATIONAL TRAINING PRESENTATION

2014 - 15

NAME
DEPTT
COLLEGE

: LAKHAMAN B. VADHER
: ELECTRICAL
: GOVERNMENT ENGNEERING
COLLEGE BHARUCH

Introduction
In India 70% of total power is generated by the Thermal
Power Stations.
Essar power is one leading company in electrical power
generation

Essar Power Salaya

Capacity:- 1200 MW (2*600 MW)
It is based on coal fired power plant
Project site area :- 330 Ha
Narmada water used as condenser cooling water Boiler
water
Power evacuation at 400 KV to state utility

Major Learning

Boiler Unit
TG (Turbine Generator) Unit
Transformer Yard
Switchyard(HV,MV,LV)
Coal Handling System
Ash Handling System
ESP (Electrostatic Precipitator)
Cooling Tower
Different type of Motor and Pump

Basic Layout of Thermal Power Plant

Boiler
Boiler is steam generator. It convert water into high
pressure and high temperature steam
In Essar power plant Salaya Subcritical type of boiler is
used.
A subcritical steam generator is a type of boiler that
operates at subcritical pressure
Main steam flow:- 2060 TPH
Main steam outlet pres.:- 17.50 Mpa
Main steam outlet temp.:- 541C
Feed water pres.:- 19.492 Mpa
Feed water temp. :- 281.7 C
Reheat steam flow :- 1725.9 TPH

Schematic Diagram of subcritical Boiler

BOILER SIDEVIEW

Steam Turbine
A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy
from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work
on a rotating output shaft
And main output shaft is coupled with electrical generator
Turbine divided into 3 Stage
I. HP (High Pressure Turbine)
II. IP (Intermit Pressure Turbine)
III. LP (Low Pressure Turbine)
Rated Output :- 600 MW
Rated Speed :- 3000 RPM
Steam pressure :- 16.7 Mpa
Steam temperature :- 538 C
Direction of rotation :- Clockwise

Steam Turbine

Electrical Generator
Electric generator is a device that converts mechanical
energy to electrical energy.
Main part of generator are stator and rotor.
Output of electrical power taken from stator terminal.
D.C. supply to the rotor winding through brush and slip
ring.
In Essar power water hydrogen cool synchronous
generator is used

Generator

Generator Specification
Parameter

Value

MW Rating

600MW

Rated Voltage

20KV

Rated Stator current

20377 A

Rated Speed

3000 RPM

Rated Frequency

50 Hz

Generator Cooling
Cooling needed in large size generator
Two Type of Cooling system
I.Water cooling
II.Hydrogen cooling
Water is used for stator cooling.
Hydrogen are used for rotor cooling as well as stator
cooling

Stator water cooling cycle

STATOR
COOLING
WATER TANK
GENERATOR

STRAINER A
STATOR COOLING
WATER PUMP A

COOLER
A
COOLER
B

M
STATOR COOLING
WATER PUMP B

STRAINER B

Transformer Yard
Main Equipment used Trafoyard
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.

GCB (Generator Circuit Breaker)

ST (Station Transformer)
UT (Unit Transformer)
GT (Generator Transformer)
NGR (Neutral Grounding Resistor)

Transformer Yard SLD

GCB
Protection of the Generator against system-fed
shortcircuit currents
The GCB is an effective protection device for the
transformer and the generator
I. Starting and maintenance stages
II. Synchronization and normal conditions
III. Abnormal conditions including
Overvoltages, un-balanced load
Short circuit
Step up transformer side
Generator side
Out of Phase Requirements

Station Transformer
ST is used supply station common load such as Coal
handling,DM plant, etc.
Transformer used in salaya power plant is three winding
transformer
Specification
Parameter

Value

Rated MVA

70 MVA

Voltage

20/11/33KV

Frequency

50Hz

Number Phase

Vector Group

Dyn11yn11

Unit Transformer
Unit Transformer supply separate unit load such as
Boiler auxiliary,Cooling tower and Turbine auxiliary etc.
Specification
Parameter

Value

Rated MVA

45MVA

Rated Voltage

20/11.5KV

No. Of Phase

Vector Group

Dy11

GT(Generator Transformer)
As an essential element of all nuclear, thermal or
hydraulic power stations.
GT are step-up transformer with delta connected LV
side and star connected HV side
In Essar power salaya OLTC is used and GT consist of
three single phase transformer unit.
GT Specification
Parameter

Value

Rated MVA

250MVA

Rated Voltage at no load

21/420KV

Vector Group

YNd1

Type Of cooling

ONAN/ONAF/OFAF

NGR(Neutral Grounding Resistor)

The suitable Neutral Grounding Resistance (NGR)
should be installed between neutral point (star point) and
the ground to restrict the earth fault current to 50 Amps
it is used to limit the current flowing through ground.
it measures the resistance between the neutral and the
GND.
There two consideration to Select NGR
1) Plant capacity
2) Current carrieng capacity

Bus Duct
Different types of bus-ducts are provided as per
application/ current and voltage rating.
I. IPBD (Isolated phase bus duct)
II. SPBD (segregated phase bus duct)
III. NSPBD (non segregated phase bus duct)
IPBD: In 20 kV,22000A Generator to Generator
transformer main run
SPBD:-11kV, 1500 A between Unit transformer to Unit
switchgear
NSPBD:-0.433kv, 3333.43A between service transformer
to PMCC and MCC

IPBD (Isolated phase bus duct)

SPBD (segregated phase bus duct)

NSPBD (non segregated phase bus duct)

Switch Yard
Three type of switch yard in Essar salaya power its
divided in based on voltage level
I. HV (High Voltage Switch yard )
II. MV (Medium voltage)
III. LV (Low Voltage)

HV Switch yard
Electric power is generated in Generation Station. The
voltage at which is power is generated in generation
station lies between 11kv to 25kv.
SwitchYard Definition It is switching station with incoming
and outgoing feeders but without the transformer. It is a
type of substation but incoming feeders and outgoing
feeders are of same voltage level. Some times, the out
door area of a substation where the circuit breakers are
located are also called switchyard of the substation A
switchyard connects and disconnects lines on the grid for
various reasons. The operations and equipment are
essentially all at the same voltage level.

Equipment in switch yard

Main Equipment used in HV switch yard

CVT(capacitive voltage transformer)

CT(current transformer)
Isolator
Circuit Breaker
Bus bar
Wave trip
EMVT( electromagnetic voltage transformer)
LA (lighting arrester)
Earth switch

CVT(capacitive voltage transformer)

Capacitor Voltage
Transformers convert
transmission
class voltages to
standardized low and
easily
measurable values,
which are used for
metering,
protection and control of
the high voltage
system.

CT (current transformer)
A current transformer
(CT) is used for
measurement of alternating
electric currents.
A current transformer
produces a reduced
current accurately
proportional to the current
in the circuit, which can be
conveniently connected to
measuring and recording
instruments.

Isolator
Isolator is an off load device
which is operated by remote
control or local. Isolators
provided in switchyard are
central break type.
Types of Electrical
Isolators
1) Double Break Isolator
2) Single Break Isolator
3) Pantograph type Isolator

Circuit Breaker
A circuit breaker is an
automatically operated
electrical switch designed to
protect an electrical circuit
from damage caused by
overload or short circuit
Its basic function is to detect
a fault condition and
interrupt current flow

Busbar
A busbar in electrical power distribution refers to thick
strips of copper or aluminium that conduct electricity
within a switchboard, distribution board, substation, or
other electrical apparatus
The size of the busbar is important in determining the
maximum amount of current that can be safely carried.

Wave trap
Wave traps are used
for communication
purpose during fault
conditions. Wave
traps offer high
impedance path for
high frequency
signals & low
impedance path for
power frequency
current.

EMVT (electromagnetic voltage transformer)

EMVT- Electromagnetic voltage transformer . As the name
says its works in the principle of electromagnetic induction
principle.Its just a stepdown transformer,stepdown voltage i.e
higher voltage to meserable voltage by instruments
connected to measurement and protection.

LA (lighting arrester)
A lightning arrester is a device used on electrical power
systems and telecommunication systems to protect the
insulation and conductors of the system from the
damaging effects of lightning

Earth Switch
Earth switches used in
substation . in that when
isolator
OPEN condition earth
switch is CLOSED. here
any induction
that passes through earth
switch to ground. when
isolator in
CLOSED condition Earth
switch should be Open

CONCLUSION
The Overview of this project is about the various techniques
involved in 400 KV Switchyard Of Essar Power Plant. By
this we get To Know About the operation of different
equipments in Switch Yard and its maintenance.

THANK YOU