Introduction: Applied Linguistics

and Language Teaching in the

Twenty-first Century
&
Applied Linguistics and Language
Learning/ Teaching
Presented by group 2:
1. Hasrat Sozanolo Harefa
2. Dasril
3. Soffia Molina Citra
CLASS : ING-C

SUBJECT : APPLIED
LINGUISTICS

Intoduction: Applied Linguistics

and Language Teaching in the
Twenty-first Century

General Background (defining

Applied Linguistics)
Pit Corder & AAL (1950s):
Theoritical and Empirical Investigation of realworld problem (language)
AILA: as Problem Solving of Language Problem
Problem (ambigous meaning):
research question
treatable mistake of language
Cotemporary AL: field of human knowledge of
language

The problem solving successes of

Applied Linguistics
1) Translation
2) Linguistics Diversity
3) Language Teacher (Method and
Syllabus)
4) Devising Othographies
5) Inventing Simplified Language for
mariners

Three Implification of Applied Linguistists

Applied Linguists is a jack of all

trades.
Know a little about many
MASTER OF NONE

areas, not only of language

the Applied Linguists is a gobetween, not an enforcer, a servant,

not a master
Sheer description of any area of
language is not applied linguistics as
such but descriptive linguistics.

Applied Linguists
1) Important role behind the scene
2) As advisor not, enforcer
3) Master of none
4) Lang. Teaching & Learning: design
syllabus, test used around the
world, and methods

Problems in advising the methods

some countries can not aplly the

methods suggest by some linguists
Biases in culture
Influenced by power and politic
A. Linguists may be loosing contact
with actual teaching so giving up
much of its impact

CONCLUSION
finding out about the techniques for
teaching now elements of language
you have to turn to the teachertraining tradition
Applied linguists tend to impose
theory based on the solution

Applied Linguistics and

Language Learning/
Teaching

Introduction
Lang. Teaching and Learning
Dominant

View

Concern

App. Ling

Lang. Teaching
& Lang. Teacher
education

L2 teaching &
learning

Only proper
concern

2 problems

Optimum
age

Validity of English
Proficiency test

Claims
Many Lang. Experts and the statutes of
AILA:
Wide Range of activities undertaken by App.
Linguistics
The associations purpose is to promote research
in the areas of applied linguistics, for example
language learning, language teaching, language
use and language planning, to publish the results
of this research and to promote international and
interdisciplinary cooperation in this areas.

A Personal Account
History of
Language
Teaching
Method in
Language
Teaching

Efforts

History of
method

Emerges and
disappears
like fashion in
dress/clothes

To seek now and better

methods of teaching and
learning

Applied Linguistics and

Institutional Problems
App. Linguistics
by society

problems regarded
Matters of
institutional concern

App.
Ling

school

Interve
ne
Train
Explain
Solve

Recuri
ng
proble
ms

hospital
workpla
ce
Law
court
TV
studio

Optimum Age
The age of starting a foreign language:
what is the right age to start language
learning?
Critical
Development in the brain at
Change the way
period
view

hypothesis

Research
into L2
learning

puberty

of learning

Before
puberty

Acquire
language

As native
speaker

After
puberty

Learn in
more
intellectual
manner

As L2/FL
speakers

May be no
optimum
age

Since adult can learn as

efficiently as children and
indeed more quickly

1) Presbyterian Ladies
College (PLC)
A large independent girl
school (N=1200)
A School in
Melbourne

With both primary and

secondary deparments
Offers six languages at
secondary (years 7-12)
French : also offered in
Primary School

After two years :

primary students = secondary students

french

2) English Teaching in
Nepal
Until the early 1960s
English
widely available in the
Nepal school system

In the early 1970s

Nepal withdrew from English for
purposes of nation building
1980s
1983

the ban

lifted

A survey of English teaching by 3 app. Linguists

commisioned

Its findings
disturbing
no school teacher
possessed adequate English proficiency
Surveys recommendation
secondary school
Government

English

English

in the

primary school

3) Immersion Language
Teaching
Immersion
the teaching of the
L2 as the
medium of
Canad
Require the presence of
instruction
a
four factors
Parents of
students

Immersion of
students (and their
parents)

Students and
parents
Immersion
progamme

TL and
its
speaker

4) Factors Relevant to the Optimum

Age Problem

The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The

educational
social and sociolinguistic
psychological and psycholinguistic
anthropological and cultural
political
religious
economic
business aspect
planning/policy aspect
linguistic

5) Doing Applied linguistics: the process

Wide ranging electicism by A. Linguists:

open to criticism on:
The grounds of superficiality
The lack of a strong theoritical base
the excessive demands in
professional training

FACTORS RELEVANT TO THE

ELTS EVALUATION
ELTS = English Language Test System
Testing project of tertiary students (non-native
language) who aim to study at British Universities
must attend English proficiency tests organized by
British Council.
The first used until the late 1970s, and the second
operational was in the early part of 1980s known
English Language Test System (ELTS, consists of
four parts of skill: reading, writing, listening, and
speaking).

SOME FACTORS
1. Educational
(including the
psychometric)
2.Social (and its
interface with the
linguistic and
3.Psychological
sociolinguistic) (and its
interface, the
psycholinguistics)
4.Anthropological
factors (for insights on
cultural matters)
5.Political

6.Religious
7.Economic
8.Business
9.Planning/policy
(including the ethnical)
10.Linguistics and
phonetic

INVESTIGATING THE PROBLEMS:

THE METHODOLOGY OF APPLIED
LINGUISTICS
Second-language acquisition
research
Language proficiency testing
The teaching of language for
specific purpose
Curriculum design

EDUCATIONAL LINGUISTICS

was modeled
Educational
sociology

Educational
psychology

Thank you,,,,,,

1. Elva:
-Make clear the slides
-How do you carry it out in language
teaching?
2. Mike
-Make clear the slides
-For the 2nd speaker should explain
the ten factors of optimum age.
3.Ahmarianti
-For 2nd topic, there is not contribution
applied linguistics in teaching
4. Laurie
-The 2nd speaker did not explain about
personal account

1.Laurie
-Why does Caplan
Answer:
2.Wira
-Who is applied linguist?
Answer: The human who knows about the language and some factors
of language.
+ Is everybody applied linguist?
Applied linguist focuses on grammar, curriculum
3.Citra
-What is the application of optimum age?
Answer: Optimum age : teaching the student early as possible.
-What is the effect of it on proficiency test?
Answer: student can enroll the study easily.
+Afrian: The optimum age is related to the foreign students who want
to study in British university, and the student must be tested ELTS
+ Wira: There is not link between optimum age and proficiency test.
4. Elva
How do you carry it out in language teaching?
Answer: - parent roles
+ My point is how do you carry out in language teaching.
Adi: it is about program, not method.
We are not multilingual country, so it is very difficult to apply about
this.
Lafziatul: We are multilingual speaker but Indonesia people can not

Optimum age: capacity of learning, young learners

and adult learners.
ELTS is used for adult learners, not young learners
The result of learning can be seen from the process
Sri:
Can we call someone who knows the sociolinguist
as a applied linguist?
Answer: Sociolinguist can not be called as a
applied linguist. Others : anthropologist,
Applied linguistics is to solve the problems by using
language.