Professional Documents
Culture Documents
By group 4
L2 users lives,
experiences and
situation are as varied as
human lives can be.
L2 users reflect the
amazing diversity of
humanity.
a Cantonese
man is
speaking
Mandarin in
London
A Japanese
woman is using
Spanish on
holiday in
Spain
Cook ,1991
1. Multi-competence Background
a way of looking at
second language
acquisition from the
vantage point of the L2
user as a distinct kind of
person rather than
Language 1
A representative
system known by
human being
Human language
Language 2
An abstract entity
Language 3
A set of sentences
Language 4
The possessio of a
community
The language of
French people
Language 5
I have learnt
French as a
foreign language
for 8 years
communi
as people living in ty
mother tongue
English
Mother
toungue
French
speakers of
neither
English nor
French
2,746,480
58,590
2,160,330
DE SWAAN HIERARCHY
English
HYPECENTRAL
SUPERCENTRAL
12 Super Central
Languages.
CENTRAL
PERIPHERAL
(LOCAL)
6 languages were
dispersed via
colonialism: Arabic,
English, French,
Portuguese, Russian,
and Spanish
Baha
sa
Mina
ng
native local
language
people using an
L2 within a larger
community
central
language
people using an
L2 internationally
for specific
functions
international communicators;
purpose specific (Seaspeak),
academic, religious, business, etc
supercentr
al
language
people using an
L2 globally for a
wide range of
functions
hypercentr
al
language
people
Mandarin for other Chinese dialect
historically from
speakers; returnees
a particular
community (re-)
acquiring its
language as an L2
Identity
language
EFL
hypercentr
al
supercentr
al
central
local
De Swaan
(2001) claims
that L2 users
are the glue
that keeps
these societies
together
German
French
southern Europe
Russian
Language Passport
(2007
in
co
rp
or
at
ed
7. Conclusions