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Saravanan hari
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Introduction :
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Exhaust System: Flow system for removing exhaust gases from the
cylinders, treating them, and exhausting them to the surroundings.
It consists of an exhaust manifold which carries the exhaust
gases away from the engine, a thermal or catalytic converter to
reduce emissions, a muffler to reduce engine noise, and a
tailpipe to carry the exhaust gases away from the passenger
compartment.
Flywheel : Rotating mass with a large moment of inertia connected
to the crank shaft of the engine.
The purpose of the flywheel is to store energy and furnish
large angular momentum that keeps the engine rotating
between power strokes and smooths out engine operation.
Engine Terminology :
Figure 3, shows the pressure volume diagram of ideal engine cycle
along with engine terminology as follows:
Top Dead Center (TDC): Position of the piston when it stops at the
furthest point away from the crankshaft.
Top because this position is at the top of the engines (not
always), and dead because the piston stops as this point.
Because in some engines TDC is not at the top of the
engines(e.g: horizontally opposed engines, radial
engines,etc,.) Some sources call this position Head End Dead
Center (HEDC).
Some source call this point TOP Center (TC).
When the piston is at TDC, the volume in the cylinder is a
minimum called the clearance volume.
Near the end of the exhaust stroke before TDC, the intake
valve starts to open, so that it is fully open by TDC when
the new intake stroke starts the next cycle.
Near TDC the exhaust valve starts to close and finally is
fully closed sometime after TDC.
This period when both the intake valve and exhaust valve
are open is called valve overlap, it can be clearly seen in
valve timing chart given below.
Figure10:Suction stroke
Questionnaire :