Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Data Analysis
and Computers I
Slide 1
Compu
ters I
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Examples:
Compu
ters I
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Compu
ters I
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Compu
ters I
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Interpretation:
small: w = .10 to .30
medium: w = .30 to .50
large: w = .50 and higher
Compu
ters I
Slide 6
Degrees
of
freedom
Numbe
r of
cases
Value
of
statistic
Significance
of statistic
Compu
ters I
Homework problems:
Chi-square test of goodness-of-fit
Slide 7
This problem analyzes the variable "marital status" [marital] for a subset of the cases in
GSS2000R.Sav. The subset is based on the variable "attitude toward life" [life]. Using an
alpha of .05, is the following statement true, true with caution, false, or an incorrect
application of a statistic?
Previous research on survey respondents who said that they generally find life pretty
routine found that the breakdown for "marital status" was 38.7% in the category 'married',
16.1% in the category 'widowed', 10.8% in the category 'divorced', 5.4% in the category
'separated' and 29.0% in the category 'never married'.
A chi-square test of goodness-of-fit was performed on the variable "marital status" and
found that the breakdown in our sample was significantly different from the breakdown
found in previous research.
HINT: Applying the percentage breakdown from previous research to our sample of 93 cases
would result in expected frequencies of 36 in the category 'married', 15 in the category
'widowed', 10 in the category 'divorced', 5 in the category 'separated' and 27 in the
This is the general framework
category 'never married'.
True
o True with caution
o False
o Incorrect application of a statistic
o
Compu
ters I
Homework problems:
Data set, variables, and sample
Slide 8
This problem analyzes the variable "marital status" [marital] for a subset of the cases in
GSS2000R.Sav. The subset is based on the variable "attitude toward life" [life]. Using an
alpha of .05, is the following statement true, true with caution, false, or an incorrect
application of a statistic?
Previous research on survey respondents who said that they generally find life pretty
routine found that the breakdown for "marital status" was 38.7% in the category 'married',
16.1% in the category 'widowed', 10.8% in the category 'divorced', 5.4% in the category
'separated' and 29.0% in the category 'never married'.
A chi-square test of goodness-of-fit was performed on the variable "marital status and
found that the breakdown in our sample was significantly different from the breakdown
found in previous research.
HINT: Applying the percentage breakdown from previous research to our sample of 93 cases
would result in expected frequencies of 5 in the category 'separated', 15 in the category
'widowed', 10 in the category
'divorced',
27 in the
category 'never married' and 36 in the
The first
two paragraphs
identify:
category 'married'.
True
True with caution
o False
o Incorrect application of a statistic
o
o
Compu
ters I
Homework problems:
Specifications for the test
Slide 9
This problem
analyzes
the variable
"marital status" [marital] for a subset of the cases
The second
paragraph
identifies:
in GSS2000R.Sav. The subset is based on the variable "attitude toward life" [life].
Using an alpha
.05, is the of
following
statement
true,
Theof
breakdown
the categories
found
in true with caution, false, or an
previous research/
incorrect application
of a statistic?
Previous research on survey respondents who said that they generally find life pretty
routine found that the breakdown for "marital status" was 38.7% in the category
'married', 16.1% in the category 'widowed', 10.8% in the category 'divorced', 5.4% in
the category 'separated' and 29.0% in the category 'never married'.
The fourth paragraph provides:
A chi-square
of goodness-of-fit was performed on the variable "marital status"and
atest
hint that computes the expected
found that the
breakdown
in our
sample
was significantly
frequencies that
SPSS
will need
to compute different from the
breakdown found
in
previous
research.
the goodness-of-fit test.
HINT: Applying the percentage breakdown from previous research to our sample of 93
cases would result in expected frequencies of 36 in the category 'married', 15 in the
category 'widowed', 10 in the category 'divorced', 5 in the category 'separated' and 27
in the category 'never married'.
True
o True with caution
o False
o Incorrect application of a statistic
o
ters I
Homework problems:
Choosing an answer
Slide
10
This
the variable "marital status"
[marital]
for a subset
of the cases in
Since
it is legitimate
to use
willproblem
be True analyzes
if the
GSS2000R.Sav.
The
subset
is
based
on
the
variable
"attitude
toward
life"
[life].
Using an
ordinal variables in the chigoodness-of-fit test
alpha
of .05,
isfinding
the following
statement true, true
with goodness-of-fit
caution, false, or
an incorrect
square
test,
supports
the
in
application
of astatement.
statistic?
True with caution is not used
the problem
for these problems.
Previous research on survey respondents who said that they generally find life pretty
routine found that the breakdown for "marital status" was 38.7% in the category 'married',
16.1% in the category 'widowed', 10.8% in the category 'divorced', 5.4% in the category
'separated' and 29.0% in the category 'never married'.
A chi-square test of goodness-of-fit was performed on the variable "marital status" and
found that the breakdown in our sample was significantly different from the breakdown
found in previous research.
The the
answer
to a problem
HINT: Applying
percentage
breakdown from previous research to our sample of 93 cases
will be False if the
would result
in
expected
frequencies
goodness-of-fit test does of 36 in the category 'married', 15 in the category
'widowed',not
10 in
the category
'divorced', 5 in the category 'separated' and 27 in the
support
the finding
category 'never
in themarried'.
problem
statement.
True
o True with caution
o False
o Incorrect application of a statistic
o
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12
Click on
OK to close
the dialog
box.
The Values Labels dialog box shows us the text labels
that the creator of the data set assigned to each of
the possible numeric responses for this variable.
2 = ROUTINE would be the obvious choice to
indicate respondents who said that they generally find
life pretty routine.
This analysis will include cases who have a score of 2
for the variable life.
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First, we highlight
the variable we want
to use, life, in
selecting the subset.
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Click on the OK
button to
complete the
selection of the
subset.
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Select Nonparametric
Tests > Chi-Square
from the Analyze menu.
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Click on the OK
button to
complete the
command.
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No expected
frequencies < 1?
Yes
No
Inappropriate
application of
a statistic
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Probability of the
test statistic less
than alpha?
Yes
True
No
Inappropriate
application of
a statistic
No
False
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This problem analyzes the variable "marital status" [marital] for a subset of the cases
in GSS2000R.Sav. The subset is based on the variable "seen x-rated movie in last year"
[xmovie]. Using an alpha of .01, is the following statement true, true with caution,
false, or an incorrect application of a statistic?
Previous research on survey respondents who had not seen an x-rated movie in the last
year found that the breakdown for "marital status" was 52.2% in the category 'married',
7.4% in the category 'widowed', 11.8% in the category 'divorced', 2.9% in the category
'separated' and 25.7% in the category 'never married'.
A chi-square test of goodness-of-fit was performed on the variable "marital status" and
found that the breakdown in our sample was significantly different from the
breakdown found in previous research.
HINT: Applying the percentage breakdown
from previous
research
to our sample of 136
The answer
to this problem
was false
cases would result in expected frequencies
71probability
in the category
'married', 10 in the
becauseofthe
for the chi-square
test
was
0.15,
greater
than
the
alpha
of
category 'widowed', 16 in the category 'divorced', 4 in the category 'separated'
and 35
0.01.
in the category 'never married'.
1
2
3
4
True
True with caution
False
Incorrect application of a statistic
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In our problem,
the variable had
five categories,
so we change
the default 4 to a
5.
The P(H0) column
contains the frequencies
expected under the null
hypothesis, i.e., stated in
the problem.
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