Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Beijing
A Structural Design Overview
By Peter M. Bach (August, 2008)
Before we start
Will it stand
by itself?
Before we start
Before we start
THIS?!
Topics
General
Project Details
Architecture
Construction Challenges
Diagrid Framing System
Other Structural Features
Miscellaneous Topics
The Other Buildings
Conclusion
Completion
Will
Components:
CCTV
of Forbidden City
Total
Will
site
16%
6%
14%
26%
15%
9%
Administration
Program Offices
News Production
Broadcasting
Program Production
Staff Facilities
Parking
Yellow = Canteens
Dark Blue = Studios
Green = Open Studios
Orange = Lobbies (Tower & Sky)
Pale Green = Broadcasting
Light Blue = Sports & Recreation
Red = VIP Areas
- Lobbies on Ground & Top Floors
- Recreation mainly on bottom
- Elevators in both towers
- Separate Lobby & Elevator for
VIPs
- Two Ground Floor Lobbies
- Continuous Loop through
Towers
- Studios mainly on the lower
Floors
Twisted Donut
The Pants
Architecture
Architecture
Wh
at d
o
you
thin
k
lo
gic
and
be
aut
y
is
def
in
ed
as?
Architecture
The Skyscraper
Concept
Height!
Human Capabilities
Architecture
The CCTVs Concept
Architect:
Rem Koolhaas
China willing to try out new ideas
Everything to do with TV Production is within the CCTV
Building
(An inter-connected loop of inter-connected
activities)
Iconographic Constellation instead of hopeless race for
ultimate
height
As verticality soars, creativity crashes
An Expression of Verticality
Architecture
The Architects
Opinion
Community
combined as opposed to separate
Concentrate
Architecture
The Basic Geometry
Mobius
Construction Challenges
Construction Challenges
What kinds of Challenges will this Project face?
lot steel is used Weight Issues (instability)
Beijing is an Earthquake Prone Area (need
seismic stability)
Every building encounters vertical and lateral
loads
Temperature changes, material deformation
Subsoil Conditions:
Shallow foundation not sufficient
Pore Water present in great amounts
High Settlement Risk
A
Construction Challenges
What kinds of Challenges will this Project face?
Needs
Performance-based
Design Approach
Triangulated
Similar
Triangles
Rings
intersect the nodes
Combines
tube
with a truss
Loads
lateral
be constructed of either:
Steel (most common)
Timber
Reinforced Concrete
Steel
and
compressive strengths
Essentially
and
bracings into one system
Not
Continuous
Rings
Aesthetically
with faade
Floor
Most
form
architectural freedom
Self-reliant
construction crews
Heavy-handed
Material
Must
Finite
Differential
Piles
Piled
joints
Trusses
above
are transferred to these trusses, which subsequently
transfer
loads to the diagrid system
Major
Cores
Slope
(shifted against floor plates)
One
Miscellaneous Topics
Miscellaneous Topics
Construction Procedure
Miscellaneous Topics
Seismic Stability Design
Approach Design for Seismic Stability well
CCTV Performance-based
outside
National Building Codes
Analysis
Level
Miscellaneous Topics
Seismic Stability Design
Approach
Other Research
shows test results depicting Overhang
vertical
displacement with time during an Earthquake
Maximum downward
displacement = 700mm
Tests
Miscellaneous Topics
Dealing with Wind
Wind
Building
Method:
285
North
Southwest
Miscellaneous Topics
Emergency Scenarios
In
Miscellaneous Topics
Emergency Scenarios
(cont.)
Numerous Escape Routes
Looped
Structure an
Advantage
Reduced
Better
Escape Time
Safety
Construction Progress
Latest Pictures of the
Building
Conclusion
Conclusion
Building
height
engineering creativity is better than height
Many
Transfer
Trusses all deemed good solutions
Seismic
References
[1] Carroll, C., Xiaonian, D., Gibbons, C., Lawson, R., Lee, A., Luong, A., Megowan, R., Pope, C., (2006), China Central Television
Headquarters Structural Design, Steel
Structures 6
[2] CB Richard Ellis, (2007), The CCTV Tower: Central Icon of Post-Urban Beijing?, CBRE Research Asia 2007 Issue 1
[3] CCTV Address, China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House, http://www.ckni.net, Last Accessed 25 th May 2008
[4] CCTV by OMA, A+U Architecture & Urbanism July 2005 Special Issue, Tokyo, Japan
[5] China Central Television (CCTV) Headquarters, Design Build Network, http://www.designbuild-network.com/projects/cctv/, Last
Accessed 25th May 2008
[6] Koolhaas, R., (2004), Beijing Manifesto, Wired Issue 8 2004
[7] Lee, S., Nonlinear Dynamic Earthquake Analysis of Skyscrapers, CTBUH 8th World Congress, Dubai 3-5 March 2008
[8] McCain, I., DiaGrid: Structural Efficiency & Increasing Popularity, http://
daapspace4.daap.uc.edu/~larsongr/Larsonline/SkyCaseStu_files/Diagrid.pdf, Last accessed
25th May 2008
[9] OMA New Head Quarters Central Chinese Television, arcSpace.com,
http://www.arcspace.com/architects/koolhaas/chinese_television/, Last Accessed 25th May
2008
[10] Telegraph.co.uk, 2008 Olympics: New Towers for a New Superpower, UK Telegraph,
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2007/12/29/babeijing129.xml, Last Accessed 25th May 2008
[11] Telegraph.co.uk, Chinas ambitious building passes key test, UK Telegraph,
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1572347/China%27s-ambitious-building-passes-key-test.html, Last Accessed 25th May 2008
[12] Xie, J. , To, A., Design-Oriented Wind Engineering Studies New China Central Television Headquarters, Technotes Issue No. 26, RWDI
Questions