PERCEPTION

We dont see things as they

are, we see things as we
are.
We see reality only as
shadows on the rough wall
of a cave.

A process by which individuals

organize and interpret their sensory
impression in order to give meaning
to their environment.
Peoples behavior is based on their
perception of what reality is, not on
reality itself.
The world as it is perceived is the
world that is behaviorally important.

Perception is the process of

receiving information about and
making sense of the world around
us. It involves deciding which
information to notice, how to
categories that information, and how
to interpret it within the framework
of our existing knowledge shape
opinions, decisions and actions.

It is a psychological, cognitive
process by which people select,
organize and interpret sensory
stimuli into meaningful information
about their environment the
manner in which a person
experiences the world a persons
view of reality.
Everyone sees the world through
different eyes.

IMPORTANCE OF
PERCEPTION

Interpersonal Working Relationship

Selection of Employees
Performance Appraisal

SENSATION

PERCEPTION

Sensation is a simple
mental process

Perception is
comparatively a complex
mental process

In sensation the person is

comparatively inactive
In sensation the person
just becomes cauntious of
the quality of stimulus

In perception the person is

more active
In perception the person
derives meaning of the
stimulus

Sensation happens in
initial stage
Sensation may be
described as the response
of physical sensory organ

Perception happens in the

later stage
Perception is something
more then sensation

FACTORS THAT
INFULENCE PERCETION

Inputs

selection

Organisation

Information,
external factors grouping closure
objects, events internal factors
continuity
People, etc.
proximity
similarity

Interpretation
Outputs (response)
Perceptual errors
Behaviour,
actions, Attributions
attitudes, beliefs,
feelings, etc

PERCEPTION INPUTS

The perceiver is attracted to these which

affects the selection of stimuli for
perception along with other variables
affecting selection of stimuli like
perceivers characteristics and situational
variable
When the perceiver interacts with a
stimulus, sensation takes place, which we
have seen earlier, and starts perceptual
process.

PERCEPTUAL
SELECTIVITY

By selection, certain aspects of stimuli

are screened out and other are admitted.
Those which are admitted remain in the
awareness of the people and those which
are screened out fall below the threshold.
This is caused by a variety of factors
which may be grouped into two
categories : external and internal.

EXTERNAL FACTORS IN
PERCEPTUAL SELECTIVITY

SIZE
INTENSITY
REPETITION
NOVELTY AND FAMILIARITY
CONTRAST
MOTION

INTERNAL FACTORS IN
PERCEPTUAL SELECTIVITY

SELF-CONCEPT
BELIEF
EXPECTATION
INNER NEEDS
RESPONSE DISPOSITION
RESPONSE SALIENCE
PERCEPTUAL DEFENCE

PERCEPTUAL
ORGANIZATION

FIGURE GROUND
GROUPING
PROXIMITY
SIMILARITY
SIMPLIFICATION
CLOSURE

Interpretation (Errors)

Perceptual defence
Stereotyping
Halo effect
Projection
Expectancy effects

PERCEPTUAL OUTPUT

COVERT : Attitudes, Motivation,

Feelings
OVERT : Behaviour

THANK YOU