Immunostimulation Effects of Herbal

Bio -Conditioners on Tiger Grouper

(E. fuscoguttatus) Against V.
parahaemolyticus infection
Romi Novriadi1 and KB Haw2
1) Batam Mariculture Development Centre, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Indonesia
2) Engineering Consultant at Aquacultural Fresh and Marine Exploratory,Singapore

Masalah Pada Budidaya Ikan

Kerapu
1. Kematian akibat penyakit, disebabkan oleh :
- Jamur : Ichthyophonus sp
- Bakteri
- Virus
- Parasit

: Vibriosis (including: V. parahaemolyticus) infection,

Pseudomonas infection, Streptococcal infection
Flexibacter infection and Bacterial Gill Diseases
: Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN), Iridovirus
: Protozoans, Monogeneans, Nematodes, Copepods and leeches

2. Degradasi kualitas lingkungan

Toksisitas logam berat, air limbah, pakan yang tidak dikonsumsi, .dsb

New approach :

Aplikasi pengobatan herbal

Apa keuntungan aplikasi herbal pada

akuakultur?

Immune enhancing activity

Help to cure various diseases
Antimicrobiological activities
Mengandung berbagai senyawa aktif seperti: alkaloids, flavonoids,
pigments, phenolics, terpenoids, steroids dan essential oils

Tujuan Studi
Melakukan analisa terhadap pengaruh
aplikasi ekstrak bakau dan ketapang untuk
memperkuat sistem imun dan tingkat
kelulushidupan Kerapu macan (E.
fuscoguttatus) melawan infeksi V.
parahaemolyticus

Studi awal di BPBL Batam

Studi lanjutan di Aquacultural F.A.M.E(s).

Proses Ekstraksi Bahan Herbal

Daun bakau dan ketapang
Dikeringkan
Dihancurkan dengan mechanical grinder (tepung)
Dimasukkan dalam tabung
V distiller
5 gr tepung herbal dilarutkan dalam 50 mL
methanol
acetonselama 48 jam (100 rpm)
Ekstraksi dan
dilakukan
Larutan ekstraksi
(+) osmoregulatory salt: CaCO3, MgSO4, KCl
Evaporasi (40-72 C)
Crude extract

Experimental design
291 C using
thermostatic heater
0

1-2 cm of Tiger grouper

Air stone
Artemia

Feeder

Inlet

Exchanged
50%/day

Density:
3 fish/L

DO > 5 mg/L

NH4-N, NO2-N, and

NO3-N were
measured
every two days

Outlet

Bio-security

175 L saline water

(30 mg/L)

Experimental Design (Bacterial

Culture)
Bacterial
Culture 150 l of bacteria
strain aseptically
inoculated in 30 ml
marine broth
Incubated
overnight
at 250-280 C

Axenity
Verification
100
l

Bacteria as
feed
Autoclaved at 121 C and 15 psi
for 20 minutes
Challenge
bacteria
150 l was
subsequently
transferred and grown
again in 30 ml of
marine broth 6 hours
before challenge
5 days
incubation

Density
Measurement
at 550 nm

Experimental Design
1-2 cm of
Tiger
grouper

Conditioning for
6 h with 0.05 g/L
AquaHerb

Washing

Control: Exposed
to sea water for
6h
1. Survival (%)
2. Immune response

Medication
(AquaHerb
Immersion) 0.05
g/L

72h
72h
72h

6h
12 h
24 h

Challenged with Vibrio

parahaemolyticus (105
cells/ml)

Survival Percentage (%)

e
c

Fig 1: Histogram of the mean survival (%) of tiger grouper challenged with V. parahaemolyticus at 105 cells/ml.
Survival was scored at 72 hours after AquaHerb immersion and the addition of V. parahaemolyticus for the challenge.
Each experiment was repeated twice and similar results were observed. Significant differences among the treatments
and control at corresponding time of herbal exposure are indicated by different letter ( p< 0.05).

Immune Response: Leukocytes

a
b

c
cd

cd

cd
d

Immune Response: Monocytes (%)

ab
b
b

ab
b

ab

ab
b

Immune Response: Lymphocyte (%)

ab

ab
b

ab
b

a
b

Immune Response: Neutrophile (%)

ab

ab

ab
bc

bc

b
c

Conclusion
1. Herbal Bio Conditioners merupakan senyawa dan teknik
immunostimulan yang baik dan mampu meningkatkan
kelulushidupan kerapu macan melawan infeksi Vibrio
parahaemolyticus
2. Herbal Bio Conditioners mampu meningkatkan parameter
imun pada ikan kerapu macan (Leukocytes, Monocytes,
Lymphocyte and Neutrophile)

Further Research
Perlu dilakukan analisa sistem imun spesifik dan non-spesifik
lainnya sebagai dampak aplikasi Herbal Bio Conditioners serta
perlakuan aplikasi herbal untuk waktu yang lebih lama
Immunosupression ????

TERIMA
KASIH
Prevention is Better Than
Cure
Lancang kuning lancang
pusaka
Nampak dari Tanjung Puan
Kalau Antibiotik jadi Petaka