2004 Gammon Construction Limited.

All Rights Reserved

Tsinghau Lecture
Design for Safety

Ian Askew, General Manager

10 May 2012

Lambeth Associates

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Fatality statistics by region

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Challenge traditional thinking in

roles and responsibilities of project
stakeholders

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Hazards leading to 60% of

construction accidents could have
been designed-out

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

(ref. European Foundation for the Improvement in Living and Working Conditions)

Designers.do not underestimate

your input to safer construction

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Maximize open excavation

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Maximize working space

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

not like this.

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

or this.

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

or this.

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Standardizemake it repetitive
keep it simple!

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Engineer-out, as far as possible, need for

workers to enter deep excavations

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

The Challenge
Existing Seawall

Marina Bay in the 1950s

Rock Armour up to 8T

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Designing out risk.deep

Cofferdam
excavations
N

Dredge

Soil Conditions
60 - 80m
(m)
+105

Existing
Ground Level

+100

Fill
+90

Seawall
Marine Clay

+80

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Kallang Alluvial
+70

Marine Clay

+60

Old Alluvium (N value > 100)

+50

40m

Typical Cofferdam Wall

Arrangement
2.1m

Excavation Face

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Sheetpile & TAM Pipes

Excavation level
+84mPD

1.8m & 1.5m Dia. Steel

Casing
Top of Old Alluvium

+80mPD

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Removal Method Stage 1

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Removal
Method Stage
2

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Removal Method Stage 3

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Removal Method Stage 4

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Excavation Method Stage

5

Design-in robustness
Redundancy for the case
of one strut failure

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Strutting designed for an

impact force of 25kN
Moveable deflection panels to
be provided during grab
operation for added
protection
Protection
barrier

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Maximize offsite prefabrication of

support elementsmodularize

Fabrication of Megatruss Struts

Campaign feedback from

frontline workers on buildability
Concrete waling

Concrete fill

Void
former

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Strut

Waling Detail
(Before)

Concrete fill

Concrete
waling

Waling Detail
(Improved for Demolition)

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Designing out risk.we need fresh

thinking!!

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Designing out risk.make it less

labour intensive

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Designing out risk.make it less

labour intensive

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Designing out risk.make it less

labour intensive

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Designing out risk.make it less

labour intensive

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Communicating design intent

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Isometric views

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Isometric views

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Harnessing technology.BIM

Hennessy Centre, Hong Kong

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

and.Google Sketch-up.WIL 704

Hennessy Centre, Hong Kong

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

and.Google Sketch-upAustin Station

Hennessy Centre, Hong Kong

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

.QR codes
..design drawings to 3-D visualizations

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

To avoid this.

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

and this.

Work procedure drawings

pictorial and
illustrative in a

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

language workers
understand at a
glance

Work procedure drawings

each
sequential
step in the

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

erection and
dismantling
process

hold points where

validation, testing,
and/or certification of
the erected structure to
take up load or to
undergo a change in
loading is required

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Pictorial method statements

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Pictorial method statements

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Identifying residual risks

Worker access and egress

Temporary
Walkway
Top Railing
Steel Post

Diaphragm Wall

Kick Board
Concrete Packing

Temporary
Shoring
Struts

Steel Bracket

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Waling

Temporary
Staircase

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Managing field changes

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Managing field changes

Original Design
As-Built

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

Temporary works control

enforcing temporary works
procedures
improving traceability and
transparency
encouraging communication
between design and
construction team

2004 Gammon Construction Limited. All Rights Reserved

The objective .