Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Bahrudin, SpS
Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
TOPICS
Pain
PROTECTION
Definitions
Injury
Transduction
Transmission
Modulation
Perception
Interpretation
Behavior
Brain
Descending
Pathway
Peripheral
Nerve
Dorsal
Root
Ganglion
Ascending
Pathways
C-Fiber
A-beta Fiber
A-delta Fiber
Dorsal
Horn
Spinal Cord
Adapted with permission from WebMD Scientific American Medicine.
Peripheral Mechanisme
of Pain
Nociceptive
Pain
Caused by activity in
neural pathways in
response to potentially
tissue-damaging stimuli
Caused by a
combination of both
primary injury and
secondary effects
Neuropathic
Pain
Initiated or caused by
primary lesion or
dysfunction in the
nervous system
CRPS*
Postoperative
pain
Arthritis
Mechanical
low back pain
Sickle cell
crisis
Sports/exercise
injuries
Postherpetic
neuralgia
Trigeminal
neuralgia
Neuropathic
low back pain
Distal
polyneuropathy
(eg, diabetic, HIV)
Bone pain:
This is usually deep, penetrating, or dull. It
most commonly results from injury.
Anita HoldcroftAnita Holdcroft, CORE TOPICS IN PAIN, Cambridge University Press 2005
Anita HoldcroftAnita Holdcroft, CORE TOPICS IN PAIN, Cambridge University Press 2005
How is musculoskeletal
pain diagnosed?
Medical
history.
Examination looking for the source of the pain.
These may include:
Blood tests to confirm a diagnosis, such as rheumatoid
arthritis
X-rays to take images of the bones
CT scans to get an even more detailed look at the bones
MRIs to look at soft tissues such as muscles, cartilage,
ligaments, and tendons
Based on the findings from your examination and the
results of these tests,
How is musculoskeletal
pain
treated?
Musculoskeletal pain is best treated by treating its cause.
1. Physical or occupational therapy
CON'T
2. Midications
Injections with anesthetic or anti-inflammatory medications in
3. Operative