Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SENTENCES
3 MAIN TYPES:
First, second and third
conditional
First Conditional
If I see Andrew at the meeting, I'll give him your message.
PRESENT SIMPLE
FUTURE SIMPLE
Second Conditional
(Hypothetical)
WOULD + INFINITIVE
Third Conditional
If she had worked harder, she would have passed her exams.
PAST PERFECT
USE:
USE To talk about something that might have happened
in the past, but didn`t. She didn`t work hard enough
and, consequently, she didn`t pass her exams.
It also expresses excuses, regrets and blame for past
events.
PRESENT SIMPLE
Conditional Sentences:
Variations in tenses
First Conditional: The if clause is usually in the present
simple. However, we can also use:
Present continuous:
If he's still waiting for you, he'll be very angry.
Future continuous:
If we book this holiday, we'll be lying on the beach in two weeks` time.
Future perfect:
If they win the next match, they'll have won every match in the season.
Imperative:
If you need me, call me.
Tense variations in
conditional 2
Could
If I could have the day off, I`d go with you.
MIXEDCONDITIONALS
MIXEDC
If-clauses can be mixed provided that they make sense within a context.
Type 3
Type 2
Type2
If-clause
Main clause
If I were faster,
Type 3
Type 1
On condition
(that)
Provided /
providing
(that)
Assuming
(that)
I`ll lend you the car provided that you take care
of it.
In questions.
Suppose /
supposing (that)
What if
Imagine
IMPLIED CONDITIONALS
Conditions are not always expressed in the form of
conditional clauses, particularly in spoken English.
They can be expressed in another way or they
may be evident from the context. The rules for the
verb usage are still followed in the result clause
(main clause).
He committed the crime, otherwise he wouldnt have been
arrested. (implied conditional)
If he hadnt committed the crime, he wouldnt have been arrested.
Inversion
If the first verb in a conditional if clause is
should, were or had, we can leave out if and
put the verb at the start of the clause. We do
this particularly in formal or literary English.
Polite requests
We can use if will in requests:
o If you will take your seats, ladies and gentlemen,
we can begin the meeting.