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History
First WiFi
Vic Hayes
Father of WiFi
Helped design IEEE 802.11b, 802.11a and 802.11g
MAC Protocol
MAC
Network-Level Architecture
First
standardized in 1997
Meet great success starting in 1999
Several
IEEE
working groups
band
802.11b/g: high speed extension to the 2.4GHz band
802.11e: Quality of service (QoS) enhancement (still
active)
802.11i: Security enhancement
802.11s: Mesh-networking support
7
Slide taken from: http://www.cse.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe257/Spring05/lecture/lecture3.pdf#search='802.11e%20MAC%20protocol%2C%20powerpoint
Protocols
Protocols
Release
Date
Op.
Frequency
Date Rate
(Typ)
Date Rate
(Max)
Range
(indoor)
Legacy
1997
1 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s
802.11a
1999
5.15-5.35/5.475.725/5.7255.875 GHz
25 Mbit/s
54 Mbit/s
~30 meters
(~100 feet)
802.11b
1999
6.5 Mbit/s
11 Mbit/s
~50 meters
(~150 feet)
802.11g
2003
11 Mbit/s
54 Mbit/s
~30 meters
(~100 feet)
802.11n
2006 (draft)
200 Mbit/s
540 Mbit/s
~50 meters
(~160 feet)
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Protocols
The original 1 Mbit/s and 2 Mbit/s , 2.4 GHz RF and IR standard (1999)
IEEE 802.11a
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11c
IEEE 802.11d
IEEE 802.11e
IEEE 802.11f
IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11h
IEEE 802.11i
IEEE 802.11j
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IEEE 802.11l
IEEE 802.11m
IEEE 802.11n
Higher throughput improvements using MIMO (multiple input, multiple output antennas)
IEEE 802.11o
IEEE 802.11p
WAVE - Wireless Access for the Vehicular Environment (such as ambulances and passenger
cars)
IEEE 802.11q
(reserved and will not be used, can be confused with 802.1Q VLAN trunking)
IEEE 802.11r
IEEE 802.11s
IEEE 802.11T
IEEE 802.11u
IEEE 802.11v
IEEE 802.11w
IEEE 802.11x
IEEE 802.11y
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Slide taken from: http://www.cse.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe257/Spring05/lecture/lecture3.pdf#search='802.11e%20MAC%20protocol%2C%20powerpoint
MAC in Detail
Channel
access mechanism
Distributed
Carrier
Point
Polled
13
CSMA/CA Explained
14
15
CSMA/CD
CSMA stands
Access
CD stands for Collision Detection
Allows for Retransmission Back-Off
16
Frame Formats
MAC
Control
18
Addr
Addr
19
Applications
Wireless Access
Point (WAP)
Wireless Routers
Wireless Ethernet Bridge
Range Extender
20
Gaming Applications
Nintendo
DS
Sony PSP
Xbox 360
Playstation 3
Nintendo Wii
21
by other devices
High power consumption
When setup the network defaults to open
mode
Large area coverage
22
Security Issues
WEP encryption
is breakable
Spoofing authorized MAC addresses
Wardriving and Warchalking
23
References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Wi-Fi_logo.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi
http://www.tate.org.uk/liverpool/ima/rm5/images/cashier_lg.jpg
http://www.art-events.de/systeme/images/wlan3.jpeg
http://www.aria.co.uk/mainimages/wpn802a.jpg
http://media.pugetsoundsoftware.com/ask-leo.com/images/wireless2bad.png
http://www.circuitcity.com/IMAGE/product/detail/dlk/EC.DLK.DWLG710.JPG
http://www.wsdmag.com/Files/32/8624/Figure_01.gif
http://www.os2warp.be/wireless/wireless_comparison.jpg
http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/50th/IEEE.logo.GIF
http://tab.computer.org/tcca/images/ieee.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bd/Blue_infrared_light.jpg/300px-Blue_infrared_light.jpg
https://weather.unisys.com/satellite/images/sat_ir_us.gif
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11#802.11_legacy
http://microwave.gotovim.ru/pics/microvawe.jpg
http://reviews.cnet.com/i/qg/tvpc/power_tv.jpg
http://acni.dnsalias.net/sites/batist/Picture%20Library/1/Open-door.jpg
http://www.cse.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe257/Spring05/lecture/lecture3.pdf#search='802.11e%20MAC%20protocol
%2C%20powerpoint
http://www.ece.cmu.edu/~cpyue/PatrickWebFiles/AR5110.jpg
http://www.personaltelco.net/albums/album26/DSC00152.jpg
http://www.blurtek.com/uploaded_images/belkin-n-726511.jpg
http://www.erg.abdn.ac.uk/users/gorry/eg3561/dl-pages/crc.html
http://www.erg.abdn.ac.uk/users/gorry/eg3561/lan-pages/csma-cd.html
http://www.erg.abdn.ac.uk/users/gorry/eg3561/lan-pages/mac.html
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http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/9858/31043/01443506.pdf