Introduction:

Slopes either occur naturally or are engineered by humans.

An understanding of geology, hydrology, and soil properties is

central to applying slope stability principles properly.

Analyses must be based upon a model that accurately

represents site
applied loads.

Type of Analysis

surface conditions, ground behavior, and

Aim of slope

Assess the stability of slopes under short-term

Assess the possibility of slope failure / satbility

Understand failure mechanisms and the influence

Enable the redesign of failed slopes and the planning and design

The effect of seismic loadings on slopes

Safe and economic design of excavations, embankments, earth

dams, landfills, and spoil heaps .

FACTORS AFFECTING SLOPE FAILURE

Introduction
Geological discontinuities
Effect of Water
Geotechnical Properties of Material
Mining Methods
State of stress
Geometry slope:
Temperature
Erosion
Seismic effect
Vegetation

TYPES OF ROCK SLOPE FAILURE

Introduction
Plane failure
Wedge Failure:
Toppling failure
Rockfalls
Rotational Failure

Rock Slope Stability Analysis: Limit

Equilibrium Method
Planar Failure Analysis
Sliding analysis of a block
Plane failure analysis along a discontinuity
Water is filled in discontinuities
Tension crack present in the upper slope surface
Tension crack present in the slope surface
The tension crack is filled with water with upper
slope angle
Effect of rock bolts
Wedge Failure Analysis
Analysis of wedge failure considering only
frictional resistance
Analysis of wedge failure with cohesion and
friction angle
Toppling Failure Analysis
Kinematics of block toppling failure
Limit equilibrium analysis for toppling failure
Stability analysis of flexural toppling

CIRCULAR FAILURE ANALYSIS

Introduction
Stability analysis of slope
Stability analysis for Cohesionless Soil
Total Stress Analysis (Swedish slip circle
method)
Ordinary slip circle method
Bishops Simplified Method of Slices
General Method of slices

SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS BY NUMERICAL

MODELLING
Introduction
Continuum modeling
Discontinuum Modeling
Hybrid approach
Important considerations
Continuum versus discontinuum models
Selecting appropriate zone size
Initial conditions
Boundary conditions
Water pressure
Excavation sequence
Important failure indicators in slope analysis
Factor of Safety
Unbalanced Force
Gridpoint Velocities
Plastic Indicators
Displacement
Failure Surface

STABILITY ANALYSIS IN PRESENCE OF

WATER
Introduction
Common terms used in simulation of water
Important Geotechnical properties related to water
Permeability
Hydraulic Conductivity
Factor affecting soil permeability and hydraulic
conductivity
Matrix suction
Consistency of soil
Pore Pressures
Infiltration
Rainfall Infiltration Model.
Simulation of water

SEISMIC ANALYSIS
Introduction
Types of seismic wave
Dynamic Soil Properties
Field Measurements of Dynamic
Modulus
Ground Motion Estimates
Factors Affecting Ground Motion:
Simulation of seismic effect
Pseudo-static approach
Wedge Method
Method of Slices
Inertia Slope Stability Newmark
Method

SLOPE STABILIZATION
Introduction
Removal And Repair
Excavation & repair
Catchment & Wire Netting
Grading & Serrating
Benching
Resloping and unloading
Lightweight Fill
Counterberms
Trimming
Shear Keys
Scaling
Drainage and Water Control
Surface Drainage
Subsurface Drainage

Stabilization Through Support

Steel reinforcement
Rock anchor
Rock Bolts
Rock Dowels
Soil Nailing
Piles
Geosynthetic Reinforcement
Retaining Walls
Gravity Walls
Cantilever Retaining Walls
Sheet Piling Retaining Walls
Anchored retaining wall
Gabions
Other Methods For Stabilization
Grouting and Shotcrete
Vegetation

SLOPE MONITORING: TECHNIQUES AND

INSTRUMENTS
Introduction
Slope failure mechanism
Types of Slope Movement
Initial response
Regressive and progressive
movement
Long-term creep

Sub-Surface Monitoring Methods

Borehole probes
Timedomain reflectometry
Inclinometers
Extensometers

Measurement of water level and

pressure
Standpipe Piezometer
Pneumatic Piezometer
Vibrating Wire Piezometer
Surface Monitoring Methods
Crack Monitors
Surveying
Photographic Image Analysis
Total Station
Global positioning system (GPS)
Acoustic emission technique
Laser image scanning system
Slope Stability Radar system
Synthetic aperture radar

landslides
Introduction
Slope Failure
Slumps
Rock Falls and Debris Falls
Rock and Debris Slides
Sediment Flows
Solifluction
Debris Flows
Mudflows
Creeps
Earthflows
Debris Avalanches
Historical landslides (wiki )
Major factors affecting landslides

Mine Waste Dump

Introduction
Method of Construction in lift section
Methods of Stability Calculation
Shear Strength of dump material
Particle shape, roundness and grain surface
texture
Effect of moisture condition on shear strength
Factors Affecting Dump Stability
Dump Configuration
Foundation Conditions
Dump Material Properties
Dumping method
Dumping Rate
Seismicity and Dynamic Stability
Topography
Dump drainage

Material properties and testing

Bulk Gradation
Plasticity of Fines
Index Properties and
Classification
Hydraulic Conductivity
Consolidation
Strength
Mineralogy and Soil Chemistry
In Situ Density
Compaction

Tailing Dam
Failure Modes in tailing dams
Rotational Sliding
Foundation Failure
Overtopping
Erosion
Piping
Tailings Impoundment Design
Mill Location
Topography
Geology and Ground Water
Tailings impoundments
Tailings storage facilities
Methods for Tailings Disposal
Upstream Method
Downstream Method
Centerline Method

Sensitivity, probability and reliability

analysis

Sensitivity Analysis
Probabilistic Design Methods
Reliability Analysis

Classification systems in slope stability

analysis

General
Slope Mass Rating (SMR)
Chinese Slope Mass Rating System
(CSMR)
Rock slope rating (RSR)
Slope stability rating (SSR) classification
system
Dump mass rating

Introduction of softcomputing approach in

slope stability

Artificial Neural Network

Fuzzy Inference System