Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Julian Dyke
Independent Consultant
Web Version - October 2008
1
juliandyke.com
Agenda
Virtualization
Oracle VM
Oracle VM Server
Oracle VM Agent
Oracle VM Manager
juliandyke.com
Virtualization
juliandyke.com
Virtualization
Overview
Benefits include:
Cost of ownership
Hardware
Licensing
Power
Cooling
Space
Functionality
High Availability
Resource Management
Cloning
Migration
juliandyke.com
Virtualization
Types of Virtualization
Hardware
Partitions
Operating System
Partitions
Physical Partitions
Partitions
Binary Translation
- Physically isolated
- Native hardware speed
- Dedicated resources
Virtual Partitions
- Online Add / Remove
- Near native hardware speed
- Shared I/O
Shared Partitions
Para-Virtualization
- Special O/S Build
- Any hardware/ Linux
- Faster
Hardware Virtualization
- Early support (Intel / AMD)
- Any O/S
- Will be fastest
- Shared CPU
- Dynamic CPU cycle allocation
Virtual
Machines
Solaris
X86 / X86-64
juliandyke.com
Virtualization
Supported Platforms
VENDO
R
Oracle
HP
IBM
SUN
1
2
3
4
Product
Virtualization
Type
Processor
Platform
Operating
System(s)
Hard
Partition
Licensing
Basic
Support
Live
Migration
DB
RAC
DB
RAC
X86
Linux,
Windows
Pinned only
Yes
Yes
Yes
Test
Physical Partition
IA, PA
HP-UX
Yes
Yes
Yes
N/A
N/A
vPar
Virtual Partition
IA, PA
HP-UX
Yes
Yes
Yes
N/A
N/A
Virtual Machine
IA
HP-UX
Capped only
Yes
No
N/A
N/A
LPAR
Virtual Partition
Power
AIX
Yes
Yes
Yes
N/A
N/A
dLPAR
Virtual Partition
Power
AIX
Yes
Yes
Yes
Test
Test
Micro-partitions
Shared Partition
Power
AIX
Capped only
Yes
Yes
Test
Test
VIO4
Shared storage
Power
N/A
N/A
Yes
Yes
N/A
N/A
WPAR
OS Partition
Power
AIX
No
Test
No
Test
No
zVM
Shared Partition
zSeries
Linux
No
Yes
No
N/A
N/A
Sparc
Solaris
Yes
Yes
Yes
N/A
N/A
Logical Domains
Virtual Partition
Sparc
Solaris
No
Test
Test
N/A
N/A
Solaris Containers
OS Partition
Sparc
Solaris
Capped only
Yes
No
N/A
N/A
nPar
juliandyke.com
Virtualization
Certified Application Server Platforms
The following virtualized platforms are certified for Oracle Application Server
Operating System
Oracle VM
Oracle VM
IBM LPAR
IBM LPAR
HP HP/UX PA RISC
nPar, vPar
HP HP/UX Itanium
nPar, vPar
HP Linux Itanium
nPar
HP Windows Itanium
nPar
On Solaris both global and local zones/containers are supported, but LDOMs are not supported
See http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/ias/hi_av/oracleas_supported_virtualization.html
juliandyke.com
VMware
Oracle Support Status
See Metalink Note 249212.1 - Support Position for Oracle Products running on
VMware virtualized environments for more details
juliandyke.com
Virtualization
Hypervisor-Based Virtualization
Applications
Applications
Guest OS
Guest OS
Guest VM
Guest VM
Hypervisor
Memory
I/O
Network
juliandyke.com
Xen Hypervisor
Overview
Xen hypervisor
Small, lightweight, software virtual machine monitor
Supports x86 and x86-64 only
Executes multiple virtual machines on one physical system
Each virtual machine has its own guest operating system
Originally developed at Cambridge University
Now open source
Included in
Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.0 and above
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.0 and above
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Overview
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Overview
Consists of
Open Source server software
integrated Web browser-based management console
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Virtual Machines
VMs
exist on same physical server
behave like independent physical servers
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Components
Oracle VM Server
Self-contained virtualization environment
Provides lightweight, secure, server-based platform forrunning VMs
Based on updated version of Xen hypervisor technology
Includes Oracle VM Agent
Oracle VM Agent
Installed with Oracle VM Server
Communicates with Oracle VM Manager for management of virtual
machines
Oracle VM Manager
Provides user interface to manage Oracle VM servers and resources
Standard Application Development Framework (ADF) web applications
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Architecture
Oracle VM Manager
Web Browser-based User Interface
Java-based Management Server
Oracle VM
Manager
Repository
Oracle VM Server
OracleVM
Agent
dom0
domU
domU
domU
Hypervisor
Host Hardware CPU, Network, Memory, Disk
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Supported Hardware
Oracle VM requirements
32 bit or 64 bit host
i686-class processor
all Intel Pentium Pro or newer models
Intel Pentium 4 recommended as a minimum
all AMD Athlon/Duron processors or newer models
AMD Athlon recommended as a minimum
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Supported Guest Operating Systems
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Product Certification
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Product Certification
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Oracle Single Instance Database Support
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Oracle RAC Database Support
Oracle Recommendations
Each RAC node should be deployed on a different physical server
Use physical block devices for database files
Do not over-commit CPUs
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Oracle RAC Database Support
Resource Management
Control amount of CPU and memory used by each instance
Cloning
For development, test and pre-production
Migration
Move instance from one node to another
Hardware must currently be identical
Live Migration
Not supported with RAC
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Oracle Support Costs
Installable binaries
(both server and manager)
Free
Free
$599
$1,199
$1,797
$3,597
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Server
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Installation
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Installation
Start
End
Size
Type
Mount
Point
hdb1
13
101M
ext3
/boot
hbb2
14
485
3074M
ext3
hdb3
486
9598
72112M
ocfs2
/OVS
hdb4
9599
9729
1027M
Extended
hdb5
9599
9729
1027M
swap
/dev/hdb
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Virtualization Types
Para virtualization
Requires virtualization aware kernel
Available in Enterprise Linux 4 and 5 (Oracle and Red Hat)
Currently best performance
Hardware virtualization
Can run unmodified kernels e.g Enterprise Linux 3, Windows etc
Requires virtualization aware CPUs
Virtualization must be enabled in BIOS
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Hardware Virtualization
When these are available hardware virtualization will be faster then paravirtualization
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Hardware Virtualization
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Paravirtualization
default=0
timeout=5
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
title Enterprise Linux (2.6.18-8.el5xen)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-8.el5xen ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
console=xvc0 rhgb quiet
initrd /initrd-2.6.18-8.el5xen.img
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Installation
: 6
: 15
: Intel(R) Pentium(R) Dual
CPU
E2160
@ 1.80GHz
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Installation
: 6
: 15
: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Dual
CPU
X5355
@ 2.66GHz
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Xen Configuration
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
OCFS2 Configuration
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
OVS Configuration
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Shared Storage
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Guest Installation
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Guest Installation
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Guest Installation using NFS
[ OK ]
[
[
[
[
]
]
]
]
OK
OK
OK
OK
[
[
[
OK
OK
OK
]
]
]
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Guest Installation using NFS
[root@server11]# exportfs
/el
<world>
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Guest Installation using NFS
[root@server11]# cd /media/iso
[root@server11]# cp -var * /media/iso
[root@server11]# cd
[root@server11]# umount /media/iso
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
virt-install
The virt-install can be executed by the root user either interactively or using
arguments
For example interactively (as root)
[root@server11]# virt-install
What is the name of your virtual machine? guest1
How much RAM should be allocated (in megabytes?) 512
What would you like to use as the disk (path)? /OVS/running_pool/guest1
How large would you like the disk (/OVS/running_pool/guest1) to be
(in gigabytes)? 5
Would you like to enable graphics support? (yes or no) yes
What is the install location? nfs:server11:/el
Using arguments:
[root@server11]# virt-install \
--name guest1 \
--ram=512 \
--file=/OVS/running_pool/guest1 \
--file-size=5 \
--location=nfs:192.168.2.111:/el \
--nographics
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
virt-install
During installation of Enterprise Linux guest you will be prompted for a TCP/IP
configuration
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
virt-install
See Metalink Note 466563.1 - Oracle VM: First Boot after Installation of Guest OS Fails with Text Console
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
Xen Configuration
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
xm utility
To start a VM
[root@server11]# xm create -c /etc/xen/guest1
To shutdown a VM
[root@server11]# xm shutdown guest1
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
xm utility
ID
0
9
10
Mem VCPUs
468
2
256
1
256
1
State
r-----b----b----
Time(s)
254.1
19.7
16.0
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Server
xentop utility
Similar to top
Same as xm top
Executed from dom0
Shows current state of all domains including dom0 and guests
For example
xentop - 10:23:58
Xen 3.1.4
3 domains: 1 running, 2 blocked, 0 paused, 0 crashed, 0 dying, 0 shutdown
Mem: 1037820k total, 1034928k used, 2892k free
CPUs: 2 @ 1800MHz
NAME STATE
CPU(sec) CPU(%)
MEM(k) MEM(%) MAXMEM(k) MAXMEM(%) VCPUS
NETS NETTX(k) NETRX(k) VBDS
VBD_OO
VBD_RD
VBD_WR SSID
Domain-0 -----r
256
0.3
479232
46.2
no limit
n/a
2
8 1358489
9219
0
0
0
0
0
guest1 --b--20
0.1
262144
25.3
262144
25.3
1
1
6
9
1
0
3295
1834
0
guest2 --b--21
0.1
262144
25.3
262144
25.3
1
1
7
0
1
0
3240
1727
0
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Agent
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Agent
Management
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Manager
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Overview
Oracle VM Manager
Provides user interface to manage Oracle VM servers
Standard Application Development Framework (ADF) web applications
Manages VM lifecycle
Creates VMs
from installation media
from VM templates
Deletes VMs
Power On / Off VMs
Uploads VMs
High Availability Deployment
Live migration
Dynamic Resource Management
CPU, memory etc
Static Resource Management
ISO files, VM templates etc
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Installation
Run installer
[root@server12 ~]# /mnt/runInstaller.sh
Welcome to Oracle VM Manager 2.1.2
Please enter the choice: [1|2|3]
1. Install Oracle VM Manager
2. Uninstall Oracle VM Manager
3. Upgrade Oracle VM Manager
Starting Oracle VM Manager 2.1.2 installation ...
Do you want to install a new database or use an
existing one? [1|2]
1. Install a new Oracle XE database on localhost
2. Use an existing Oracle database in my network
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Starting and Stopping VM Manager
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Accessing VM Manager
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Server Pools
VMs can be started on any server in the pool that is available and has
resources free
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Server Pools
Oracle VM Manager
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
Server Pool 1
VM
VM
VM
Server Pool 2
Oracle
Oracle
Oracle
Oracle
Oracle
VM
Server
VM
Server
VM
Server
VM
Server
VM
Server
Shared
Storage
VM
Shared
Storage
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Server Pool Roles
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Server Pool Master Agent
Each Server Pool has one (and only one) Server Pool Master Agent
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Utility Server
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Server Pool Configuration
After installation Oracle VM Manager will automatically run the Server Pool
Wizard
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Server Pool Configuration
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Server Pool Configuration
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Server Pool Configuration
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Templates
Oracle supplies some templates which can be used to rapidly create VMs
Operating system templates available in September 2008 included:
Template
Kernel
VCPU
s
RAM(GB)
OVM_EL4U5_X86-HVM-10GB
2.6.955.0.1.2.100.1.ELsmp
10
OVM_EL4U5_X86_64-HVM-10GB
2.6.955.0.1.2.100.1.ELsmp
10
OVM_EL4U5_X86-HVM-4GB
2.6.955.0.1.2.100.1.ELsmp
OVM_EL4U5_X86_64-HVM-4GB
2.6.955.0.1.2.100.1.ELsmp
OVM_EL4U5_X86-PVM-10GB
2.6.9-55.0.1.2.9.1.ELxenU
10
OVM_EL4U5_X86-PVM-4GB
2.6.9-55.0.1.2.9.1.ELxenU
OVM_EL5_X86_64_HVM_10GB
2.6.18-8.1.15.100.1.el5
10
OVM_EL5_X86_64_HVM_4GB
2.6.18-8.1.15.100.1.el5
OVM_EL5U1_X86_64_HVM_10GB
2.6.18-53.0.0.100.1.el5
10
OVM_EL5U1_X86_64_HVM_4GB
2.6.18-53.0.0.100.1.el5
OVM_EL5U1_X86_64_PVM_10GB
2.6.18-53.1.4.9.1.el5xen
10
OVM_EL5U1_X86_64_HVM_4GB
2.6.18-53.1.4.9.1.el5xen
2.6.9-55.0.12.100.1.ELsmp
OVM_EL4U5_X86_HVM_ORACLE_11G
2008
Julian Dyke
Storage(GB)
1
4
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Guest VM Creation
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Guest VM Creation
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Guest VM Creation
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Guest VM Creation
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Guest VM Creation
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Guest VM Creation
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM Manager
Templates
See Metalink Note 551261.1 - Oracle VM Guest Templates for Oracle Enterprise
Linux
juliandyke.com
Oracle VM
Conclusions
Promising technology
Full hardware virtualization should be very impressive
Could be really useful for High Availability
juliandyke.com
References
http://www.oracle.com/technologies/virtualization/index.html
http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/vm.html
http://wiki.oracle.com/page/Oracle+VM
juliandyke.com
Acknowledgements
Thanks to the following for their assistance with the development of this
presentation:
info@juliandyke.com
7
juliandyke.com