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Tutorial- 4
Page : 1
Problem 4.1:
A base station is transmitting 100 W at 1200 MHz with an antenna gain of 10 dB.
1.
Compute the received power in dBm at the mobile site assuming a two- ray propagation
model for the geometry shown below. The mobile antenna gain is 10 dB. L=2
Base station
mobile
30m
2.
20 km
5m
tower
Base station
30m
1 km
55m
19 km
mobile
5m
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Solution 4.1:
1. Two Ray (Ground Reflection) Model
Wavelength (in m) = c/f = 0.25m (c= 3 . 108 m/s)
Gt = transmitter antenna gain = 10 dB = 10.
Gr = receiver antenna gain = 10 dB = 10.
ht = transmitter height = 30m
hr = receiver height = 5m
d = transmitter-receiver separation distance = 20,000m
f = transmitter frequency = 1200 MHz
P G G h h
Pr t t r 4 t r
d
2
2
100 10 10 30 5
Pr
20, 000 4
Check ?
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55 m
30 m
5m
1 km
19 km
55 30
0.025 0.0244 rad
1,000
50
tan
0.00263 0.00263 rad
19,000
tan
25 m
1 km
50 m
19 km
2 d1 d 2
2 1,000 19,000
0.02763
2.4
d1 d 2
0.25 20,000
0.225
20.56dB
2
.
4
Gd 20 log
Received power after the tower: Pr(dBm) = Pr(dBm) + Gd = -58.06 dBm 20.56 = -73.62 dBm
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Problem 4-2:
Solution 4-2:
Page : 5
Solution 4-2:
Rant=50
Pr
R=Rant=50
Antenna
Vant=V
Cellular & Wireless Networks
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Problem 4-3:
A police care driving at a speed of 150 km/h on the highway is tracking a car
with mobile station transmitting at carrier frequency of 900 MHz. The police
receiver was able to measure a Doppler frequency shift of -75 Hz.
1. What is the speed of the tracked car?
2. When would the police radar lose connection to the tracked car if the radar
receiver sensitivity is 90 dBm and the first tracked signal power was 70
dBm at a distance of 100 m from the tracked car.
Assume that the following long distance path loss model is valid for this
propagation: Pr(d) = Pr(d0) (d0/d)2
Assume also that both cars have a constant speed all the time.
Mobile station
Police Radar
Vp=150 Km/h
V=?
100m
Technical University of Braunschweig
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Solution 4-3:
1. = 300/900 = 1/3 m, Doppler frequency shift f =v cos / , =0 degree
Relative speed is v = f = 1/3 x 75 = 25 m/s.
25 m/s = 25 x 10 3 x 3600 = 90 km/h
As it is Moving away from the police car with a speed of 90 km/h
The followed car has then the speed of 150 + 90 = 240 km/h
2. Pr (d) = Pr (d0) (d0/d)2 ,
10 log Pr(d)= 10 log Pr(d0) + 20 log d0 20 log d
10 log Pr(d0) = -70 dBm, d0= 100 m
-90 dBm = -70 + 20 log 100 - 20 log d
-60 = - 20 log d => d = 1000 m
Time required to lose connection = 1000-100 m / 25 m/s = 36 seconds
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Problem 4-4:
A base station is transmitting Pt Watt at 900 MHz with an antenna gain of 10 dB.
1. Compute the transmitter power Pt such that a mobile receiver at a distance
of 20km with a sensitivity of 70 dBm can operate adequately assuming a
free space propagation model for the geometry shown below. The mobile
antenna gain is 10 dB. Assume the system loss factor L=2.
Mobile station
Base station
20 km km
2.
Compute the base station transmitter power Pt such that if a 85m tower is
built at a distance of 2 km from the base station, the mobile station would
receive adequately. Use the knife-edge diffraction model and take the
geometry from the illustration below.
tower
Base station
85m
30m
2 km
Mobile station
18 km
5m
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Solution 4-4:
1. For LOS model the following hold
= 300/900 = 1/3 m
Gt = Gr = 10, d = 20000, L=2
Pr (d) = -70 dBm= 10 log Pr(mw) = 10 7 mw = 10 10 w
Pr (d) =
Pt Gt Gr 2
Pt =
(4)2 d2 L
Pt =
10 10 (4)2 200002 x 2
10 x 10 x (1/3)2
Pr (d) (4)2 d2 L
Gt Gr 2
55
30
2km
18km
Diffractionloss=
tan
tan
85 30
2,000
80
18 ,000
0 .004 rad
2x 2000x 18 000
2 d 1 d 2
0 .0315
v
=3.28
d 1 d 2
0 .33 20 ,000
5
0 .225
23.27dB=10-2.33
3.28
G d 20 log
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Problem 4-5:
A car driving through the high-way at a speed of 36 km/h detected the signal from a base station
first at point A and lost the connection at point C. The received power when passing point B
was 60 dBm.
Given: The frequency used is 1500 MHz
Receiver sensitivity = -80 dBm
The line of sight propagation model is valid for the wave propagation
1. Compute the distance AC
2. Compute the Doppler frequency shift at A, B and C
Base Station
V=36 km/h
1 km
-60 dBm
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Solution
Base Station
V=36 km/h
d=10 KM
1 km
=90
A
-80 dBm
1.
B
9,95 KM
-60 dBm
C
-80 dBm
The distances SA and SC are equal as the power received at both points is 80dBm at a distance d=SA=SC.
For line of sight propagation model: P r (d) = Pr (d0) (d0/d)2 ,
Converting into dB: 10 log Pr(d)= 10 log Pr(d0) + 20 log d0 20 log d
d0= 1k m, 10 log Pr(d0) = -60 dBm
SC = d, Power at point C should be 90 dBm
-80 dBm = -60 + 20 log 1 - 20 log d
-80+60 = - 20 log d => log d =1 => d = 10 km
d=AS= 10 km
BC =( 102 - 12 ) 1/2= 9.95 km
AC = 2 x 9,95= 19,9 km
2.
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