Professional Documents
Culture Documents
by Watch GmbH
Arsenic in water
1. The main cause of Arsenic presence in ground water is believed to be the reductive
dissolution of sedimentary Arsenic-containing Iron Oxy-hydroxide by microbial driven
oxidation of organic matter. This cause the release of adsorbed Arsenic, since the
adsorbed As (V) is reduced to As (III) and leached into ground water.
2. Anthropogenic sources also contribute to Arsenic pollution.
Arsenic compounds were employed as pesticide, herbicide and in wood preservation.
Other sources of Arsenic are mining waste and glass industry.
Fertilizers are also suspected to have an important contribution to the contamination of
groundwater with Arsenic.
Coal combustion, metal smelting and refining processes release Arsenic in the
atmosphere, which eventually it is transported by rain in the surface water and
groundwater.
systems
Titansorb
Appearance:
Particle size:
Moisture content:
Bulk density:
White granules
0.5 1.5 mm
less than 10%
ca. 550 kg/m2
Titansorb
Typical Physical and Chemical Properties
Appearance:
Particle size:
Active surface:
Porosity:
White granules
0.5 1,5 mm
400-450 m2/g
ca. 65%
Titansorb
made of Nanosized Titanium Oxyhydrate
Titanium Oxyhydrate TiO(OH)2 or Metatitanic Acid H2TiO3 - reactive material, containing
maximum number of active centers: Ti-OH groups.
Titanium Oxyhydrate is partially crystallized as Anatase nanocrystals (10 - 20 nm),
containing a high density of Ti-OH active centers on their surface:
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Titansorb
The contaminants are strongly adsorbed on the active surface of nanocrystalline Anatase.
As an example, arsenate anion (As5+) may be retained under several possible
coordinative structures:
O
As
O
O
O
Ti
Ti
Ti
O
As
As
OH O
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Chelating
tridentate
Ti
O
Ti
Ti
O
H
O
As
O
Ti
Ti
Ti
Brigded bidentate
Chelating bidentate
O
Ti
O
Titansorb
Operation conditions
High service flow rate:
Freeboard:
Bed depth:
Operational pH:
4-10
Titansorb
Testing water
NSF/ANSI 53 Standard
Calcium
40 ppm
Magnesium
24 ppm
Sodium
10 ppm
Chloride
100 ppm
Sulfate
50 ppm
Silica (SiO2)
20 ppm
Nitrate
Fluoride
1 ppm
Phosphate
ppm
0.04 ppm
Titansorb
Comparative Arsenic Adsorption Media Test
Flow rate 20 BV/h, pH=7.5, 300 ppb As(V), silica 10 ppm, hardness 150 mg/l
Titansorb
pH influence on Arsenic adsorption
- Activated Alumina, Iron Hydroxide, Titansorb
Flow rate 60 BV/h, 50 ppb As(V), silica 20 ppm, hardness 150 mg/l
Titansorb
Service Flow Rate and Arsenic Adsorption
Test water: pH=7.5, 300 ppb As(V), silica 20 ppm, hardness 150 mg/l
Titansorb
Comparative Arsenic Adsorption Media Test
- influence of pH fluctuations (pH re-set at 6.5 thereafter)
pH = 7.2
pH = 7.0
Flow rate 20 BV/h, pH=6.5, 300 ppb As(V), silica 10 ppm, hardness 150 mg/l
Why Titansorb?
Cost per liter of water treated is lower compared with other adsorbers
Less sensitive to ionic strength or concurrent anions (phosphate, sulfate, nitrate, etc.)
Removes other hazardous contaminants from water - such as chromate, cadmium, lead, copper,
selenium
Titansorb
- second generation-
Thank you!
Questions?
Watch GmbH
Fahrlachstrasse 14
68165 Mannheim
Germany
Web: www.watchwater.de
Dr. Valentin Cimpeanu
Tel. +49-621-87951-55
Email: cimpeanu@watchwater.de