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Islamic Studies Courses

In
De Anza, Chabot, Mission and
Ohlone Colleges
Designed and Taught
By
Hafiz M. K. Siddiqi, Ph.D.

The Five Pillars of Islam

Tawheed, Iman or
Shahadatayn
In

Shaa Allah, we will learn today


about the basic foundation of the
building of Islam, and will cover one
out of five most important duties of
Muslims which are considered as 5 on
going courses to keep the believers
connected with Allah swt and His
creation. The five duties are also
known as five pillars of Islam.

Tawheed: The Foundation of


Islam
Tawheed

means oneness and it has


three dimensions: One Universal
God: 2/163, 112/1-4, 42/11, 59/2224
One Universal Humanity: 4/1, 49/13,
23/52
One Universal Message conveyed
by all the prophets and
messengers, see: 42/13, 3/33-34,
4/163-165, 6/83-90,21/51-93

Shahadah or Shahadatayn
The

first most important duty of a Muslim


is to declare his/her faith in God: Allah
swt It is also known as 1st pillar,
Shahadah, Shahadatayn, or Iman.
Iman: 100% state of certainty, for faith
can not be combined with Shakk=Doubt,
or Shirk=Polytheism: 2/2, 4/116.
Tawheed and Iman are the basis for the
validity of words and actions: 16/97

Declaration of Faith in Allah


Ash-Hadu Al-Laailaha Illallahu Wahdahu
Laa Sharika Lahu Wa-Ash-hadu Anna
Muhammadan Abduhu Wa-Rasuluhu
I declare/bear witness/testify that there
is no god but God=Allah, He is alone (in
His sovereignty..), He has no partners,
and I (further) testify that Muhammad is
His servant and messenger

There are seven parts of


Faith
A Muslim must believe in: 1. Allah 2. His
angels 3. His books 4. His messengers
5. The last day 6. Fate: good and bad of it
is from God 7. Resurrection after dearth
Aamantu Billahi Wa-Mlaaikatihi WaKutubihi Wa-Rusulihi Wal-Yawmil-Aakhiri
Wal-Qadri Khayrihi Wa-Sharrihi Minallahi
Taala Wal-Bathi Badal-Mawt.

Iman in the Quran


2/3-5: Those who believe in the
unseen, and establish regular
prayers, and spend out of what we
have provided for them, and who
believe in the revelation sent to
you, and sent before your time,
and have the certainty of life to
come (in their hearts). They are on
true guidance from their Lord and
they will prosper.

The Messenger believes first


The Messenger believes in what has been
Revealed to him from his Sustainer, as do
the believers. Each one of them believed in
Allah, His angels, His books, and His
Prophets. We make no distinction between
one and another of His Messengers, and
they say: we hear and we obey (we seek)
Your forgiveness our Lord, and to You is the
end of all journeys. 2/285

Prophet Muhammad pbuh said: Faith is:


Declaration (of Shahadah) with the tongue,
its confirmation in the heart, and practicing
The pillars (of Islam).
There is strong connection between Iman
and Islam: submission and Faith. No one
can become believer without submission and
Vice versa. Iman is faith and Islam is practice.
One is inner aspect connected to heart and
other is outer aspect connected to actions.
See: 49/14.

Salah: Five Daily Prayers


Salah

comes from Wasala, which means


communication and connection.
It is the point of distinction between
belief and disbelief.
The first Question on the day of
Judgment will be about the Prayers.
Salah is the Miraj (ascension to
heaven) for the believers (Hadith).

So set your face steadily and truly to the


Faith,
establish Gods handiwork according to the
pattern on which He has made mankind: no
change (let there be) in the work (wrought)
by
God: that is the standard Religion but most
among mankind understand not. Turn you
back in repentance to Him, establish regular
Prayers and be not you among those who join
gods with God, those who split up their
Religion and become (Mere) sects, each party
rejoicing in that which is with itself. 30/30-32

Timings: 4/103, 17/78, 20/130, 30/17-18


2. Gods companionship: 2/153
3. Companions of hell: 74/41-47
4. Laziness in prayer is a sign of hypocrisy:
4/142-143
5. The whole universe is engaged in glorifying
God: 22/18, 16/49-50, 13/15, 55/1-6,
17/44, 24/41, 21/19-20, 24/
The wisdom behind 5 daily prayer is to keep
us
Connected with our Sustainer Lord, and
Inculcate in us sense of His companionship.
1.

Taharah: Wudu, Ghusl, Tayammum: 5/6


Masjid, Muslli, Imam, Muadhin, Adhan, Iqamah
:72/18, 9/189/107-110, 107/4, 2/124, 62/9
1. Fajr 2. Dhuhr 3. Asr 4. Maghrib 5. Ishaa,
Rakah, Qiblah/Kaba, Niyyah,Takbir Tahrimah,
Qiyam, Qiraah, Ruku, Qawmah, Tasmee,
Tahmeed, Sajdah, Jalsah, Qaidah, Tashahud,
Assalh-Alar Rasul/Durood Sharif, Concluding
Dua, Tasleem.
Witr, Jumuah, (Friday) Idul-Fitr, (Feast of breaking
fast) Idul-Adha, (Feast of great sacrifice) Janazah,
(Funeral).

Fard, Wajib, Sunnah Muakkadah, Sunnah


Ghayr Muakkadah, Nafila/Nafl,
Prayers for special occasions:
Qasr, 4-2, Istisqaa 2, Istikharah 2, Taraweeh
20, in 2s Tahajjud 2 to 8, in 2s, Awwabeen 2
To 6, in 2s, Ishraaq 2 or 4, in 2s, Kusuf 2,
Khusuf 2, Tasbeeh 4, Taubah 2, Hajah 2,
Khawf (5 daily prayers at the time of fear, i.e.
in the battlefield), Sickness: according to the
condition of a sick person.

Adhan:
4 times: Allahu Akbar
2 times Ash-Hadu
Al-Laailaha Illallah
2 times: Ash-hadu Anna
Muhammadar-Rasulullah
2 times: Hayya Alas-Salah
2 times: Hayya Alal-Falah
2 times: Allahu Akbar
1 time: Laa Ilaaha
Illallah

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Inside view of a Masjid where


worshippers are performing act of
prostration which is the essence of
Islamic Salah (Prayer).

How to perform Wudu and


Salah
In

next few slides you will see


through the pictures the actual
performance of ablution (Wudu) and
Prayers (Salah.
For more details please refer to:
www.islamcity.com
www.wikipedia/salah.com
www.google/bbc/salah.com

Say: Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim and


wash
hands upto the wrist 3 times

Cleansing mouth and nose 3 times

Wash full face 3 times

Wash right forearm including


the elbow 3 times

Wash left forearm including


the elbow 3 times

Wipe your head with wet hands


one time

Continue wiping/cleaning inside out


the ears
back of the neck and wipe both
arms

Wash right foot including ankle thoroughly 3


times

Wash left foot including ankle thoroughly 3


times

Muslim
Qiyaam

prayer movements

Muslims place their right hand over


their left on their chest or navel while
in the standing position. A short
supplication glorifying God and
seeking His protection is read. This is
then followed by Surah Al Fatiha,
which is the first chapter in the
Qur'an. Verses from any another
chapter are then recited.

Begin Salah with Takbir Tahrimah

Qiyam and Qiraaah, standing and


reading

Ruku
Ruku means bowing. During ruku, Muslims says
'glory be to God, the Most Great', three times.

Brief qiyaam: Qawmah


While moving into the upright position, Muslims recite 'God listens
to the one who praises Him' and while in the standing position, 'To
God belongs all praise' then is recited. 'God is Great' is recited
again. Hands are loosely at the sides this time.

Sajdah or Sujud
Sajdah or Sujud means to prostrate. While in the prostration
position 'Glory be to God, the Most High' is repeated three times.
Palms, knees, toes, forehead and nose must be the only body parts
touching the ground.

Brief sitting: Jalsah


'God is Great' is recited while moving to
the sitting position. Muslims pause here
for a few seconds, either staying silent, or
reciting a shorter prayer. 'God is Great' is
recited once more as the sujud position is
taken again.

Tashahhud
After saying God is Great, Muslims return to the
sitting position. They recite a set number of short
prayers in Arabic, praising God, and sending peace
on the Prophet. They repeat the declaration of faith,
raising the forefinger of their right hand, in order to
act as a witness.

They then ask God to bestow blessings and


peace upon Prophet Abraham and his family,
and ask for the same for Prophet
Muhammad.
Finally, Muslims ask for forgiveness and
mercy, and ask God to bless them and their
children until the Day of Judgement.
Peace to the right
To end the prayer, Muslims first turn their
face to the right saying 'Peace be upon you,
and the mercy and blessings of Allah.'

Tasleem: Assalamu Alaykum Wa Rahmatullah is


said to the Angels which Muslims believe accompany
each human being to record their actions and to the
congregation if it is a group Prayer.

Tasleem: to say: Assalamu Alaykum


Wa-Rahmatullah

Praying

in the mosque
Muslims can pray anywhere, but it is
especially good to pray with others in
a mosque.
Praying together in a congregation
helps Muslims to realize that all
humanity is one, and all are equal in
the sight of Allah.
Salah in the Mosque with Jamaa
(group) is rewarded 27 times more
than praying alone at home or
elsewhere.

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