NGUA INGLESE II a.a.

2014/2015

DERIVATIONAL
MORPHOLOGY

The structure of words: morphology

Derivation: the creation of new words with consequent

change in the identity (i.e. class) or in the meaning of the
word, or both.

Main processes:

Affixation

Affixation
Addition of an affix, i.e. a morpheme

attached to the beginning of a word - a prefix:

Adj
ex. 1: rich
(verb)

rich (adj.)

en+rich

is enriched

[This _______ exhibition]

[The exhibition]

[tells]

the history of Russian peasant life.

[__________] by traditional costumes of Russian peasant life.

exhibits

or to the end of a word - a suffix:

exhibition

N suffixation

instance of V-ing

-ment

ex. 3:

entertain

entertainment

There will also be a great afternoon of [street entertainment]

cultural performances on stage [to entertain]

along with multi-

the crowds.

-ance(ence)

ex. 4:

perform

Local artists [will perform] on stage.

V
There
[will also be]
V
stage.

performance

[multicultural performances]

on

N suffixation

instance of V-ing

-ing

ex. 9:

cook

Visitors will be able [to cook]

cooking

[their own food]

after a special class with local chefs

and food heroes.

Visitors will be able [to eat]

ex.

[their own cooking].

-ure
10:

departure

depart

N suffixation

A person who V-s

-ant /-ent

ex. 11:

attend

attendant

The event is free [to attend].

V
At the entrance you will be greeted [by an attendant].

-er, or/-ess, -ress

ex. 12:
exhibitor

exhibit

V suffixation
Action of V-ing

-ize/-ise

ex. 13:

memory

All of our guests are special to us and we want your experience [to be]
memory]

memorize
V

[a wonderful

of your trip.

N
Get your children [to memorize] the hotels name and address.
V

-(i)fy

ex. 14:

beauty

beautify
Evocative sounds [help bring]

to life [the breathtaking beauty] of Russian culture.

V
N

Adj suffixation

-ful

ex. 16:

power

powerful

powe
I feel [the _______]D
of nature when I stand on the banks of Tornelven River. The
r powerfu

O SP

l
river is untouched,
[________]

and has such pure water that you can drink from it.

-ous

ex. 17:

glory

glorious

Nowhere is it more interesting than in Ireland to see how the present has issued from
[the glory]

of the past.

original
Adj
During Belfast restaurant
week thereAD
will be [[ glorious]

moveable feasts] .
Adj
N

Adj suffixation

-able

ex.

19:

fashion

fashionable
Make sure to wear [[your most fashionable]
outfit] at the West Coast Cooler
Adj
N
Fashionweek, Irelands longest running [fashion] event.
N
-less

ex. 20:

motion

motionless
In Lule the sea is frozen, the swelling waves have subsided into [a [motionless]
expanse]

Adj

of white ice.

Kiruna is a city in [motion]

as the big iron mine is growing. Several historical

Adj

N suffixation

-ness

ex. 22:

bright

The darker the sky the brighter

Adj

Northern Lights have [a brightness]

brightness

Northern Lights will seem to your eyes.

comparable to that of the Milky Way.

-th

ex. 23:

wide

At the Gourmet food Village you can choose from [ a [wide]

width

Adj

range]

of local

N suffixation

-ician

ex. 24:

magic

magician

Visit The Ice Hotel to experience [the magic] of our climate.

The Magic Castle is the showplace for some of [the greatest magicians] from around
the globe.

-ship

ex. 25:

member

At the Monash Hotel kids can become [a member] of our Club 4 Kids.
Entry is through [membership] or a cost of $11 per person.

membership

Adj suffixation

-ent

ex. 27:

persist

persistent

The sucre is the official currency in Ecuador. However, the sucre [persists]

in few

rural areas.
The magnificent ruins lately discovered in Yucatan seem to argue the existence of
others in regions where positive and [[ persistent]

Adj

tradition]

has located them.

-ous

ex. 28:

continue

continuous
We offer comprehensive holiday insurance for those aged up to 74 years old for up

Adj

V suffixation

-en

ex. 30:

bright

The darker the sky the brighter

Adj

brighten

Northern Lights will seem to your eyes.

Culture Night Belfast returns [to brighten] the corners and illuminate the city with
V
hundreds of events.

-ize

ex. 31:

special

specialize
Take your pick of our selection of [[special]Adj events]

Adverbs derived by suffixation

Adj+-ly

ex. 33:

special

specially

rich

richly

wide

widely

fashionabl

fashionab

ly

Conversion
The base is converted into a different word class with no affix addition

Noun into verb (or viceversa):

ex. 34:

[This exhibition]

[This exhibition]

trace (N)

[traces]

trace (V)

[the evolution of Russian peasant life.]

[follows]

[the traces]

DO

DO

of Russian peasant life.

Adjective into noun (or viceversa):

ex. 35:

peasant (adj)

peasant (N)

Word-clusters
Prefixes
unindis-

reenmis-

real
real

Adj

un-real
un-real
un-real-ist-ic

Suffixes
-al -ist -ed-tion
-age -ify
-ure
-an/ian
N
-ance/ence -ism
Adj -ician -ic -ant/ent
Adv -er/or -y -dom

un-real-ist-ic-al-ly Adv
real-ist-ic -al-ly
Adj
real -ist -ic
real -ist

real
real

Adv
N
N

real

-ful -al -ery/ry

-ise
-ing -hood
-able
-ship -ity
-ly
-ness -ment

Use the word given in brackets to form

PRACTICE:
a word that fits the gap
KEY
HIDDEN GEM
A hidden gem for gourmands, the Errigle Inn provides
1._______________
DISCRETELY
[DISCRETE] excellent
and 2.______________ [friend] service. ENCYCLOPEDIC
There is also an
FRIENDLY
3._________________ [ENCYCLOPEDIA]
beer 4. ______________ [SELECT]
SELECTION
encompassing
brews from around the world and a 5.________________
THOUGHTFULLY
[THOUGHT] curated wine list to complement a menu long enough to be
SIGNIFY

enticing and short enough to 6. _____________ [SIGN] the great quality and
attention that goes
into each dish. Main courses include honey glazed ork
CREAMY
medallion, beer battered scampi, 7.__________[CREAM]
beef stroganoff, or
ACCOMPANIED
a bacon and brie burger,
but I opted for steak, of which you can choose
PERFECTION
from fillet or sirloin, 8. _____________[COMPANY]
with red wine. Cooked to 9.
DELICIOUS
____________ [PERFECT], the fillet was as soft as butter. A selection of
homemade desserts rounded off a 10. __________ [DELICE] dining