ELECTROMAGNETISM

Question 12 SPM2005(a)
(i) State the transformation of energy
correctly.(1)
Gravitational potential energy
energy electrical energy.

Kinetic

12(a)(ii)
State four reasons and brief explaination correctly
-Save cost by cutting loss of power through cable using high voltage

transmission. It reduces the current flows through the cable.(1M)

-Ensure continuous supply of power as all power is fed into the
national grid network(1M)
-Power station which are damaged or need to be serviced can be
replaced by other power station in the grid system.(1M)
-Generation of electrical power can be controlled and adjusted
according to the demand of the day. Some power station can be
temporary stopped during the low demand at night. (1M)

12(b)
(i) Determine the number of turns in the primary
and secondary coils for transformer P,Q and R.
( 5M)
For transformer P(12V to 24V)
Vp/Vs = Np/Ns
12/24 = Np/Ns
= Np/Ns (1M)
Choose Np=500, Ns=1000 (1M)

For transformer Q(24V to 8V)

Vp/Vs = Np/Ns
24/8 = Np/Ns
3/1 = Np/Ns

(1M)

Choose Np=1200, Ns=400 (1M)

For transformer R (24V to 6V)

Vp/Vs = Np/Ns
24/6 = Np/Ns
4 = Np/Ns
Choose Np=500, Ns=120 (1M)

12(b)(ii)State the correct type of

laminated iron core and reason.

Type of transformer core used is

laminated soft iron core.(1M)
Can reduced eddy current induced in the
laminated core. (1M)
Reduced loss of power due to
hysteresis.(1M)

12(b)(iii) State the correct type of

material and justify.

Aluminium.(1M)
Less density, lighter , low electrical
resistance and economical. (1M)

12(c)
(i) I = V/R
= 24/30 (1M)
= 0.8 A (1M)

(Correct substitution)
(Correct answer with units)

(ii) Power loss = I2R (1M) (Correct formula)

= (0.8)230 (1M) (Correct substitution)
= 19.2W

(1M) (Correct answer with unit)

SPM FIZIK 2006 Q10

(a) State what is meant by magnetic field.(1)
A region of space where a magnetic material
experiences a magnetic force.
(b) Compare each of the aspects correctly.
The number of turns of the coil in Diagram
10.2 is higher than in Diagram 10.2 (1)
The pattern of iron filings formed in Diagram
10.2 is denser than in Diagram 10.1
The deflection of ammeter in Diagram 10.2 is
bigger than in Diagram 10.1.

12(c)State the relationship correctly

(i) The denser the pattern iron filings, the
stronger is the strength of magnetic field.
(1)
(ii) The bigger the number of turns of the
coil, the stronger the strength of the
magnetic field. (1)

12(d)Give the correct explaination

When current flows, a magnetic field is
formed and the force is exerted to the wire
as shown in the diagram below.(1)
P

12(d)
The direction of current in the copper strip
PQ and RS is in the opposite
direction.Thus the direction of magnetic
field produced in between the wires is in
the same direction.(1)
The resultant magnetic field at the space
in between the wires strips is stronger
than the surrounding area.(1)
Thus, the wire strips repel each other.(1)

12(e)(i) Give correct explaination.

When current flows through the coil,
magnetic field is formed around the coil.(1)
The magnetic field formed by the flow of
current interacts with the permanent
magnetic field of the motor.(1)
It produces a resultant catapult field as
shown in diagram,(1) (Draw the diagram)
Thus, a pair of equal and opposite forces
is produced which rotate the amature.(1)

12(e)(ii) Suggest modification and

explain.
Connect a full-wave rectified circuit using four diodes
and a capacitor .(1)
To convert the a.c to d.c current circuit and smoothen the
d.c current produced.(1)
Replace the slip rings of the a.c motor with a split
ring(commutator)(1)
It reverses the direction of the current to ensure flows
through the amature to ensure it rotates in one direction
only.(1)
Increase the number of turns of the coil of the ammature.
(1)
To produce stronger coupling force which can rotate the
ammature faster.(1)

SPM2007 SECTION A Q7
(a)(i) Name the type of transformer
correctly.(1)
Step-down transforemr

7(a)(ii)
State a correct reason for using soft iron
as the transformer core.(1)
Soft iron can be easily magnetised and
demagnetised. Thus, it reduces power
loss due to hysteresis.

7(b)
Correct substitution.(1)
Vs/Vp = Ns/Np
6/240 = Ns/1000
Correct answer.(1)
Ns = 250

7(c)(i)
Correct substitution.(1)
Power output = 0.75 x Power input
= 0.75VpIp
= 0.75 x 240 x 0.1
Correct answer with units.
= 18 W

7(c)(ii)
Give a correct suggestion/modification to
improve the efficiency of the transformer.
(1)
Use laminated iron core./Use low
resistance wire./ Increase the diameter of
the coil.

7(d)(i)
State the reason correctly.(1)
Transformer supplies alternating
current(a.c) and the television circuit
works with direct current(d.c) only.

7(d)(ii)
Name the electrical component correctly.
(1)
Diode.
Describe the connection correctly.(1)
A diode is connected in series with the
output circuit./ Four diodes are connected
in a form of bridge rectifier.

SPM2008 SECTION Q4
(a)(i) Name the correct component in box X (1)
Step-down transformer.

(a)(ii) Explain why a.c is used correctly.(1)

To create a changing/fluctuating
magnetic field which link the primary coil
to the secondary coil.

(a)(iii) State the correct physics concept.(1)

Electromagnetic induction.

(b) Output power = 0.8VpIp

65 = 0.8x240Ip ( 1M for correct substitution)
Ip = 0.34A (1M for correct answer with unit)

(c) Any two diodes in correct position.(1)

All diodes connected in correct
position(1)

SPM 2009 SECTION A Q7

(a)(i) Name the correct rule.(1)
Flemings left hand rule.

(a)(ii)
Draw the correct pattern and direction of
the resultant magnetic field.(1)
Show the correct direction of the resultant
force,F (1)

7(b)(i)
Use curve shaped magnets.(1)
Draw radial magnetic magnetic field.(1)
Indicate the direction of the magnetic field.
(1)

7(b)(ii)
State a correct reason of using curve
shaped magnets.(1)
To produce radial magnetic field so that a
constant force,F, is produced on the coil of
copper wire.

7(b)(iii)
Suggest a suitable component to overcome
parallex error.(1)
Plane mirror strip placed below the pointer
across the scale.
Give correct explaination for the suggestion.(1)
To help to position the eye directly above the
scale when taking reading to avoid parallex
error. This happens when the image of the
pointer coincides with the pointer

SPM 2011 SECTION B Q10

(a)(i) State the meaning of electromagnet
correctly.(1)
Tempopary magnet produced by the flow of
current through a conductor.

10(a)(ii)
Compare the number of turns of the coil correctly.(1)
The number of turns of the coil in Diagram 10.2 is more
than in Diagram 10.2.
Compare the reading of the ammeter correctly.(1)
The ammeter reading in Diagram 10.2 is higher than in
Diagram 10.1.
Compare the number of iron nails atteached to the
electromagnet.(1)
The number of iron nails attached to the electromagnet
in Diagram 10.2 is bigger than in Diagram 10.3.

10(a)(ii)
State the correct relationship between the
ammeter reading and the number of iron nails
attached to the electromagnet.(1)
The higher the ammeter reading, the bigger the
number iron nails attached to the electromagnet.
State the correct deduction regarding the
relationship between the electric current and the
strength of the electromagnet.(1)
The higher the current, the stronger the
electromagnet.

10(b)(i)
Give the correct explaination why soft iron
core is used.(1)
Can be easily magnetised and
demagnetised, thus reduces loss of
power.

10(b)(ii)
Describe how the relay function as a relay
switch.Give three distinct steps of operation.(3)
When current, soft iron core is magnetised.(1)
The iron amature is attracted to the soft iron core
causing the pivot to pushed up the lower
contact.(1)
The secondary circuit is completed and the motor
is switched on.(1)

10(c)
Give at least five suitable suggestions and
correspondig reasons to increase the
loundness of the sound.(10).
Increase the number of turns of the coil
round the soft iron core.(1)
Increase the strength of the
electromagnet.(1)

10(c)
Increase the size of the gong.(1)
Can cause more vibaration due to bigger surface
area. It will produce sound waves with higher
amplitude.
Lower elasticity of the spring steel strip.(1)
To increase the hitting force.(1)
U-shaped soft iron core.(1)
Increase the strength of electromagnet.(1)
Thick wire,(1)
Low resistance to allow larger current flows.(1)