IPv6 - Telefonica

Day
Luis Anzola
SWAT Team
Consultant
CCIEx2 #21959
RS/SP

Agenda
IPv4 Depletion & IPv6 Adoption
IPv6 Transition Analysis
Approach to Successful IPv6 Adoption

IPv4 Depletion &

IPv6 Adoption

Quick History of the

Internet Protocol
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4, or
just IP)
First developed for the original Internet (ARPANET)
in spring 1978
Deployed globally with growth of the Internet
Total of 4 billion IP addresses available
Well adopted and used by every ISP and hosting
company to connect customers to the Internet
Allocated based on documented need

Quick History of the

Internet Protocol
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)
Design started in 1993 when IETF forecasts showed
IPv4 depletion between 2010 and 2017
Completed, tested, and available for production
since 1999
Total of 340 trillion trillion trillion IP addresses
available =
340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,21
1,456
Used and managed similar to IPv4

IPv4 versus IPv6

IP version

IPv4

IPv6

Deployed

1981

1999

Address Size

32-bit number

128-bit number

Address Format Dotted Decimal

Notation: 192.0.2.76

Hexadecimal Notation:
2001:0DB8:0234:AB00:
0123:4567:8901:ABCD

Number of
Addresses

232 = 4,294,967,296

2128 =
340,282,366,920,938,46
3,
463,374,607,431,768,21
1,456

Examples of
Prefix Notation

192.0.2.0/24
10/8

2001:0DB8:0234::/48
2600:0000::/12

(a /8 block = 1/256th of total

IPv4 address space = 224 =
16,777,216 addresses)
6

IPv4 Address Space

Utilization

*as of 3 February 2011

7

Available IPv4 Space in /

8s

* The IANA pool of IPv4 address space depleted on

February 3, 2011. This graph shows the steady depletion
of that pool over time.
8

IPv4 Depletion Situation

Report

Each RIR received its

last /8 from IANA on 3
February 2011.

The IANA free pool of

IPv4 addresses has
reached 0%.

While each RIR

currently has IPv4
addresses to allocate,
it is impossible to
predict when each
RIR will run out.

ARIN publishes an
inventory of available
IPv4 addresses,
updated daily, at
9
www.arin.net

IPv4 & IPv6 - The Bottom

Line
Were running out of IPv4
address space.
IPv6 must be adopted for
continued Internet growth.
IPv6 is not backwards
compatible with IPv4.
We must maintain IPv4 and
IPv6 simultaneously for
many years.
IPv6 deployment has
begun.

10

IPv6 Deployment has

begun
RIRs have been allocating IPv6 address
space since 1999.
Thousands of organizations have
received an IPv6 allocation to date.
RIRs have IPv6 distribution policies for
service providers, community
networks, and end-user organizations.
11

World IPv6 Day

On 8 June, 2011, top websites and Internet service
providers around the world, including Google,
Facebook, Yahoo!, Akamai and Limelight Networks
joined together with more than 1000 other
participating websites in World IPv6 Day for a
successful global-scale trial of the new Internet
Protocol, IPv6.

12

IPv6 Technical Drivers

Increased address space
128 bits = 340 trillion trillion trillion
addresses
(2128 =
340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,4
31,768,211,456)
= 67 billion billion addresses per cm2 of
the planet surface

Hierarchical address
architecture
Improved address aggregation

More efficient header

architecture
Improved forwarding efficiency

13

IPv6 Technical Drivers

Neighbor discovery and
autoconfiguration
Improved operational efficiency
Easier network changes and
renumbering
Simpler network applications (Mobile IP)

Integrated security features

Internet-enabled appliances
Electrolux Screenfridge
Samsung Digital Network Refrigerator

14

IPv6 Technical Drivers

Internet-enabled automobiles
Already available in many
luxury cars
Interesting research being conducted in
Japan

Video surveillance
*** MORE IP
ADDRESSES ***

15

IPv6 Business Drivers

Main Drivers
Enable New Services
Reaching New Customers (increasing as
time goes on)
Businesses are beginning to ask for IPv6
over their existing Internet connections
and for their co-located servers.

Nice To Haves
Reduced Costs for Peer-to-peer
Application Development
Enhanced mobility user experience
Market Leadership
16

IPv6 Business Drivers

Revenue impact
Short term: Likely to be zero
Longer term:
Access to new IPv6-only customers
Retention of existing customers
Business agility ability to provide new
service

17

IPv6 Transition
Analysis

Keep it Simple

19

Address Exhaustion
Mitigation
Carrier Grade NAT (NAT444)
Short-term solution to public IPv4 exhaustion issues without
any changes on RG and SP Access/Aggregation/Edge
infrastructure
Subscriber uses NAT44 (i.e. IPv4 NAT) in addition to the SP
using CGN with NAT44 within its network
CGN NAT44 multiplexes several customers onto the same
public IPv4 address
CGN performance and capabilities should be analyzed in
planning phase

20

Cisco Carrier Grade NAT

Solution
Introducing a new engine for massive Cisco CGv6
deployments

20+ million active translations

100s of thousands of subscribers
1+ million connections per second
20Gb/s of throughput per CGSE
Translation (NAT, AFT), Tunneling (6rd, DS-lite)

Builds upon the proven performance of the Cisco

CRS-1
Widely deployed where maximum coverage and
ROI can be achieved Cisco CRS-1

21

IPv6 in MPLS Networks

6PE

IPv6 global connectivity over and IPv4-MPLS core

Transitioning mechanism for providing unicast IP
PEs are updated to support dual stack/6PE
IPv6 reachability exchanged among 6PEs via iBGP (MBGP)
IPv6 packets transported from 6PE to 6PE inside MPLS
MPLS Core respolsable only for label swapping (IPv6 free)

22

IPv6 in MPLS Networks

6VPE

RFC4659: BGP-MPLS IP Virtual Private Network (VPN) Extension

for IPv6 VPN
6VPE simply adds IPv6 support to current IPv4 MPLS VPN
offering
For end-users: v6-VPN is same as v4-VPN services (QoS, hub
and spoke, internet access, etc.)
For operators: Same configuration operation for v4 and v6
VPNNo upgrade of IPv4/MPLS core (IPv6 unaware)

23

IPv6 Transition Solution

IPv6 Rapidly Deployment
(6rd)
Introduction of two Components: 6rd CE (Customer Edge) and

6rd BR (Border Relay)

Automatic Prefix Delegation on 6rd CE
Simple, stateless, automatic IPv6-in-IPv4 encap and decap
functions on 6rd (CE & BR)
IPv6 traffic automatically follows IPv4 Routing
6rd BRs addressed with IPv4 anycast for load-balancing and
resiliency
Limited investment & impact on existing infrastructure

24

IPv6 Transition Solution

Dual Stack Lite (DS-Lite)

Access, Aggregation, Edge and Core migrated to IPv6. NMS/OSS

and network services migrated to IPv6 as well (DNS, DHCP)
IPv4 Internet service still available and overlaid on top of IPv6only network.
Introduction of two Components: B4 (Basic Bridging Broadband
Element) and AFTR (Address Family Transition Router)
B4 typically sits in the RG
AFTR is located in the Core infrastructure

Assumption: IPv4 has been phased out, IPv6 only

Access/aggregation network

25

IPv6 Transition Solution

NAT64

Deploy small (controlled) IPv6 network with known hosts

Stateless NAT64
Employs 1:1 mapping
Enables bi-directional session setups
Stateful NAT64
N:1 mapping (IPv4 address sharing)
Ideal for large Mobile IPv6 to public IPv4 Internet
Advantages to operator is head-start on IPv6 adoption &
services/application deployment

26

IPv6 Transition Solution

Dual Stack

All P + PE routers are capable of IPv4+IPv6 support

Two IGPs supporting IPv4 and IPv6
Memory considerations for larger routing tables
Native IPv6 multicast support
In the short term deploying IPv6 in dual stack does not solve
IPv4 exhaust
All IPv6 traffic routed in global space
Good for content distribution and global services (Internet)

27

Approach to
Successful IPv6
Adoption

Desca - Phased Approach

to
Successful
IPv6
Adoption
Identify the highest priority
IPv6-critical
areas in your network
Perform IPv6 Assessment on highest-priority areas to determine
scope of design
Develop an IPv6 design that enables IPv6 to be introduced
without disrupting your IPv4 network
Begin IPv6 testing and implementation in pilot mode, then
extend over time into production deployment

Plan

Design

Implement

Project
Management
Plan

Low Level
Design

Staging

Staging Plan

Implementation

Readiness &
Network
Assessment
Security
Vulnerability
Assessment

Implementation
Plan
Development
Acceptance
Plan
Development
Migration Plan

Migration
Acceptance
Testing
Staff Training
29

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30

Q&A

Thank you