PARABOLIC SOLAR SYSTEM

1. Basic- Solar Energy

2. Solar Energy Potential in India
3. Concentrated Solar Power(CSP)
4. Introduction to Parabolic Solar System
5. Design of Parabolic Trough Concentrator
6. Power Generation
7. Power Storage
8. Performance And Its Efficiency
9. Applications In Present Era

1.BASIC: SOLAR ENERGY

Sun as the source of energy. Various Solar energy Applications
Important Facts

SUN AS THE SOURCE OF

ENERGY
The sun has a surface temperature of 6000C, maintained by continuous nuclear
fusion reactions between hydrogen atoms within its interior. These nuclear reactions
will gradually convert all of the hydrogen into heavier elements, but this is a
relatively slow process and the sun should continue to supply power for another 5
billion years.

IMPORTANT FACTS
The sun radiates huge quantities of energy into the surrounding space, and the tiny
fraction intercepted by the Earth's atmosphere, 150 million km away, is however
equivalent to about 15,000 times humanity's present rate of use of fossil and
nuclear fuels.
Even though approximately one-third of the intercepted energy is reflected away by
the atmosphere before reaching the earth's surface, this still means that a
continuous and virtually inexhaustible flow of power amounting to 10,000 times our
current rate of consumption of conventional fuels is available in principle to human
civilization.

2.SOLAR ENERGY POTENTIAL

IN INDIA
Government Policies
Thar Desert
Market Analysis and Opportunity

3.CONCENTRATED SOLAR
POWER
Introduction to CSP
CSP Growth Rate
Difference b/w CSP & CPV(Concentrated Photovoltaics)
Effect of CSP on Wildlife

4.INTRODUCTION TO
PARABOLIC SOLAR SYSTEM
CSP Technique
Linear Fresnel Reflectors
Power Tower
Parabolic Trough
Enclosed Trough
Dish Stirlings
Parabolic Solar System

5.DESIGN OF PARABOLIC
TROUGH
Parabolic Geometry
A parabola is the locus of a point that moves so that its distances from a fixed line
and a fixed point are equal.
The equation of a parabola is as follow.
X.X = 4a Y
where, 4a = lattice rectum
a = Focus point

BASIC PARTS AND

STRUCTURE
Reflecting Surface
Absorber
Support Structure
Tracking System
Pumping System

6.POWER GENERATION
Parabolic Trough Power plant System technology
Direct steam generation
Fossil fuel backup
Power Cycles
Rankine cycle
Organic rankine cycle
Comined cycle system

7.POWER STORAGE

8.PERFORMANCE AND
EFFICIENCY CALCULATION
a) Optical performance
absorbed radiation per unit area of unshaded aperture is given by:
S=Ib() K
Where Ib is effective incident beam radiation on the plane of aperture,
is the reflectance of the concentrator,
is intercept factor,
is transmittance, and
is absorptance.
K is an incidence angle modifier that can be used to account for deviations from

Performance and Efficiency Calculations.

PERFORMANCE
b. Thermal performance The actual useful energy gain: Where Aa is the unshaded
area of the concentrator aperture and Ar is the area of the receiver, S is the
absorbed solar radiation per unit of aperture area, Ti and Ta are inlet fluid
temperature and ambient temperature FR is the collector heat removal.
OVER ALL EFFICIENCY
Over all efficiency of a solar collector is based on the optical and thermal
performances. the over all efficiency can be calculated as;
= (Qu / Ib) 100

9.APPLICATIONS
Cooling and air conditioning
Steam Generation
Desalination of sea water
Production of hot water for domestic and industrial use
Production of Hydrogen gas

Why Is the Sun So Important?

1. a. What is the sun? The sun is a star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in our solar
system.
b. What are some reasons that the earth needs the sun?
Life on earth would not exist without the heat and light provided by the sun. The suns gravity also helps
keep the earth in its orbit, causes weather phenomena, and plays a role in ocean tides.
2. Important facts:
In terms of energy generated, burning all the coal, oil, gas, and wood on earth would only equal a few
days of energy output by the sun.
The total amount of energy humans have derived from burning fossil fuels since the start of civilization
is less than all the energy provided by the sun in just 30 days.
More energy from the sun falls on the earth in one hour than everyone on earth uses in one year.
Renewable energy could account for almost 80% of the world's energy supply within four decades, but
only if governments, businesses, and individuals pursue the policies needed to promote it.