Ancient

Israel
Ancient
Greek
Ancient
Egypt

Eastern
Rome

Ottoman
Empire
MEDIEVAL EUROPE

WW1

countries
Persian = Iran
Mesotopamia = Iraq

Ancient Egypt

SNEFRU THE PHARAOH

(2613 - 2589 BC)
First king of the 4th dynasty
His most famous contribution was the Bent
Pyramid of Dahshur.
Khufu Snefrus son is the builder of the
Great Pyramid

Great pyramid
The pyramid is estimated to have around 2,300,000 stone blocks
that weigh from 2 to 30 tons each and there are even some
blocks that weigh over 50 tons.

1st Dynasty (3100 - 2890 BC) Narmer, also known as Menes, becomes
the first ruler to unite upper and lower Egypt, as commemorated by the Narmer
Palette.

Hatshepsut Pharoah

1279 - 1213 BC
becomes the most successful female pharoah, even if she has to wear a false
beard to do it.

Amenhotep IV
1352 1336 BC
Changes his name to Akhenaten
overturns polytheistic worship in favor
of monotheistic worship of the Aten
or Sun Disk. He moves the capital from
Thebes to Akhetaten (modern day Tell alAmarna) and lives there with his children
and wife Nefertiti.

The Ptolemaic Kingdom

305 BC30 BC
Ptolemy I
Ptolemy II
Ptolemy III
The decline of the Ptolemies
The later Ptolemies
Cleopatra

Alexander the
Great
During his youth, Alexander was tutored by the
philosopher Aristotle until the age of 16.
King of Macedonia
Reign

336323 BC

Predecessor

Philip II

Successor

Alexander IV
Philip III
Pharaoh of Egypt

Reign

332323 BC

Predecessor

Darius III

Successor

Alexander IV
Philip III
King of Persia(Iran)

Reign

330323 BC

Predecessor

Darius III

Successor

Alexander IV
Philip III
King of Asia

Reign

331323 BC

Predecessor

New office

Successor

Alexander IV
Philip III

Aristotle
Student of Plato
One thing that stands out of him is
that he questions everything unlike
Plato who only accepts it.
Rival school of Platos academy.
Plato studies mathematics while
Aristotle studies science and
research.

332 - 323 BC
Alexander the Great defeats the Persians and brings Egypt into his empire.

323 - 30 BCAlexander's general Ptolemy founds the dynasty of greek

Ptolemaic rulers who adopt Egyptian religion, architecture and clothing. They
turn their new capital Alexandria into the greatest city in the world and
maintain independence until their last ruler, Cleopatra VII, marries the roman
ruler Julius Caesar and, on his death, Mark Antony.

Cleopatra VII

Ancient Greeks

Marriage of Paleus and Thetis

750bc
Because of Eris' disagreeable nature she was the
only goddess not to be invited to the wedding of
Peleus andThetis. When she turned up anyway, she
was refused admittance and, in a rage, threw a
golden apple amongst the goddesses inscribed "To
the fairest."

The vain goddesses argue over who deserves the apple, and the field is
narrowed down to Athena, Hera, and Aphrodite. Paris, the son of King
Priam of Troy, is selected to judge. All three try to bribe Paris.

PARIS

son of Priam and Hecuba and brother of Hector. Because it was

prophesied that he would cause the destruction of Troy, Paris was
abandoned on Mt. Ida, but there he was raised by shepherds and loved
by the nymphOenone. Later he returned to Troy, where he was
welcomed by Priam

HERA /
JUNO

Offers power
Goddess of Marriage, but she has
vowed to never marry, except to Zeus.
Also a sister of Zeus.
Even before her marriage with Zeus,
she ruled over the heavens and the
Earth. This is one reason why she is
referred to as The Queen of Heaven
ruling overMount Olympuswhere all
the gods and goddesses live.
Animal symbol : Peacock and Cow.

ATHENA / MINERVA

Offers success in battle

She was the daughter of Zeus; no
mother bore her. She sprang from
Zeuss head, full-grown and clothed in
armor.
One of three virgin goddesses; the other
two were Hestia and Artemis.
Animal symbol : Owl

APHRODITE / VENUS

Offers beauty the most beautiful

woman in the world
Aphrodite was the goddess of fertility,
love, and beauty
Consort : Hephaestus, Ares, Poseidon,
Hermes, Dionysus, Adonis, and
Anchises.

Roman Empire
31 BCE

Egypts
empire

At its peak

Julius Caesar
12 July 100 BCE
Often regarded as the first emperor of
Rome, this is incorrect; he never held
the title `Emperor' but, rather, `Dictator
A title the senate could not help but
grant him, as Caesar held supreme
military and political power at the time.
Spouses :
Cornelia Cinna minor (m. 84 BC69 BC),
Pompeia (m. 68 BC63 BC),
Calpurnia (m. 59 BC44 BC)

Augustus Caesar
First emperor of Rome(31 BCE14 CE)
GaiusOctavianThurinus,Julius
Caesar's nephew and heir

DIVISION OF EMPIRE

Roman Empire 271 AD

Diocletian (ruled 284-305 CE)

The empire was reunited by Diocletian
by 285 CE, but then decided to divide
into two so as to facilitate more
efficient administration. In so doing, he
created theWestern Roman Empire
and theEastern Roman Empire
(also known as the Byzantine Empire).

285 CE the empire had grown too vast to be

ruled from the central government atRome,
so was divided.

Eastern Empire - The Byzantine Empire,

continued on for 1000 years until the
death of Constantine XI the fall of
Constantinopleto the Ottoman Turks in
1453 CE.
Western Roman Empire, including Rome,
collapsed in 476 CE when lastRoman
emperor, Romulus Augustulus, was
deposed by the Germanic
KingOdoacer(476 CE).

Fun facts about Eastern Roman

Empire
Byzantine art is almost entirely focused on religion.
The official language of the Byzantine Empire was Latin until
700 CE when it was changed to Greek by Emperor Heraclius.
Constantinople was attacked and plundered by the Crusaders
during the Fourth Crusade.
The emperor often paid gold or a tribute to enemies to keep
them from attacking.
Emperor Justinian granted the rights of women to buy and
own land which was a big help to widows after their
husbands had died.
From the time of the early Roman Republic to the fall of the
Byzantine Empire, Roman rule had a major impact on Europe
for nearly 2000 years.

Dicoletian successors
Maxentius and Constantine
Following Diocletians death in 311
CE, Maxentius and Constantine
plunged the empire again into civil
war in 312 CE.

CONSTANTINE
(306-337 CE)
In 312 CE Constantine
defeated Maxentius at the
Battle of the Milvian Bridge
and became sole emperor of
both the Western and Eastern
Empires. He believed that God
was the key to his success and
thus encourage people to have
religions, especially Christian.

Constantinople
The city of Constantinople is called
Istanbul today and is the largest city
in the country ofTurkey.

Justinian
(527-565 CE)
One hardworking emperor emperor who
never sleeps
Encourage education, even to some women.
Reunite Roman Empire in Constantinople.
The Code of Justinian, a compilation of all the
imperial laws, was published in 529 CE.
Placed high taxes on his people in order to
pay for his armies and building projects. In
532, this all came to a head at a chariot
race.

In 1453
the great city of Constantinople finally
fell to the Ottomans
by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II

Ottoman Empire
an empire inspired by Islamic Institutions

At its peak it included:

under Suleiman the Magnificent (reigned 1520-66)

Turkey
Egypt
Greece
Bulgaria
Romania
Macedonia
Hungary
Palestine
Jordan
Lebanon
Syria
Parts of Arabia
Much of the coastal strip of North Africa

Ww1
1914-1918
Allied Powers
France
United Kingdom
Australia
Canada
India
Newfoundland
New Zealand
South Africa
Russia
Italy(191518)
United States(191718)
Japan
Serbia
Belgium
Montenegro
Portugal(191618)
Romania(191618)
Greece(191718)
Siam(191718)
...and others

Central Powers
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria(191518)
...and others

History
The ancient Israelites were a Hebraic
group of people who lived in the
ancient Middle East. Some time in the
ninth or tenth century B.C.,
They wrote and codified the Hebrew
Bible - largely the same material as
the Christian 'Old Testament
They are considered the ancestors to
the world's Jewish population of
today