Services in a

Converged WAN

Accessing the WAN Chapter 1

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Objectives
Describe how the Cisco Enterprise Composite
Model (ECNM) provides integrated services
over an Enterprise network.
Describe the key WAN technology concepts.
Identify the appropriate WAN technologies to
use when matching ECNM best practices with
typical enterprise requirements for WAN
communications.

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Wide Area Networks

WAN
LAN connects computers, peripherals, and other
devices in a single building or other small
geographic area

An enterprise must subscribe

to a WAN service provider to
use WAN carrier network
services.

A WAN is a data communications network that

operates beyond the geographic scope of a LAN.
WAN allows the transmission of data across greater
geographic distances
WANs use facilities provided by a service provider, or
carrier.
WANs use serial connections.
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WANs The need

Sharing of data
Organization to organization
Remote users
Over large distance
LAN Falls short
Company Growth

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Evolving Enterprise
Stages of business growth.

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The Evolving Network Model

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Describe How ECNM Provides Integrated

Services over an Enterprise Network
Problems with the Hierarchical Design Model that Cisco's
Enterprise Composite Model has been designed to address

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Describe How ECNM Provides Integrated

Services over an Enterprise Network
Explain the purpose of Cisco Enterprise Architectures

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Key WAN Technology Concepts

WAN functions in terms of the OSI Reference Model
The physical layer (OSI Layer 1) protocols describe
how to provide electrical, mechanical, operational, and
functional connections to the services of a
communications service provider.
The data link layer (OSI Layer 2) protocols define how
data is encapsulated for transmission toward a remote
location and the mechanisms for transferring the
resulting frames. A variety of different technologies are
used, such as Frame Relay and ATM. Some of these
protocols use the same basic framing mechanism,
High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC), an ISO standard,
or one of its subsets or variants.

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Key WAN Technology Concepts

WAN physical layer concepts for network and Internet
communications

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Key WAN Technology Concepts

WAN physical-layer protocols describe how to provide electrical, mechanical,

operational, and functional connections for WAN services.
The WAN physical layer also describes the interface between the DTE and the DCE.

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Key WAN Technology Concepts

WAN data link layer protocols used in todays
Enterprise WAN networks
Data link layer protocols define
how data is encapsulated for
transmission to remote sites
and the mechanisms for
transferring the resulting
frames.

ATM uses small

fixed-size cells
of 53 bytes (48
bytes for data),

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Key WAN Technology Concepts

Switching technologies used for WANs in an Enterprise
setting
Packet switching splits traffic data into packets that
are routed over a shared network. Packet-

A circuit-switched network is one that

switching networks do not require a circuit to be
establishes a dedicated circuit (or channel) established, and they allow many pairs of nodes to
between nodes and terminals before the users communicate over the same channel. Packets are
divided and sent through available connections.
may communicate.

PSTN and ISDN are two types of circuitswitching technology that may be used to
implement a WAN in an enterprise setting.
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There are two approaches to this link

determination, connectionless or connectionoriented.
13

Select the Appropriate WAN Technology to meet

ECNM Requirements
List the various options for connecting subscribers to
the WAN

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Select the Appropriate WAN Technology to meet

ECNM Requirements
Enterprises use leased line services to provide a WAN
connection
Point-to-point lines are usually leased from a
carrier and are called leased lines.

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Select the Appropriate WAN Technology to meet

ECNM Requirements
Circuit switching options available to provide a WAN
connection

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Select the Appropriate WAN Technology to meet

ECNM Requirements
Packet switching options available to provide a WAN
connection

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Select the Appropriate WAN Technology to meet

ECNM Requirements
List factors to consider when selecting a WAN
connection

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Summary
A WAN is defined as
A data communications network that operates beyond the
geographic scope of a LAN

WAN primarily operate on layer 1 & 2 of the OSI model

WAN technologies include
Leased line
ISDN
Frame relay
X.25
ATM

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Summary
Cisco Enterprise Architecture
This is an expansion of the hierarchical model that further
divides the enterprise network into
Physical areas
Logical areas
Functional areas

Selecting the appropriate WAN technology requires

considering some of the following:
WANs purpose
Geographic scope of WAN
Traffic requirements
If WAN uses a public or private infrastructure

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