MOTIVATION

EMOTION
and

MOTIVATION

Internal state or condition that

influences behavior and
gives it direction in relation
to physiological conditions,
interest, attitudes and
aspirations

A need or
desire to do
something

Components
of Motivation

Components of Motivation

1.Needs

Components of Motivation

Needs arise from

some deficits within
the individual.

Components of Motivation

2.Drive

Components of Motivation

Drive
urge to attain a goal
or satisfy a need.

Functions
of Motivation

1. Activates or
energizes
the
individual

2. Leads, directs and

regulates behavior.

3. Selecting Mechanism

Theories
of Motivation

1. Instinct Theory
an evolutionary
perspective

INSTINCT
complex, unlearned
behaviors that have a
fixed pattern throughout
a species

 Dogs instinctively shake

their fur when wet
Human babies know
how to suckle just a
minute after being born.

2. Psycho-Analytic /
Drive Theory
(Drive Reduction Theory)

a physiological need,
or drive, simply compels
us to reduce that need

Drive reduction is about

maintaining your bodys

HOMEOSTA
SIS

3. Incentive Theory

INCENTIVES
promise or an act that
is provided for the sake
of greater action.

 job promotion

recognition

additional allowances

4. Arousal Theory
(Optimal Arousal
Theory)

AROUSAL
increase in the degree
of excitement or tension
of the organism

...were motivated to maintain

a balance between stimulation
and relaxation.

5. Opponent Process
Theory
(Richard Solomon)

 A state of positive
feeling is followed by a
contrasting negative
feeling, and vise versa.

 parachute jumping
giving blood
watching horror movies

6. Whiting and Child

Behavior Theory

 few basic motives acquired in early

infancy tend to grow excessively and
rapidly into behavior systems in later
life and consequently, various kinds of
observable responses are influenced by
this common motive.

Nail Biting

Food-related Behavior

7. Association Theory /
Reinforcement Theory
(Edward Thorndike)

8. Humanistic or
Need Gratification
Theory

9. Cognitive Theory
(Hunt)

Man is rational and consciously

decides what he will and will not do.
Motives, curiosity, intention, motive
to achieve success and goals
activate and direct the individual to
action.

10. Self-efficiency
Theory (Bandura)

The key to individual achievement

lies with the individuals own belief in
his ability to organize and execute
actions required for successful
performance.

11. Selfdetermination
Theory

An attitude of determination is the

foundation for motivated behavior

KINDS OF MOTIVATION
Intrinsic

Extrinsic

Autonomy

Competition

Belonging

Money

Curiosity

Fear of Punishment

Learning / Mastery

Fear of Failure

Love

Reward

Meaning

User Need

EMOTION

Emotions short-lived feelings

that vary in quality and intensity.

Moods Longer-lasting emotions

Components of Emotion
1.
2.
3.
4.

Thoughts
Subjective Feelings
Physiological changes
Expressive behaviors