CDMA 1X Air Interface

CDMA 1X Air Interface
Study Objective
After the study of this course, you should:
Learn
the
hierarchical
air
interface
structure
Master
the names and functions of different
channels of the air interfaces

Master
the structure and functions of the
physical layer
Master
the structure and functions of the
link layer
Learn
the differences between the CDMA
1X channels and the IS95 channels
Contents of Course
Chapter 1 Air Interface (Um) and Hierarchical Structu

Chapter 2 Physical Layer
Chapter 3 Media Access Control Layer
Chapter 4 Link Access Control Layer
Chapter 5 Layer 3
References
Chapter 1 Air Interface (Um) and Hierarchical

Structure
Air
Interface Um
Hierarchical
Air Interface Structure
Air Interface (Um)

Um interface
- Stipulate the contents, such as the physical layer structure and
signaling of the radio interface, which are a series of stipulations
upon the signal transmission on the radio channel to realize the
interconnection of the BTS with the MS.
Characteristics the Um interface stipulates:

- Channel structure and access capability
- MS-BSS communication protocol
- Maintenance and operation characteristics
- Performance characteristics
- Service characteristics
Um
Chapter 1 Air Interface (Um) and Hierarchical

Structure
Air
Interface Um
Hierarchical
Air Interface Structure
Hierarchical air interface structure
Layer 3 (L3)
Link access control layer (LAC)
Media access control layer (MAC)
Layer 1 (physical layer)
Layer 2 (link layer)
Hierarchical air interface structure
Physical layer
- Be responsible for the conversion between the high layer
information and the air radio signals via various physical channels.
- Perform the processing of various physical channels, including
data encoding & decoding, modulation & demodulation, etc.
Link layer
- Link access control layer: Mainly provide the mechanism that
can guarantees the reliable transmission of signaling.
- Media access control layer: Be responsible for the multiplexing
of services on logical channels, QOS (quality of service) and other
functions.
L3
- Include the signaling layer structure, service interface with the
signaling layer 2, layer 3 signaling control, signaling application &
format.
Summary
This chapter describes the definition and layer structure of the

air interface and also introduces the main contents of each
layer.
Contents of Course

Chapter 5 Layer 3
References

Spreading
rate
CDMA2000
Naming
frequency assignment
and mapping of channel
Characteristics
of forward/reverse link
& physical layer

Radio
configuration
Forward
channel
Reverse
channel
Comparison
of CDMA 1X channel with
IS95 channel
Quality
control of physical layer
Spreading rate 1 and spreading rate 3

1.25 MHz
1.25 MHz
Forward
link
1 MHz
2 MHz
3 MHz
4 MHz
5 MHz
1.25 MHz
1 MHz
1 MHz
2 MHz
3 MHz
4 MHz
5 MHz
Reverse
link
2 MHz
3 MHz
4 MHz
Spreading rate 1 (SR1)
5 MHz
1 MHz
2 MHz
3 MHz
4 MHz
5 MHz
Spreading rate 3 (SR3)

Spreading
rate
CDMA2000
Naming
Characteristics
& physical layer

Radio
configuration
Forward
channel
Reverse
channel
Comparison
IS95 channel
Quality
CDMA2000 frequency assignment
Frequency assignment --- Band Class0

CDMA preferred channel No.
Preferred synchronous channel

No. for SR3
Frequency assignment --- Band Class1 and SR1

Frequency
band
A (15MHz)
D (5MHz)
B (15MHz)
E (5MHz)
F (5MHz)
Transmitting frequency
Availability
Channel No.
MS
BS
Unavailability
0 ~ 24
1850.000 ~
1851.200
1930.000 ~
1931.200
Availability
25~275
1851.250
1863.750
1931.250 ~
1943.750
Conditional
availability
276~299
1863.800 ~
1864.950
1943.800 ~
1944.950
Conditional
availability
300 ~ 324
1865.000 ~
1866.200
1945.000 ~
1946.200
Availability
325 ~ 375
1866.250 ~
1868.750
1945.600 ~
1948.750
Conditional
availability
376 ~ 399
1868.800 ~
1869.950
1948.800 ~
1948.950
Conditional
availability
400 ~ 424
1870.000 ~
1871.200
1950.000 ~
1951.200
Availability
425 ~ 675
1871.250 ~
1883.750
1951.250 ~
1963.750
Conditional
availability
676 ~ 699
1883.800
~1884.950
1963.800 ~
1964.950
Conditional
availability
700 ~ 724
1885.000 ~
1886.200
1965.000 ~
1966.200
Availability
725 ~775
1886.250 ~
1888.750
1966.250 ~
1968.750
Conditional
availability
776 ~ 799
1888.800 ~
1889.950
1968.800 ~
1969950
Conditional
availability
800 ~ 824
1890.000 ~
1891.200
1970.000 ~
1971.200

Spreading
rate
CDMA2000
Naming
Characteristics
& physical layer

Radio
configuration
Forward
channel
Reverse
channel
Comparison
IS95 channel
Quality
Naming of logic channel in the CDMA2000:
First letter
f=Forward
Second letter
Third letter
d=Dedicated
t=Traffic
last two letters

ch
r=Reverse
c=Common
s=Signaling
Naming of physical channel in CDMA2000

Channel name
F/R-FCH
Physical channel
Forward/Reverse Fundamental Channel
F/R-DCCH
Forward/Reverse Dedicated Control Channel
F/R-SCCH
Forward/Reverse Supplemental Code Channel
F/R-SCH
F-PCH
F-QPCH
R-ACH
F/R-CCCH
Forward/Reverse Supplemental Channel

Forward Paging Channel
Forward Quick Paging Channel
Reverse Access Channel
Forward/Reverse Common Control Channel
Naming of physical channel in CDMA2000 (Continued)

Channel name
F/R-PICH
F-APICH
Physical channel
Forward/Reverse Pilot Channel
Forward Dedicated Auxiliary Pilot Channel
F-TDPICH
Forward Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel
F-ATDPICH
Auxiliary Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel
F-SYNC
Forward Sync Channel
F-CPCCH
Forward Common Power Control Channel
F-CACH
Forward Common Assignment Channel
R-EACH
Reverse Enhanced Access Channel
F-BCCH
Forward Broadcast Control Channel
CDMA2000 Technology

Spreading
rate
CDMA2000
Naming
Characteristics
& physical layer

Radio
configuration
Forward
channel
Reverse
channel
Comparison
IS95 channel
Quality
Key characteristics of forward link physical channel

The orthogonality of channels is realized through the Walsh function.
Support the quasi-orthogonal function
QPSK data modulation
Forward correction
-Convolutional code (K=9) is used for the voice service and the
average rate data service.
- Turbo code is used to supplement the high-speed data service on
channels
Forward link synchronization
Forward quick power control (800 times/second)
Forward transmit diversity
Enhanced channel structure
Flexible frame size
Characteristics of reverse link physical layer

The reverse link adopts the long code to distinguish MS.
Adopt the 64-order orthogonality and the BPSK data
modulation mode
Reverse error correction
- Convolutional code (K=9), used for voice service and
average rate data service
- Turbo code (K=4), used for high-speed data service
on supplemental channels
Reverse quick power control
Flexible frame size
Reverse link coherent modulation

Spreading
rate
CDMA2000
Naming
Characteristics
& physical layer

Radio
configuration
Forward
channel
Reverse
channel
Comparison
IS95 channel
Quality
Radio Configuration
Radio
Configuration (RC)
- It refers to the working mode of a series of forward or reverse

traffic channels. Each RC supports a set of data rate and the
difference between RC lies in the parameters of the physical
channel, including the modulation characteristics and SR
(spreading rate).
CDMA2000 radio configuration

- Forward RC1 ~ RC9
- Reverse RC1 ~ RC6
RC of forward link traffic channel
Radio
Spreading
Configuration
Rate
1**
2**
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
Max Data Rate*

(kbps)
Effective FEC
Code Rate
OTD
Allowed
9.6
14.4
153.6
307.2
230.4
307.2
614.4
460.8
1036.8
1/2
3/4
1/4
1/2
3/8
1/6
1/3
1/4 or 1/3
1/2or 1/3
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
FEC Encoding Modulation

Conv
Conv
Conv and Turbo
Conv and Turbo
Conv and Turbo
Conv and Turbo
Conv and Turbo
Conv and Turbo
Conv and Turbo
BPSK
BPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
RC of reverse link traffic channel
Radio
Spreading
Configuration
Rate
1**
2**
3
1
1
1
4
5
1
3
Max Data Rate*

(kbps)
Effective FEC
Code Rate
OTD
Allowed
9.6
14.4
153.6
(307.2)
230.4
153.6
(614.4)
460.8
(1036.8)
1/3
1/2
1/4
(1/2)
3.8
1/4
(1/3)
1/4
(1/2)
No
No
Yes
Conv
Conv
Conv or Turbo
64-ary ortho
64-ary ortho
BPSK
Yes
Yes
Conv or Turbo
Conv or Turbo
BPSK
BPSK
Yes
Conv or Turbo
BPSK
FEC Encoding Modulation
RC matching requirement of forward/reverse

channel
RC1 and RC2 correspond to rate set 1 and rate set 2 in the IS95A/B, respectively.
CDMA 1X forward: RC1 ~ RC5; reverse: RC1 ~ RC4
Combination rules
F-FCH RCs
R-FCH RCs
RC 1
RC 1
RC 2
RC 2
RC 3
RC 3
RC 4
RC 5
RC 4
F-DCCH/SCH RCs
R-DCCH/SCH RCs
RC 3
RC 4
RC 5
RC 3
RC 4

Spreading
rate
CDMA2000
Naming
Characteristics
& physical layer

Radio
configuration
Forward
channel
Reverse
channel
Comparison
IS95 channel
Quality
Backward compatible forward link channel

Forward CDMA channel
(SR1 and SR3)
Common
Common
Pilot
assignment power control channel
channel
channel
Forward
pilot
channel
Transmit
diversity pilot
channel
Common
control
channel
Assistant
pilot
channel
Synchron
ous
channel
Traffic
channel
Broadcast
control
channel
Paging
channel
SR1
Quick
paging
channel
Transmit diversity
assistant pilot
channel
0 ~ 1 Dedicated 0 ~ 1 Fundamental
control channel channel
Common
control
subchannel
0 ~ 7 Supplemental
code channel (RC1 ~
2)
0 ~ 2 Supplemental
channel (RC3 ~ 9)
Common physical channel of forward link --pilot channel

All 0s information, spread with Walsh 0 code, and directly
modulated with a short PN.
BTS continuous transmission pilot channel
Function of pilot channel
Help the MS to capture the system
Multipath search
Provide the phase information of the short PN and help the MS to estimate the channel
and perform the coherent modulation.
At the time of handoff, the MS will measure the pilot channel and then compare the
pilot strength.
Common physical channel of forward link ---synchronous channel

The
MS keeps synchronous with the system via the synchronous
channel.
The synchronous channel provides
System time SYS_TIME
Long code state LC_STATE
Basic network configuration parameters
The rate of the synchronous channel is fixed as 1200bps.
The frame size of the synchronous channel is 80/3ms, and 3 frames

make up of a superframe of 80ms.
Common physical channel of forward link --paging channel

The
BTS broadcasts the common overhead
message on the paging channel.

System parameter message
Access parameter message
List of adjacent cells
List of CDMA channels
Via the paging channel, the BTS
Page the MS
Assign traffic channels
The rate of the paging channel is 9600bps or

4800bps
The frame size of the paging channel is 20ms.
New forward link common channels

(SR1 and SR3)
Common
Common
Pilot
channel
channel
Forward
pilot
channel
Transmit
diversity pilot
channel
Common
control
channel
Assistant
pilot
channel
Synchron
ous
channel
Traffic
channel
Broadcast
control
channel
Paging
channel
SR1
Quick
paging
channel
Transmit diversity
assistant pilot
channel
Common
control
subchannel
0 ~ 7 Supplemental
code channel (RC1 ~
2)
0 ~ 2 Supplemental
channel (RC3 ~ 9)
New forward link common channel (continued)
Low delay
Reduce the transmit power of the BTS
More flexible
Reduce the transmit power of the MS

and prolong the standby time
What are the new

channels added for?
New pilot channels
Transmit diversity pilot channel F-TDPICH

- It is used together with the pilot channel when the transmit diversity is adopted.
Forward assistant pilot channel F-APICH

- It is used when the smart antenna is adopted.
Forward assistant transmit diversity pilot channel F-ATDPICH

- It is used when the transmit diversity is adopted and the BTS adopts the FAPICH.
Common physical channel of forward link --broadcast control channel

The
BTS broadcasts on the broadcast control channel
- Common overhead message

- Short message
The data rate of the F-BCCH can be 38400bps, 19200bps or

9600bps.
When the data rate of the F-BCCH is low, the F-BCCH can
repeat the transmission with a low transmit power. The MS
obtains the gain of the time diversity by merging the repeated
information.
The reduction of the transmit power of the F-BCCH can help to

improve the total capacity of the forward link.
Common physical channel of forward link --quick paging channel

F-QPCH (forward quick paging channel)
Designate the monitoring mode of the idle MS:
Adopt offset orthogonal keying (OOK) modulation mode.

Adopt 80ms as a timeslot, which is divided into paging indicator (PI),
configuration change indicator (CCI) and broadcast indicator (BI).
The F-QPCH can prolong the standby time of the MS.

The F-QPCH can perform the soft handoff.
Common physical link of forward link --common power control channel

It is used to control the power of multiple R-CCCH
and R-EACH.
The BTS can support one or more F-CPCCH.
The F-CPCCH includes multiple power control
subchannels.
Each power control subchannel is a bit and mutually works in
the time division multiplexing mode.
The power control subchannel controls one R-CCCH or REACH.
- In the power control access mode, it controls the transmit power of the REACH.
- In the reservation access or designated access mode, it controls the
transmit power of the R-CCCH.
Common physical link of forward link --common assignment channel

Functions
Send the assignment information that is a quick response to the
reverse link channel
Provide the support of the random access packet transmission of the
reverse link
In the reservation access mode: control the RCCCH and the related F-CPCCH.
In the power control access mode: provide the
quick response acknowledgement
Congestion control
Common physical link of forward link --common control channel

It is used to send the specific MS message.
Paging message
Acknowledgement
Channel assignment message (ECAM)
Short data bursts (SDBs)
The functions of the F-CCCH are the same as

those of the paging channel in the IS-95, but the data
rate is higher and more reliable.
The data rate supports: 9600 bps (frame of 20ms),
19200 bps (frame of 10ms or 20ms) and 38400 bps
(frame of 5ms, 10ms or 20ms)
New dedicated channels of forward link

(SR1 and SR3)
Common
Common
Pilot
channel
channel
Forward
pilot
channel
Transmit
diversity pilot
channel
Common
control
channel
Assistant
pilot
channel
Synchron
ous
channel
Traffic
channel
Broadcast
control
channel
Paging
channel
SR1
Quick
paging
channel
Transmit diversity
assistant pilot
channel
Common
control
subchannel
0 ~ 7 Supplemental
code channel (RC1 ~
2)
0 ~ 2 Supplemental
channel (RC3 ~ 9)
Dedicated physical channel of forward link --dedicated control channel

Forward
dedicated control channel F-DCCH
It can not form a traffic channel independently.
It is mainly used to transfer the specific subscriber signaling information during the
call.
It can also be used to transfer the burst data service on condition that the signaling
transfer is not affected.
Each forward traffic channel can posses one F-DCCH

Support the frames of 5ms and 20ms
Data rate: 14.4kbps(20ms), 9600bps (5ms and 20ms)
The discontinuous transmission must be supported
A forward link power control subchannel can be attached.
Dedicated physical channel of forward link --fundamental traffic channel
Forward fundamental traffic channel F-FCH

Transfer subscriber information and signaling information
Frames of 5ms and 20ms. The frame of 20ms is used for the voice service,
while the frame of 5ms is used for the quick transfer of control signaling.
Flexible adjustable rate data transfer
It can independently form a default traffic channel to transfer voice.
Usually, other dedicated channels will be added only when there are not
enough F-FCH.
Dedicated physical channel of forward link

supplemental channel
Supplemental channel F-SCH
It is used for high-speed data transmission. And F-SCH only
applies to RC3 ~ 9
Data transmission rate is defined by the BTS, thus rate
detection is unnecessary.
Support combinations of multiple supplemental channels to
complete different services;
Support high-speed and packet data transmission;
The independent FER setting facilitates FER control according
to the service requirements and the condition of resource
application;
Support burst data mode.

Channel type
Forward pilot channel
Maximum number
1
1
Transmit diversity pilot channel

Supplemental pilot channel
No requirements
Supplemental transmit diversity pilot channel
No requirements
Synchronization channel
Paging channel
Broadcast channel
Quick paging channel

Common power control channel
3
7
Common assignment channel
Forward common control channel
Forward dedicated control channel
1*
Forward fundamental channel
1*
Forward supplemental code channel (Only RC1 and 2)
7*
Forward supplemental code channel (Only RC3 and 5)
2*
* Each forward traffic channel
Structure of forward channel

Pilot channel, synchronization channel and paging channel for SR1

Broadcast channel for SR1

Quick paging channel for SR1

Common power control channel for SR1

Common assignment channel for SR1

Forward traffic channel

Forward dedicated channel

Spreading
rate
CDMA2000
Naming
Characteristics
& physical layer

Radio
configuration
Forward
channel
Reverse
channel
Comparison
IS95 channel
Quality
Physical Channel of Reverse Link

Reverse CDMA Channel
(SR1
Access
channel
Enhanced
Access
Channel
(RC 1 or 2)
Reverse Pilot
Channel
Enhanced Access
Channel
and SR3)
Reverse
Common Control
Reverse Traffic
Channel (RC1 or
RC2)
Channel
Reverse Pilot
Channel
Reverse Common
Control Channel
Reverse
Fundamental
Channel
0~7 Reverse
Supplemental
Code Channel
Reverse
Traffic
Channel (RC
3 to 6)
Reverse Pilot Channel

0 or 1 Reverse
Dedicated Control
Channel
0 or 1 Reverse
Fundamental
Channel
0~2 Reverse
Supplemental
Channel
Reverse Power
Control Subchannel
Common Physical Channel of reverse link

Reverse Pilot Channel
Reverse Pilot functions
Initial capture
Trace
Reverse coherent demodulation
Power control measurement
Pilot
(all '0's)
MUX
Power Control
When R-EACH, R-CCCH or RC3
6 is used for the RL traffic channel,

R-PICH should be sent.
When the prefix of R-EACH, RCCCH or RL traffic channel is sent,
R-PICH should be sent.
Bit
Pilot
384
Power
Control
NPN Chips
1 Power Control Group

= 1536
NPN Chips
N is the Spreading Rate number
Common Physical Channel of Reverse Link

It is compatible with IS-95, and it is used for initiating the
communication with the BTS or responding the messages of the
paging channel.
Reverse CDMA channel can include 32 R-ACH at most;
For each F-PCH of the forward CDMA channel, there should be
at least 1 reverse access channel in the corresponding reverse
channel
It is used to initiate the initial call probe. The contents of the
message are comparatively short. And the reliability of the
message transfer is comparatively low.
The access channel is composed of the access probe, which in
turn is composed of the access prefix and a series of access
channel frames.
Physical Channel of Reverse Link --- Reverse

enhanced Access Channel
Reverse
Enhanced Access Channel
It is used for initiating the communication with the BTS or

responding to the message specially sent to the MS.
It is used for initiating the initial call probe. The contents of the
message are comparatively short, and the reliability of message
transfer is comparatively low;
It can be used for fundamental access mode, power control access
mode and reservation access mode.
- Fundamental access mode: The access probe is composed of
prefix and data;
- Power control access mode: The access probe is composed of
prefix, access header and data;
- Reservation access mode: The access probe is composed of prefix
and access header, and data is sent by the reverse common control
channel;
The reverse pilot channel related to the enhanced access channel
doesnt include the reverse power control subchannel: There is no
FL traffic channel for transmission during access.
Physical Channel of Reverse Link Reverse

Enhanced Access Channel (continued)
R-EACH probe structure
Physical Channel of Reverse LinkCommon

Control Channel (continued)
Common
Control Channel
It is used for sending the subscriber information &

signaling information to the BTS;
It can be used for reservation access mode and
designated access mode;
The transmit power is controlled by BTS
Soft handoff can be performed.
The contents of the message are comparatively long,
and the reliability is high. It is more applicable to the data
service.
Physical Channel of Reverse LinkCommon

Control Channel (continued)
Prefix of reverse common control channel and data transmission
Dedicated Physical Channel of Reverse Link

Fundamental Channel (R-FCH)
It is used for service connection between a certain MS and the BTS.
It can form traffic channel independently. And it can be used for
transmitting the default voice service.
Dedicated Control Channel (R-DCCH)

It is similar to F-DCCH in functions. And it is used for transmitting the
subscriber and signaling information to BTS.
It can perform discontinuous transmission.
Supplemental Channel (R-SCH)

It is similar to F-DCCH in functions. And it is used for transmitting the
subscriber information to BTS during conversation.
It only applies to reverse RC3-6
The reverse traffic channel can only include 2 R-SCH at most.
Physical Channel of Reverse Link (continued)
Supplemental Code Channel (R-SCCH)

It is similar to F-SCCH in functions. And it is used for
transmitting the subscriber information to BTS during
conversation.
It only applies to reverse RC1 ~ 2.
The reverse traffic channel can include maximum 7 R-SCCH.
The long code masks of the interrelated F-SCCH in the same
MS traffic channel are the same, but there is little difference for
the reverse channel.
Reverse CDMA channel for SR1

Channel type
Reverse pilot channel
Maximum number
1
Access channel
Enhanced access channel
Reverse common control channel
Reverse dedicated control channel
Reverse fundamental channel
Reverse supplemental code channel(only RC1 and 2)
Reverse supplemental code channel(only RC3 - 5)
Structure of reverse channel of SR1

R-FCH and R-SCH channel structures of R-EACH, R-CCCH, RDCCH and RC3~RC4.
Information bit
Reservation
Frame quality
bit added indication bit added
8 encoder tail bits

added to each frame
Convolutional encoder
or Turbo encoder
Modulation symbol
Block
interweaving
Symbol
deletion
Symbol
repetition
The 1st virtual frame: Only available to the reverse traffic channel of RC4.
The 2nd virtual frame: Except the reverse dedicated control channel of RC3,
available to all reverse traffic channels of RC3~RC4
Structure of reverse channel of SR1

Structure of mapping between I and Q of R-PICH, R-EACH, R-CCCH, R-FCH of
RC3~RC4.

Spreading
rate
CDMA2000
Naming
Characteristics
& physical layer

Radio
configuration
Forward
channel
Reverse
channel
Comparison
IS95 channel
Quality
Channel comparison between CDMA 1X and IS-95

Spreading
rate
CDMA2000
Naming
Characteristics
& physical layer

Radio
configuration
Forward
channel
Reverse
channel
Comparison
IS95 channel
Quality
Quality control mechanism of physical layer

Radio resource management mechanism
Power control as representative
Invisible diversity mechanism

Spread spectrum modulation technology: Spread
the signal energy to the very wide band to realize
invisible frequency diversity and overcome the
channel selectivity fading.
Channel interleaving technology: Overcome the
fading of radio channel that varies with the time so
that error bit in the radio channel can be evenly
distributed.
Error control mechanism
Error correction coding technology:
Convolutional code, Turbo code
Contents of Course

Chapter 5 Layer 3
References

Structure
Status
process
of media access control layer
control of CDMA2000 access
Media access control sublayer (MAC)

Media access control sublayer (MAC)
Best effort delivery: The radio link protocol is used
to provide high reliability to ensure reliable
transmission in the radio link
Mux and QoS control function: Through
coordinating the conflict requests generated by the
competitive services as well as arranging proper
priority for the access requests, the implementation
of the coordinated QOS level can be ensured.
Completing specific mapping conversion between
the logical channel and physical channel.
Structure of media access control sublayer

(MAC)
Structure of media access control sublayer

(MAC)
Functional entities of MAC sublayer mainly include:
SRBP related to short data burst
- SRBP submits the short data burst to the Mux sublayer
- SRBP is an entity providing connectionless protocol to signaling message
- SRBP is related to the operation of the common channel of the Mux sublayer
RLP for MAC transmitting data service
- RLP mainly completes the transfer of data service
- RLP is connection-oriented and NAK-based data transmission protocol
Mux and QOS sublayer
- After receiving the information of the logical channel, the Mux sublayer will
firstly multiplex it according to the QoS requirements, and then map it to the physical
channel according to the resource application condition and at last pack it as PDU of
the physical channel in the physical layer for transmission.
Structure
Status
process
of media access control layer
control of CDMA2000 access
cdma2000
The access process of IS-2000 is closely related to the realization of MAC sublayer
Contents of Course

Chapter 5 Layer 3
References
Processing
Structure
ARQ
of data Unit of LAC Layer
of LAC Sublayer Protocol
protocol
Processing of data unit of LAC layer
Link Access Control

Sublayer (LAC)
Processing of logical channel
related to signaling and data
burst
Provision of signaling service
for the upper layer
Processing of data unit of LAC layer

The
LAC sublayer mainly includes:
Authentication sublayer: It only applies to the access channel to

complete certain authentication function (The other authentication
functions are completed in Layer 3);
ARQ sublayer: It provides the logical channel with reliable SDU
transmission;
Addressing sublayer: It only applies to the common channel to
provide identification for specific MS;
Functional sublayer: It performs assembly/disassembly of LAC
PDU;
SAR sublayer: During transmission, the SAR sublayer adds length
identification and CRC to LAC PDU, and then segments the
processed PDU into the data fragment suitably processed by the
MAC layer. During receiving, SAR combines the data fragment sent
from the lower layer for CRC verification.;
Processing
Structure
ARQ
protocol
Structure of LAC sublayer protocol of r_csch

(Access channel)
C o n tro l
P la n e
S ig n a lin g P la n e
Layer 3
SAP
LAC
A u t h e n tic a tio n S u b la y e r
A R Q S u b la y e r
A d d r e s s in g S u b la y e r
U tility S u b la y e r
S A R S u b la y e r
SAP
Low er
L a y e rs
T r a n s m is s io n /
R e c e p tio n
r-c s c h
Structure of LAC sublayer protocol of f_csch

(paging channel)
C o n tro l
P la n e
Layer 3
SAP
LAC
A d d r e s s in g S u b la y e r
SAP
Low er
L a y e rs
R e c e p t io n
f- c s c h
Structure of LAC sublayer protocol of f/r_dsch

(Traffic channel)
C o n tro l
P la n e
Laye r 3
SAP
LAC
SAP
Lower
L a ye rs
R e c e p tio n
f-d s c h a n d r-d s c h
Processing
Structure
ARQ
protocol
ARQ protocol
Repetitive detection allowed

Two kinds of services
- Acknowledged transmission
- Unacknowledged transmission
The ARQ sublayer completes the main functions of the quality control process
of the LAC sublayer: Different protocol control parameters are adopted for ARQ
protocol according to the QOS requirements, different logical channels, and
formats of different protocol data units (PDU). This ensures the accurate and
reliable transmission of signaling messages and at the same time guarantees
efficient application of system resources. Thus, best balance between quality
and efficiency can be ensured.
ARQ protocol of common channel
Reverse common channel (R-ACH/R-EACH/R-CCCH)
- Working in the acknowledged transmission mode

- The retransmission window is 1
- Threshold value of the retransmission timer is specified by BTS
- On no acknowledgement received, MS will increase certain transmit
power to retransmit the access probe;
- Random delay between probes is related to the types of PDU
Forward common channel (F-PCH/F-CCCH)
- Working in the acknowledged transmission mode or unacknowledged
transmission mode
- Message sequential No. (MSG_SEQ):3 bits
- Detection time of repetitive frame of acknowledged mode is 2.2s
ARQ protocol of dedicated channel
Dedicated channel
Working in the acknowledged transmission or unacknowledged

transmission mode
- Two kinds of PDUs available: 20ms PDU and 5ms PDU
- 20ms PDU:
Message sequential No. (MSG_SEQ): 3bits
Size of retransmission window: 4
- 5ms PDU:
Message sequential No. (MSG_SEQ): 2bits
Size of retransmission window: 2
ARQ protocol parameter of dedicated channel

Unacknowledged mode
- Detection time of repetitive frame of acknowledged mode: 0.32s (20ms PDU),
0.02s (5ms PDU)
Acknowledgement mode (20ms PDU)
- Threshold of retransmission timer: 0.4s
- Maximum delay before transmitting response: 0.2s
- Maximum retransmission times: 13
Acknowledgement mode (5ms PDU)
- Threshold of retransmission timer: 0.12s (the first 6 transmission), 0.4s (in the
latter transmission)
- Maximum delay before response: 0.06s
- Maximum retransmission times: 17
Contents of Course

Chapter 5 Layer 3
References
Main contents of layer 3 signaling
The layer 3 signaling protocol mainly describes:

Structure of Layer 3 signaling message and interaction flow
Security and authentication specifications
Control and application of Layer 3 signaling
-Call process, handoff, authentication and encryption, and mobility
management are the main part of Layer 3.
Contents of Course

Chapter 5 Layer 3
References
References
cdma2000
CDMA
technology
system design and optimization
TIA/EIA/IS-2000
China
telecom department technical prescription: 800MHz
CDMA/AMPS technical requirements in air interface of digital

cellular mobile communication network

CDMA 1X Air Interface

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CDMA 1X Air Interface

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CDMA 1X Air Interface

the names and functions of different

channels of the air interfaces

the structure and functions of the

the structure and functions of the

the differences between the CDMA

1X channels and the IS95 channels

Chapter 1 Air Interface (Um) and Hierarchical Structu

Chapter 1 Air Interface (Um) and Hierarchical

Air Interface Structure

Air Interface (Um)

Characteristics the Um interface stipulates:

Chapter 1 Air Interface (Um) and Hierarchical

Air Interface Structure

Hierarchical air interface structure

Layer 1 (physical layer)

Layer 2 (link layer)

Hierarchical air interface structure

This chapter describes the definition and layer structure of the

Chapter 1 Air Interface (Um) and Hierarchical Structu

Chapter 2 Physical Layer

and mapping of channel

& physical layer

of CDMA 1X channel with

control of physical layer

Spreading rate 1 and spreading rate 3

Spreading rate 1 (SR1)

Spreading rate 3 (SR3)

Chapter 2 Physical Layer

and mapping of channel

& physical layer

of CDMA 1X channel with

control of physical layer

CDMA2000 frequency assignment

Frequency assignment --- Band Class0

Preferred synchronous channel

Frequency assignment --- Band Class1 and SR1

Chapter 2 Physical Layer

and mapping of channel

& physical layer

of CDMA 1X channel with

control of physical layer

Naming of logic channel in the CDMA2000:

last two letters

Naming of physical channel in CDMA2000

Forward/Reverse Dedicated Control Channel

Forward/Reverse Supplemental Code Channel

Forward/Reverse Supplemental Channel

Naming of physical channel in CDMA2000 (Continued)

Forward Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel

Auxiliary Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel

Forward Sync Channel

Forward Common Power Control Channel

Forward Common Assignment Channel

Reverse Enhanced Access Channel

Forward Broadcast Control Channel

Chapter 2 Physical Layer

and mapping of channel

& physical layer

of CDMA 1X channel with

control of physical layer

Key characteristics of forward link physical channel

Characteristics of reverse link physical layer

Chapter 2 Physical Layer