Fire

safety
S.Sundaramurthi
Chemistry of Fire

Fire is a chemical reaction in which a

combustible material combines with oxygen
in the atmosphere to give out heat and
flame.
The Fire Triangle
lassification of Fires

A Ordinary
combustibles
paper, wood, coal
etc.,
Flammable

B Liquids
gasoline, diesel fuel
,Lube base stocks,
Solvents, lubricating
oils, Methanol etc
Electrical

C Equipment
cables, motors etc.,

Combustible

D Metals
magnesium, titanium
magnesium,
zirconium, potassium, and
sodium etc.
Types of Fire Extinguishers and
Extinguishing Techniques
Types of Extinguishing Technique
Extinguish
er
Water Reducing the temperature
Type Cooling is cooling.

Foam Type Smotherin Depriving the fire or

g oxygen by introducing
other media.
DCP Type Cutting of fuel vapors
CO2 Type Blanketin mixing with oxygen by
applying an external
g media.
Selection of Fire Extinguishers
Water

A Ordinary
combustibles
paper, wood, coal
etc.,
&
Co2

Foam,

B
Flammable
Liquids
gasoline, diesel fuel ,Lube
Co2
base stocks, Solvents, &
lubricating oils, Methanol
etc
DCP
Electrical DCP

C Equipment
cables, motors etc.,
&

CO2
Combustible Co2

D Metals
magnesium, titanium ,
zirconium, potassium, and sodium
etc.
pes of Fire Extinguishers by construction
Stored pressure Type (ABC
Type):
In stored pressure models the expellant gas and extinguishing
agent are stored in a single chamber and discharge is directly
controlled by the valve.

Typical Appearance Skeletal Appearance

pes of Fire Extinguishers by construction
artridge operated (BC Type):
With cartridge operated fire extinguishers, the expellant gas is
stored in a separate cartridge located within or adjacent to the shell
containing the extinguishing agent. The extinguishers are actuated
by releasing the expellant gas which in turn expels the extinguishing
agent. The discharge is then controlled by a valve which is generally
located at the end of a discharge hose.

Typical Appearance Skeletal Appearance

pes of Fire Extinguishers by construction
Sealed pressure :
Sealed pressure fire extinguishers are much the same as stored
pressure units .The expellant gas and extinguishing agent are both
stored in a single chamber, but differ from stored pressure units in
that sealing is accomplished by means of a frangible metal disc as
opposed to a valve.

Typical Appearance
neral Principles of Using a Fire Extinguisher

P ull the pin in the

handle

A im at the base of
the fire

S queeze the nozzle

S weep from side to

PASS = PULL – AIM – SQUEEZE
side
Operating a Fire
Extinguisher
Thank You