HAPPINESS and

WELL-BEING

GROUP VII
Srikanth Nelanuthula 1402178
Somasekhar Yamanuri 1402174
Sriranjan 1402180
Sumit 1402185
Susheel Rayabarapu 1402187

HAPPINESS AND WELL-BEING

HAPPINESS
Gladness or joy is a mental or emotional state of well-being defined by positive or pleasant emotions
ranging from contentment to intense joy

WELL BEING
The state of being comfortable, healthy and happy
Precursors of Well-being: Approaches to happiness and Life goals

WELL-BEING APPROACHES
HEDONIC APPROACH

.
EUDAIMONIC
APPROACH

(Subjective Well-Being)

(Psychological Well-Being)

Creating high levels of happiness

Expanding potentials

Finding and fostering positive

emotionality

Cultivating personal growth

Kahnemann, Diener & Schwartz, 1999.

Ryan & Deci, 2001.

HAPPINESS APPROACHES
PLEASANT LIFE

ENGAGED LIFE

MEANINGFUL LIFE

Consists of having as many

pleasures as possible and
skills
to
amplify
the
pleasures

Comes
through
deep
engagement, using one's
strengths and virtues in
activities that one finds
challenging and rewarding

Consists of using one's strengths

in the service of something that
one believes is larger than
oneself

Methodology

1. Experimental Design

2. Selection of participants

3. Questionnaires

This experimental study had a pre-post test design

30 participants were registered in the Group, 27 finished the PEI, 20 of which were women and
7 were men
Questionnaires:
1. The Health and Wellbeing Questionnaire: 296 questions divided into 12 Sections
2. The Purpose-In-Life (PIL) Questionnaire: 20 questions, which are graded from 1 to 7
3. The Meaning In Suffering Test: Measures the meaning in suffering caused by painful
experiences
4. The Drug Use Screening Inventory: 135 questions characterized as having binomial
answers: yes (1) or no (0)
5. The Perception of Stress Questionnaire (PSQ): 30 questions that are graded on a Likerttype scale of 4 degrees
The PEI consists of a total of 15 sessions, given one per day, for three weeks
5

6. Data Analysis

5. PEI Training of Self-knowledge and Care of the

Soul

4. Collecting Feedback

Procedure
Self Knowledge and
Care of the Soul
5 Questionnaires
5 Questionnaires
5 Questionnaires
taught in Winter
were repeated after
were applied before
were again applied
2011, every day of
4 months of
start of classes
on the 14th session
the week , for 3
sessions
weeks
PEI registers as Response Variables: Health and Wellbeing, Purpose In Life, Meaning in
Self Suffering and That of Others, Risk and Protection factors of Drug abuse which are
numerically scored in individual participants Before and After the PEI

Data Analysis
Comparison
Estimate the Effects
of the PEI,
Comparison was
made between
Scores before and
after and four months
later the PEI sessions

Normality
Verified the
response variables
for Normality and
Homogeneity of
variances.

Anova
Statistical Significance
of the grades
comparison Before and
After the Sessions was
done by ANOVA

PCA
A Principal
Components analysis
was conducted for the
six variables and the
factor score of the
components
associated with linear
regression models.

Results and Discussions

Compared the students

grades during the period
of 2011 and of 2012.
Academic performance
of students improved
significantly Before PEI
8.09 0.13 EE vs. After
the PEI 8.5 0.18 EE)

Results were positive

after the PEI for all
attributes and got
reduced after 4months
except Risk Factors,
Protection Factors
Mean +/-Standard
Deviation

Linear Regression Between Main Components(Before and After)

1)Biological and cultural diversity among the
participants as the cause behind the variation in their
academic grades and PEI scores(First Increasing and
Decreasing)
2)plural and contradictory society in matters of moral
and civic values
3) The long-term enjoyment of the benefits from PEI
would seem to require repetition, reflection, training,
perseverance and optimization at the personal state of
each individual, in time, space and circumstance
To create academic spaces within the university, where
the students may extend their practice of the skills
developed by PEI.
Performed a Multivariate analysis(To prove the PEI
effects over time).
The PCA for the six response variables showed linear
association with a high value of percentage of variance
explained by the first two components in the registry
before and only the variable MIST and Perception of
Stress were least contributed their score

Multivariate Analysis with Two principle Components

In PCA was obtained that the second components did not have any contribution, since there were no linear association
scores. So the factor score of the first components were analyzed with linear regressions and obtained scores
association of individuals between the phase before vs. after (y = 7.6 e-6 0.68 * x, F = 22, P <0.0001, r2 = 0.45) and
between before vs. four months later (y = 1.4 e-5 0.65 * x, F = 22, P <0.0001, r2 = 0.40) (Fig. 2). This shows that the
intervention on study subjects remains immediately After PEI and Four months later.

Effects of PEI under the light of Positive Education

Basic pillars of Positive Psychology are:

1)Positive emotions,
2)Positive traits (virtues and personal strengths) and
3)Positive Institutions (Which facilitates the development of emotions and traits)
H&W depend less on the external World than on how we perceive it( i.e, we need to
develop personal skills and strengths that will help us enjoy, balance and find purpose
in our lives.
Pleasant Life, in which life is a an experience of positive emotions, focusing
primarily on sensory and emotional pleasures, which are ephemeral and dependent on
external circumstances;
Engaged Life, which is a result of using personal strengths to obtain benefits in
major areas of life; and the Meaningful Life, which is to use the personal strengths,
virtues and features at the service of some purpose that transcends our individual
concerns
Meaningful Life, which is to use the personal strengths, virtues and features at
the service of some purpose that transcends our individual concerns

Conclusion

The study focused on five important questionnaire

Health and wellbeing questionnaire - Purpose in Life Questionnaire - -Attitude towards life
Meaning in suffering test - -Measures capacity of individuals to find
meaning in suffering
Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) Questionnaire
The perception of Stress Questionnaire

H&W are inner and inborn attitudes of human being. These

attitudes can be changed by improving the ways of thinking,
feeling and acting to achieve a more fulfilling life.
PEI effects on both genders- Male and Female
PEI performance of a candidate. (Thinking Creative, Not
Critical)
The effects of PEI through the perspective of positive psychology
PLEASANT LIFE

ENGAGED LIFE

MEANINGFUL
LIFE

LIMITATION OF STUDY
Other elements of Happiness and well-being were not focussed
The research was limited to students of age 19-30. On voluntary basis. The
student group was chosen and interviewed.
The students who participated in the study are of the same culture, social
level and income (Idiosyncrasies)
From the paper we could conclude that, the scores of PEI is higher during and
after PEI.
No method to sustain the PEI is suggested in this paper.
Genetics,
Family,

Activities,
Work Satisfaction,
Community ties

Environment,
Health

Happiness

Living conditions
Leisure,
Wealth,
Economic Well Being
Unemploymen
t