CHIP DESIGN:

The chip design is the process of designing the

chip in efficient way;
Efficiency in the sense, the fabricated chip must,
Consume low power
Consume less area
The speed should be increased.
The delay should be reduced
Out of this, the first three are goals of VLSI

VLSI DESIGN FLOW

Basic:

DESIGN
ENTRY

DIGITAL DESIGN
Digital design is logically combining the
digital components to perform a function in
digital system.
Since the digital system has high,
Reliability
Accuracy
The digital design is roughly divided in to 3
1. System design
2. Logic design
3. Circuit design

Contd

1. System design:
It is the process of differentiating system in to number
of sub-system.
2. Logic design:
It is the process of interconnection
Of logic element and gates to perform a logic function.
3. Circuit design:
It is the process of connecting the each and every
components in a chip to form a circuit(IC).

History Overview
Diode:
A diode is a semiconductor device consist of
Positive(anode) and Negative(cathode) terminals.
It can be used as switch basically.
Terminology :
Forward bias, Reverse bias, Forward voltage,
Reverse voltage, Cut in voltage, Forward current,
Reverse current, Zener voltage(VRC), Current
regulator circuit (JFET with Gate).

TRANSISTOR:

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
An in Integrated Circuit (IC) is combination of
circuit
elements that are interconnected to form a
logical function.
IC are classified according to their level of
complexity,
SSI
MSI
LSI
VLSI

IC contd
But basically the IC are classified in to,
Digital IC
Analog IC
RF (or) Mixed Signal IC.
Further it can be classified in to,
DIGITAL IC:
1. FPGA
2. Conventional Digital IC
3. Memory IC

IC contd
RF IC:
Conventional RF IC
PSOC
ANALOG IC:
Conventional Analog IC
Linear Integrated Circuit.

IPOLAR DEVICE:
FET:

JFET:

DEMERIT: Need large area for

integration.

UNIPOLAR DEVICES:
The well known example of Unipolar device
are MOSFET.
MOSFET stands for Metal Oxide
Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor.
It is generally classified in to two types
namely,
P-MOSFET (P- P channel).
N-MOSFET (N- N channel).

CMOS:
CMOSFET:
It stand for Complementary Metal Oxide
Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor.
Adv:
1. Static Power zero.
DisAdv:
1. Latch up problem.
2. Low output current.

F Design Overview:

ELECTRONIC BASIC:
ANCIENT LOGIC FAMILY:
1. EMITTER COUPLE LOGIC:

DisAdv:
2. Gate continuously draw current hence more
Power consumption.

RESISTOR-TRANSISTOR
LOGIC

DisAdv:
1. High Power Dissipation as result heat is
produced.

IODE-TRANSISTOR LOGIC

DisAdv:
1.Propogation delay.

TRANSISTOR-TRANSISTOR
LOGIC:

DisAdv:
1. Low number of Fanout.
2. High output Resistance.

METAL OXIDE
SEMICONDUCTOR

DisAdv:
1. Sensitive to electrostatic charges.