AGRICULTURE

Ananda Archie
B12112025

INTRODUCTION
Agriculture is the art and science of cultivating the
soil, growing crops and raising livestock. It includes
the preparation of plant and animal products for
people to use and their distribution to markets.
Agriculture provides most of the worlds food and
fabrics. Cotton, wool, and leather are all agricultural
products. Agriculture also provides wood for
construction and paper products.
- National Geographic

Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants,

fungi, and other life forms for food, fiber, biofuel,
medicinals and other products used to sustain and
enhance human life. Agriculture was the key
development in the rise of sedentary human
civilization, whereby farming of domesticated
species created food surpluses that nurtured the
development of civilization
- Wikipedia

A G R I C U LT U R E S E C T O R O F
INDONESIA
Indonesian history since the colonial period until
now can not be separated from agriculture and
plantation sector, because this sectors has great
significance in determining the formation of a variety
of economic and social realities in the various parts
of Indonesia. Based on BPS data in 2002, the
agricultural sector in Indonesia to provide
employment for approximately 44.3% of the
population although only accounted for
approximately 17.3% of the total GDP.

I N D O N E S I A S A G R I C U LT U R E
PRODUCTS
Rice
cassava (tapioca)
Peanuts
Rubber
Cocoa
Coffee
palm oil
copra; poultry, beef, pork, eggs

A G R I C U LT U R E S E C T O R O F M A L A Y S I A
Agriculture remains an important sector of Malaysia's
economy, contributing 12 percent to the national GDP
and providing employment for 16 percent of the
population. The British established large-scale
plantations and introduced new commercial crops
(rubber in 1876, palm oil in 1917, and cocoa in the
1950s). The 3 main cropsrubber, palm oil, and cocoa
have dominated agricultural exports ever since,
although the Malaysian share of the world's
production of these crops declined steadily during the
last 2 decades.

M A L A Y S I A S A G R I C U LT U R E
PRODUCTS

Rubber
palm oil
Cocoa
bananas
Coconuts
Durian
Pineapples
rice
rambutan

A G R I C U LT U R E S E C T O R O F
SINGAPORE
Agriculture in Singapore became heavily reduced in as early as
1987. In that year, there were officially 2,075 farms in the country,
covering an area of 2,037 hectares (5,030 acres), an average of
less than 1 hectare (2.5 acres) per farm. Before modernised
development,Orchard Road was a stretch of agricultural orchards.
As with many other areas, the farms there soon began to
disappear, and Singapore became more reliant on overseas
imports. One major issue in 1984 was the health concerns with pig
farms in Singapore, in relation to the pollution of the environment.
Approximately one percent of Singapore's population are farmers.
Farming takes place mostly in the countryside region of Singapore,
where the farms are located. Only around 0.5 percent of
Singapore's total land area is assigned to agricultural purposes.
Agriculture in the country is responsible for less than 0.5 percent
of the country'sgross domestic product (GDP), as of 2010.

A G R I C U LT U R E S E C T O R O F T H A I L A N D
TheagricultureinThailandis highly competitive,
diversified and specialised and its exports are very
successful internationally.Riceis the country's most
importantcrop; Thailand is a majorexporter in the
world rice market.

T H A I L A N D S A G R I C U LT U R E
PRODUCTS
Rice
Fish and fishery products
Tapioca
Rubber
Grain
Sugar

A G R I C U LT U R E S E C T O R O F
PHILIPHINES
The Philippines exports its agricultural products around
the world, including the United States, Japan, Europe,
and ASEAN countries (members of the Association of
Southeast Asian Nations). Major export products are
coconut oil and other coconut products, fruits and
vegetables, bananas, and prawns (a type of shrimp).
Other exports include the Cavendish banana, Cayenne
pineapple, tuna, seaweed, and carrageenan. Imported
agricultural products include unmilled wheat and
meslin, oilcake and other soybean residues, malt and
malt flour, urea, flour, meals and pellets of fish,
soybeans and whey.

P H I L I P H I N E S S A G R I C U LT U R E
PRODUCT
Rice
Corn
Coconut
Sugarcane
Bananas
Pineapple
Coffee
Mangoes
Tobacco
abaca (a banana-like plant)

I N D O N E S I A C U LT I VAT E D L A N D A R E A
A N D A G R I C U LT U R A L P O P U L AT I O N
Period

Land
Total

Cultivate Populati
d
on Total

Agricult
ural

2006

181,157

37,500

221,954

88,674

2007

181,157

40,000

224,670

88,278

2008

181,157

41,000

234,951

90,775

2009

181,157

42,600

237,411

90,176

2010

181,157

42,600

239,871

89,554

300,000
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0

2006
2007
2008
2009
2010

M A L AY S I A C U LT I VAT E D L A N D
A R E A A N D A G R I C U LT U R A L
P O P U L AT I O N
Period

Land
Total

Cultivate
d

Populati
on Total

Agricult
ural

2006

32,855

7,585

26,095

3,687

2007

32,855

7,585

26,566

3,601

2008

32,855

7,585

27,502

3,581

2009

32,855

7,585

27,949

3,495

2010

32,855

7,585

28,401

3,409

250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0

2006
2007
2008

T H A I L A N D C U LT I VAT E D L A N D
A R E A A N D A G R I C U LT U R A L
P O P U L AT I O N
Period

Land
Total

Cultivate Populati
d
on Total

Agricult
ural

2006

51,089

18,900

66,507

29,413

2007

51,089

18,950

66,979

29,098

2008

51,089

18,933

68,268

29,125

2009

51,089

18,995

68,706

28,779

2010

51,089

18,995

69,122

28,420

P H I L I P H I N E S C U LT I VAT E D L A N D
A R E A A N D A G R I C U LT U R A L
P O P U L AT I O N
Period

Land
Total

Cultivate Populati
d
on Total

Agricult
ural

2006

29,817

10,000

87,099

31,263

2007

29,817

10,150

88,718

31,326

2008

29,817

10,300

88,718

31,281

2009

29,817

10,450

91,703

31,274

2010

29,817

10,450

93,261

31,263

INDONESIA TRADE IN
A G R I C U LT U R A L P R O D U C T S
peri
od

Tota
l
expo
rts(
A)

Agri (B/A
cult )%
uran
expo
rts(
B)

Tota
l
imp
orts(
C)

Agri (D/C Bala

cult )%
nce(
ural
B)imp
(D)
orts(
D)

2006 100,
690

14,2
70

14.1
7

61,0
78

5,94
9

5.91

8,32
1

2007 118,
014

17,6
79

14.9
8

92,7
78

8,63
3

7.32

9,04
6

2008 131,
059

27,7
73

21.1
9

119,
169

10,5
50

8.05

17,2
23

2009 120,
000

21,2
34

17.7
0

93,7
86

9,31
0

7.76

11,9
24

M A L A Y S I A T R A D E I N A G R I C U LT U R A L
PRODUCTS
peri
od

Tota
l
expo
rts(
A)

Agri (B/A
cult )%
uran
expo
rts(
B)

Tota
l
imp
orts(
C)

Agri (D/C Bala

cult )%
nce(
ural
B)imp
(D)
orts(
D)

2006 160,
587

12,8
67

8.01

131,
088

7,00
5

5.34

5,86
2

2007 176,
211

17,6
73

10.0
3

146,
982

8,93
2

6.08

8,74
1

2008 199,
516

25,0
05

12.5
3

156,
896

11,7
01

7.46

13,3
04

2009 157,
000

18,4
34

11.7
4

124,
000

10,7
93

8.70

7,64
1

T H A I L A N D T R A D E I N A G R I C U LT U R A L
PRODUCTS
peri
od

Tota
l
expo
rts(
A)

Agri (B/A
cult )%
uran
expo
rts(
B)

Tota
l
imp
orts(
C)

Agri (D/C Bala

cult )%
nce(
ural
B)imp
(D)
orts(
D)

2006 128,
117

15,0
72

11.7
6

126,
010

4,33
1

3.44

10,7
41

2007 152,
098

17,9
04

11.7
7

139,
966

5,16
5

3.69

12,7
39

2008 177,
778

23,7
70

13.3
7

178,
746

7,23
6

4.05

16,5
34

2009 152,
000

17,9
04

11.7
7

139,
966

5,97
8

4.46

14,4
86

PHILIPHINES TRADE IN
A G R I C U LT U R A L P R O D U C T S
peri
od

Tota
l
expo
rts(
A)

Agri (B/A
cult )%
uran
expo
rts(
B)

Tota
l
imp
orts(
C)

Agri (D/C Bala

cult )%
nce(
ural
B)imp
(D)
orts(
D)

2006 47,0
37

2,57
3

5.47

54,0
78

4,34
6

8.04

(1,73
3)

2007 50,4
66

3,08
0

6.10

57,9
96

5,62
1

9.69

(2,54
1)

2008 49,0
78

3.29
3

6.71

60,4
20

6,54
8

10.8
4

(3,25
5

2009 38,4
00

2,59
4

6.76

45,9
00

5,22
9

11.3
9

(2,63
5)

INDONESIA SHARE OF
A G R I C U LT U R E I N G D P
peri
od

Exchan
ge rate

Total
GDP
(A)

GDP
per
capita
(US$)

Agric
ultura
l
produ
ction
(B)

Perce
nt of
GDP
(B/A)
%

Econo
micall
y
active
agricu
ltural
popul
ation

2006

9,159.31 364,59 1,593

7
9

47,425 13.0

44.0

2007

9,141.00 432,92 1,927

0
9

55,145 12.7

43.0

2008

9,698.96 510,22 2,172

0
9

71,706 14.1

2009

10,389.9 539,35 2,272

71,542 13.3

M A L A Y S I A S H A R E O F A G R I C U LT U R E
IN GDP
perio
d

Exch
ange
rate

Total
GDP
(A)

GDP
per
capit
a
(US$
)

Agric
ultur
al
prod
uctio
n (B)

Perce
nt of
GDP
(B/A)
%

Econ
omic
ally
activ
e
agric
ultur
al
popul
ation

2006

3.668

156,4
09

5,990

13,61
4

8.7

15.0

2007

3.437

186,7
20

7,031

13,38
7

7.2

14.0

2008

3.336

222,5

8,093

15,17

6.8

T H A I L A N D S H A R E O F A G R I C U LT U R E
IN GDP
perio
d

Exch
ange
rate

Total
GDP
(A)

GDP
per
capit
a
(US$
)

Agric
ultur
al
prod
uctio
n (B)

Perce
nt of
GDP
(B/A)
%

Econ
omic
ally
activ
e
agric
ultur
al
popul
ation

2006

37.88
2

206,7
03

3,258

25,77
4

12.5

52.0

2007

34.51
8

246,0
53

3,674

32,89
9

13.4

51.0

2008

33.31

272,5

3,993

35,50

13.0

PHILIPHINES SHARE OF
A G R I C U LT U R E I N G D P
perio
d

Exch
ange
rate

Total
GDP
(A)

GDP
per
capit
a
(US$
)

Agric
ultur
al
prod
uctio
n (B)

Perce
nt of
GDP
(B/A)
%

Econ
omic
ally
activ
e
agric
ultur
al
popul
ation

2006

51.31
4

117,5
62

1,363

15,96
8

13.6

36.0

2007

46.14
8

144,0
62

1,624

19,61
8

13,6

35.0

2008

44.32

174,1

1,932

24,34

14.0

BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/encyclo
pedia/agriculture/?
ar_a=1
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture
http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Asia-andthe-Pacific/Malaysia-AGRICULTURE.html
http://ap.fftc.agnet.org/ap_db.php?id=96
http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Asia-andthe-Pacific/Philippines-AGRICULTURE.html