PROJECT TYPES OF BRIDGES

INTRODUCTION TO RDSO

With Independence and the resultant phenomenal

increase in countrys industrial and economic activity
which increased the demand of rail transportation - a
new organisation called Railway Testing and Research
Centre (RTRC) was setup in 1952 at Lucknow.

Central Standards Office (CSO) and the Railway

Testing and Research Centre (RTRC) were integrated
into a single unit named Research Designs and
Standards Organisation (RDSO) in 1957, under
Ministry of Railways at Lucknow.

INTRODUCTION TO BRIDGES

Bridge is a structure built to span a valley, road,

river, body of water, or any other physical
obstacle.

Designs of bridges will vary depending on the

function of the bridge and the nature of the area
where the bridge is to be constructed

FUNCTION OF A BRIDGE

To connect two communities which are

separated by streams, valley, railroads, etc.

COMPONENTS OF A BRIDGE
Deck or Slab: Supported railway/roadway on a bridge.
Beam or Girder: A rigid, usually horizontal structural element.
Bearing: Interface between superstructure substructure
Abutment: The outermost end supports on a bridge, which carry the
load
from the deck.
Pier: A vertical supporting structure, such as a
pillar
Foundation : transfers the load to the soil below.

COMPONENTS OF A BRIDGE
Deck

Girder

Portal

Pier

TYPES OF BRIDGES
Beam Bridge
Truss Bridge
Arch Bridge
Cable Stayed Bridge
Suspension Bridge

BEAM BRIDGE

Beam bridges are the

simplest structural forms
for bridge span supported
by an abutment or pier at
each end.

TRUSS BRIDGE

Atruss bridgeis
abridge whose loadbearingsuperstructur
e is composed of
atruss, a structure of
connected elements
forming triangular
units.

ARCH BRIDGES

Arch bridgeis a
bridge
withabutments at
each end shaped as a
curvedarch. Arch
bridges work by
transferring the
weight of the bridge
and itsloads partially
into a horizontal
thrust.

CABLE STAYED BRIDGES

A cable-stayed
bridge has one or
more towers, from
which cables support the
bridge deck.

MOVABLE BRIDGE

Movable bridge is
abridgethat moves to allow
passage (usually) for boats
or barges.
An advantage of making
bridges moveable is the
lower cost, due to the
absence of high piers
The principal disadvantage
is that the traffic on the
bridge must be halted when
it is opened for passages

SWING BRIDGE

Aswing bridgeis
amovable bridgethat
has as its primary
structural support a
vertical locating pin
and support ring

CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(ACCORDING TO MATERIAL USED)

Timber bridge

Concrete bridge

Stone bridge

R.C.C bridge

Steel bridge

CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES (ACCORDING

TO THE POSITION OF THE BRIDGE FLOOR
RELATIVE TO SUPERSTRUCTURES)

Deck through bridge - A bridge deck or road bed is

the roadway, or the pedestrian walkway, surface of
a bridge , and is one structural element of
the superstructure of a bridge.
Half through or suspension bridge - A suspension
bridge is a type of bridge in which the deck (the loadbearing portion) is hung below suspension cables on
vertical suspenders.

CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(ACCORDING TO FUNCTION)

Aqueduct bridge(canal over a river)

Viaduct(road or railway over a valley or river)

Pedestrian bridge

Highway bridge

Railway bridge

CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGES
(ACCORDING TO LENGTH OF BRIDGE)

Culvert bridge(less than 6 m)

Minor bridge(less than 6 m-60m)

Major bridge(more than 60 m)

Long span bridge(more than 120 m)

Factors To Describe a Bridge

Four main factors are used in describing a
bridge:
Load : (Railway, Highway, Pedestrian)
Span : (simple, continuous, cantilever)
Material: (stone, concrete, metal, etc.)
Form: (beam, arch, truss, etc.).

BRIDGE FAILURE

When a bridge collapses , many lives are put at risk.

Bridge collapse is one of the most dangerous types of
structural failure that can occur.

Causes of Bridge failure

1. Earthquake
2. Fire
3. Boat impact
4. Flood
5. Construction accidents
6. Manufacturing defects
7. Design defects
8. Poor maintenance

THANK
YOU