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Lt Cdr Ong Khye Liat RMN

10 Feb 2010

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Mhe following rules apply :
 Current in any winding should not exceed its nominal current
rating.
 Winding voltage should not exceed its nominal voltage rating.
 Ampere-turns of the both windings are equal.

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 ˜ame mutual flux links both windings.
 If current in winding flows from H1 to H2, the current in other
winding must flow from X2 to X1 and vice versa.
 Mhe voltages add when terminals of opposite polarity are
connected together. Mhe voltages subtract when H1 and X1 are
connected together.

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 Also called potential transformer which used for
metering and protection in high-voltage circuits.

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 Mhey are designed to present negligible
burden to the supply being measured
and to have a precise voltage ratio to
accurately step down high voltages so
that metering and protective relay
equipment can be operated at a lower
potential.
 Mhe nominal secondary voltage is
usually rated for 69 V or 120 V at rated
primary voltage.

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 VM are used to measure or
monitor the transmission lines
and to isolate the metering
equipment from the main lines.
 1 terminal of the secondary
winding is always grounded
and the distributed
capacitance between windings
makes the winding to be
isolated.

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 ˜imilar construction with
conventional transformer but
great insulation between winding
to withstand HV.
 Basic Impulse Insulation (BIL)
expresses the transformer's
ability to withstand lightning and
switching surges.

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 CM is a measurement device designed to provide a
current in its secondary coil proportional to the
current flowing in its primary.
 CM are commonly used in metering and protective
relaying in the electrical power industry where they
facilitate the safe measurement of large currents,
often in the presence of high voltages.

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 Mhe highly accurate current ratio and small
phase angle are achieved by keeping the
exciting current small.
 Mhe CM safely isolates measurement and
control circuitry from the high voltages
typically present on the circuit being
measured. Mhe nominal secondary current is
usually 5A, irrespective of primary current.

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 Mhe insulation between
winding must be great to
withstand the full line-neutral
voltage, including line surges
and one of the secondary
terminal is grounded.

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 Care must be taken that the secondary
winding is not disconnected from its
burden while current flows in the
primary, as this will produce a
dangerously high voltage across the
open secondary and may permanently
affect the accuracy of the transformer.
 For safety reasons, we must first short-
circuit the secondary winding than
remove the component.

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 Mhe primary is a single
conductor that simply passes
through the center or less center
of the ring.
 If the secondary possesses N
turns the transformer ratio is N.
 Mhis transformer is simple and
inexpensive and widely used in
LV and MV indoor installation.

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