MALLEUS

SRI CHUSNIATI
Departement of Vet. Microbiology
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Airlangga University

MALLEUS
INGUS JAHAT
GLANDERS
FARCY
ROTZ

O : Eubacteriales
F : Brucellaceae
G : Malleomyces
Sp : -Malleomyces mallei Malleus
-Malleomyces pseudomallei
= Pseudomonas
pseudomallei
Mellioidosis

Caused

Malleomyces mallei
= Pseudomonas mallei
= Burcholderia mallei
Sources

of infection :

secrete from nostril, excreta

from chronic vulnus, saliva,
tears, urine and feces

Routes

of infection

Oral
Inhalation
Skin wound

The

characterized of the disease :

zoonotic, acute and chronic

Majority host sensitive at horse and equidae
Human : fatal at about + 95% if no handled
Dog, cat, goat moderate sensitive
Sheep, pig, cattle resistant
guinea pig, mice as an animals
experimental

Morphology

Straight bacilli, pleumorphic, aerobic

0,3-0,5 um x 0,7-5 um
Non motile
Negative Gram
Spore & capsule negative
Easy growth at standard medium

Biochemistry

characterized :

Indol, nitrate reduction, MR/VP negative

H2S, NH3, Enzymes of : Catalase, oxidase
and gelatinase positive

Clinical symptoms
Acute performs
Fever,

disphnoe
Discharge from nostril at periodically
Swelling at submaxillaris lymphoglandulae

+ painfull
Cachexia to be died at 2 weeks

Chronic performs
Its

too weak, cough, discharge from

nostril,
intermittent fever
Swelling at submaxillaris lymphoglandulae
Lesion/nodules in internal noose and skin
farcy

Pathology anatomy :
Rhinitis catarrh purulent
High degree infection rupture in septum nasi

star spots
Pulmo & pleura: gray's nest
Cavum thorax : fibrins exudates
Liver, lymph, testis caseous
Swelling at submaxillaris lymphoglandulae specific
Skin : ulcus & nodule as a lymph circulations

to fall off their hairs & cicatrisation

3 kinds of malleus :
Nose of malleus
Lung of malleus
can be represented together
Skin of malleus

Nose of malleus :

Nodules at septum nasi obstruction on cavum nasi

broke out mucopurulent secrete and ulcers.
Swelling at submaksilaris lymphoglandulae
If recovery Cicatrisation on skin substances with star
perform

Lung of malleus :

Majority by adverse of nose malleus infection

Nodules consist of pus & poly morfo nuclear (PMN) cell at
the outer rings
Chronic Skin substances damage and than they would
be substitute with cicatrix skin substance TBC like
perform

Skin of malleus :
Series Nodules perform at surface of lymph node
circulation
(systemic infection by lymph node circulations).
Broke out perform ulcus/ulcera with pus excreta

Pathogeneses:
Inhalation

rhinitis catharalis rhinitis

purulenta eruption at mucous of nose.
Proteolysis enzyme presented (bacteria)
mucous irritation discharge nasal &
ulcera. Ulcera sica keropeng (outer
skin fall out) & cicatrisation perform
cicatrisation with star perform/stella
distribute to be nasopharynx tract cough.
Bacteria in bronchus ulcer exudates
auscultation examinations sounds of
ronchi

 Oral

digestives tract.

Proteolytic enzyme mucous irritation ulcera

bacteria distributed after insertion from blood
circulation lymph node circulation
predilection (lung & septum nasi). The bacteria
avilable at discharge of nose, pus from the part
of swelling body, saliva, tear of eyes, feces and
urine.
From

skin vulnus (temporary) hematogen

lymph node circulation nodules series at
outer surface of lymph node circulation broke
out ulcus & pus excreta, if the vulnus skin to
be dried would be produced keropeng.

Diagnosis :
Clinical symptom
Mallein test

Ophthalmic mallein test

2-3 drops of mallein saccus conjunctiva
R/ + conjunctivitis purulent after 1-2 days.

Intra dermal test

0,1 cc mallein id measuring the thick of skin
before injection and 12 hours after injection
if > 60% +
< 60% -

If

the test have a negative result re-test in

after 2-3 weeks from the first
R/ + + malleus please to be killed
- free from malleus

-Isolation and identification

To be isolation from lesion & will be growth up
on
- Glycerin agar
- Glycerin potato
adverse examination by
biochemistry test

-Biologist test
- intra peritoneal
administrated against to
guinea pig/ male mice
orchitis

-Serologist test

Handling material
(going to be laboratories) :
infected animal (ante mortem) : serum serologist

Swab by sterile cotton of nasal discharge

(pus) bacteriologist test
infected animal (post mortem) : Swelling organ
substances (cavum nasi, lung, testicle, liver):
- Still make it fresh
- Growth up on Glycerin agar
- Test by male guinea pig after injected intra
peritoneal

DD/.
Nasal discharge
Strangles = Ingus tenang = Adenitis equorum
= Droes
c/ Streptococcus equi (Gram +) acute
Curve of fever was specific illustrated :
Initial of action at performing abscess on lymph
node The peak of body temperature was
presented
The broke out abscess (spontaneous /chirurgic)
declined body temperature gradual recovery

Nodules and skin ulcers

Epizootic lymphangitis / selakarang
Histoplasma farciminosa (fungi)

Ulceratif lymphangitis

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Melioidosis Pseudomonas pseudomallei

distributed the biggest nodules (bungkul
bungkul)

Dourine Trypanosoma equiperdum

Dollar spot predilection at mucose membrane

Swelling lymph node

Tbc
Neoplasma

Therapeutics :
Its too difficult, because :

Predilection at septum nasi

The recovery process was to long
term processed, with fatal
implication
Verry contagious
No vaccination