AP STATISTICS B

review
7 MAY 2014

Teddy Li

UNIT 5 CHAPTER 18-22

reject the null hypothesis
fail to reject the null hypothesis

If Alpha is low and Power is low, more possibility for Type II Error

SAMPLE MEANS: Quantitative Variable

SAMPLE PROPORTIONS: Categorical Variable

UNIT 5 CHAPTER 18-22, CONT.

The power of a test concerns itself with the ability to detect an alternative
hypothesis.
When choosing a significance level alpha, youre setting the probability of a
Type I error to alpha.
Z Test Statistic:
Always draw a picture!
Var(X-Y) = Var(X) + Var(Y)
SD2 = Var

UNIT 5 CHAPTER 18-22, CONT.

Parameter: true proportion of a population
Statistic: sample proportion
Central Limit Theorem: If the assumptions of SRS, 10% Condition,
Success/Fail and Independence are true, the data is approximately normal
and you can use the normal model.
Mean & SD for Sample Proportion:
Mean & SD for Sample Mean:
Mean:

UNIT 6 CHAPTER 23-25

Narrow confidence interval results from a larger sample size.
t test

SRS, 10% Condition, Nearly Normal (Draw Histogram)

Estimate Average number:

UNIT 6 CHAPTER 23-25, CONT.

Hypothesis

Chapter 23: One Sample T (means)

write a statement

Assumptions

Test an
appropriate
hypothesis

1.
2.
3.

SRS
10% Condition for mean
Nearly Normal check histogram

Chapter 24: Two Sample T (difference in means)

write a statement

1.
2.
3.
4.

SRS
10% Condition for both means
Independent Groups/Independence
CLT (Central Limit Theorem)

Chapter 25: Paired T Test

write a statement
1.
2.
3.
4.

SRS
10% Condition of sample
Paired Data Assumption
Nearly Normal check histogram

Reminder

Conclusion

Sample Size
Estimate

Confidence
Interval

At this alpha level, there [is/is not] enough

evidence that the mean is equal to the null

Use the same S and ME (given in problem)

At the alpha level, there [is/is not] enough evidence of

a significant difference in [topic]
none

USE THE CALCULATOR TO FIND df

At this alpha level, there [is/is not] enough evidence

that the before/after are the same
none

USE THE CALCULATOR TO FIND df

UNIT 7 CHAPTER 26-27

Goodness of Fit: determine how close the observed values fit the null; diff
between observed and expected
Homogeneity: compare distribution of counts for 2+ groups of SAME
categorical variable; distributions are same
Independence: test whether two DIFF categorical variables are independent;
populations are independent

UNIT 7 CHAPTER 26-27, CONT.

If you reject the null, RESIDUALS
Straight Enough Condition (scatterplot), Randomization Condition, Equal
Variance Condition (no pattern in residuals), Nearly Normal
Degrees of freedom: n-2

CI

UNIT 7 CHAPTER 26-27, CONT.

Example
Variable

Coeff

SE(Coeff)

t-ratio

P-Value

Intercept

-42.734

2.717

-15.7

<.0001

Waist

1.70

.0743

22.9

<.0001

T test:
1.55 1.85