Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A.
Tipe
Fast moving vehicle
ii. Slow moving vehicle
Dimensi penting untuk design geometrik jalan
Turning Radius
i. Low speed turn kurang dari 16 km/jam
tergantung pada jejak roda dan sudut
perputaran.
ii. High speed turn tergantung pada
superelevasi dan side friction
i.
B.
C.
Gambar 1. Turning
Radius Kendaraan
Penumpang
Gambar 2. Turning
Radius dari Truk
v
R
127 e f
R
v
e
f
Height of Vehicle
Weight of Vehicle
Turning Radius of Vehicle
Speed of Vehicle
Power of Vehicle
Acceleration characteristics
Braking characteristics
Head lights of Vehicle
Affecting Elements
Lane width, width of shoulders, width of
parking lots.
Horizontal alignment, minimum turning
radius, extra widening on curves, passing
sight distance, road capacity, parking
facilities.
Clearance to be provided under bridges,
subways, electric service lines, etc.
Pavement thicness, rolling and limiting
gradients, design of road bridges.
Parking manouvers, curves, intersection
design, channelisation driveways, etc.
Horizontal
and
vertical
alignment,
superelevation, limiting radius, sight
distance, lane capacity,
intersection
design, skid resistance.
Rolling and limiting gradient, speed of
vehicle in conjunction with various
resistance, braking resistance.
Time required to cross intersection,
passing a vehicle, gap acceptance.
Stopping
distance,
overtaking
sight
distance, traffic capacity.
Night operation, night accidents.
Particulars
Maximum limits
1.
Width
2.6 m
8.5 ft
2.
Height
4.1 m
13.5 ft
3.
Length :
Single unit truck
Bus
Truck tractor and semi trailer
Other combination
12.2 m
12.2 m
16.75 m
19.8 m
40 ft
40 ft
55 ft
65 ft
4.
Axle load :
Single
Tandem
9.1 m.t
15.4 m.t
10 t
17 t
5.
13.6 m.t
13.4-20 m.t
19.0-22.7 m.t
22.7-31.8 m.t
32.4-38.1 m.t
37.6-40.8 m.t
15 t
17-22 t
21-25 t
25-35 t
35.8-42 t
41.5-45 t
Front
Overhan
g
Rear
Overhan
g
Overall
Length
Widt
h
Height
11
19
SU
20
30
8.5
13.5
BUS
25
40
8.5
13.5
Semi Trailer
Combination
(Intermediate)
WB-40
40
50
8.5
13.5
Semi Trailer
Combination
(large)
WB-50
50
55
8.5
13.5
WB-60
60
65
8.5
13.5
Design Vehicle
Type
Passenger Car
Single Unit Truck
Single Unit Bus
Symbo
l
Type of AASHTO
Vehicle
24 ft
7.32 m
15.3 ft
4.67 m
SU
42 ft
12.8 m
28.4 ft
8.66 m
BUS
42 ft
12.8 m
20.3 ft
6.19 m
WB-40
40 ft
12.2 m
19.9 ft
6.06 m
WB-50
45 ft
13.72 m
19.8 ft
6.03 m
WB-60
45 ft
13.72 m
22.5 ft
6.86 m
Cement concrete
Bituminous concrete
Untreated gravel
Loose gravel
Soft wet ground
19
20
27
50
120
Rumus :
Ra
K
A
v
Ra K A v
= air resistance
= konstanta = 0.0017
= frontal area of vehicle
= velocity of vehicle
Power Requirement
Penting untuk peningkatan kecepatan dan di daerah
tanjakan.
Total horse power req = HP Rr + HP Ra + HP Rg
Total HP
VW Rr 20G 0.0017 AV 3
HP
375
W
V
Rr
A
G
B.
Breaking Ability
Jarak yang dibutuhkan untuk berhentinya
kendaraan tergantung pada :
Berat Kendaraan
Tingkat Pengereman
V2
Db
2 g f tan
Db
g
f
v
tan
= breaking distance
= acceleration terhadap gravitasi
= koefisien friksi
= speed
= slope of gradien (G) + .. , ..
C.
Karakteristik Percepatan
Data percepatan digunakan untuk
menentukan karakteristik kendaraan pada
situasi :
Melintasi persimpangan
Jarak yang dibutuhkan untuk menyiap
Jarak aman, dan sebagainya
V
VO
a
t
S
= final speed
= initial speed
= acceleration
= time
= distance travelled
dV
dt
1 e t VO e t
VO
t
t
t
1
e
2
V
1
log
VO
, = konstan
HP (rolling) =
Rr W 1.47V
Rr 20 bit.con.
550
HP (air)
0
.
0017
AV
xVx
1
.
47
=
550
1.47 x50
14.2
=0.0017 x 25 x50 x
550
2
HP
(gradien)
50 x1.47
20 G Wx
G 2%
550
3000 50 x1.47
x
7.16
= 20 x 2 x
2240
550
Total HP = 3.58 + 14.2 + 7.16 = 24.94
dv
1.22 0.015 V v m / sec
dt
t sec
3.
a.
dV
0 1.22 0.015V
dt
1.22
V
81.33m/sec (292km/hr)
0.015
dV
V0 e t
dt
Vo 50km/jam
50 *1000
13.89m/sec
3600
dV
1.22 0.015 *13.89 e 0.015*3 0.967m/sec 2 3.48km/hr/sec
dt
d. V=120km/hr=120/3.6=33.33m/sec
1
V
t log
V0