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IN TRACTION
Purposes of traction
Principles of traction
Observations to be made in
caring for Patient in Traction
1. Patient is free from the following:
Impaired circulation of the extremities
Respiratory distress
Condition of the skin with emphasis on
the ischial, sacral, popliteal, achilles
tendon, dorsum of foot, heel.
Deformity like footdrop contracture of
joint.
Signs of infection
4. Provisions of exercises
ROM exercise of all unaffected joints
Static quadriceps exercises
Deep breathing and coughing exercises
Flexion and extension of the toes,
fingers in traction
a. Bryant traction
d. Dunlop traction:
indication: supracondylar fracture, humerus
specific observations
position level bed, tilted laterally
checks sign of impaired circulation
check radial pulse of fingers
check signs of irritation blisters and purulent
f. Pelvic traction
Indication: affections of the lumbar spine
such as H.N.P, low back syndrome
Specific Observations
Position level bed in slight trendelenburgh
Check for signs of irritation along the lumbo-
sacral region
Pelvic strap must not be applied directly to the
skin, provide padding material before applying
strap
Check for free movement of the lower extremity
hammock suspension
It is applied including the lumbar spine and mid-thigh
Check for signs of intraabdominal injury, urinary and
bowel disturbance
Check for irritations on edges of the hammock
suspension
h.Skeletal traction
Indications:
for immobilization
to prevent and correct deformity
to maintain good body alignment
to support
to reduce pain and muscle spasm
to reduce fracture and dislocation
Nursing Care
check the efficiency of traction by applying the
principle of traction
giving diversional therapy
increase caloric diet, increase protein intake
encourage immobilization
encourage fluid intake to prevent urinary
complication
personal hygiene
maintain stability of traction
avoid infection
deep breathing and coughing exercise
observe for circulatory impairments
Crutchfield tongs
Crutchfield Traction
Specific Observation
Observe signs of respiratory distress
Observe alignment of traction
Regular check-up for signs of loosening of the
Precautions:
Head halter traction must be ready at the bedside
Traction must not be released at anytime
Turning the patient as unit by the turning team
3 . Halo femoral
Halo pelvic traction
indication scoliosis, kyphosis
Halo-pelvic traction
APPLICATION OF
TRACTION
1. Verify Doctor s order discuss the
importance of the procedure
2. Inform the patient about the need and
purpose of the procedure
3. Preparation
Identify the different parts of the orthopaedic bed
Assemble the needed equipments:
Thomas splint & Pearson Attachment
Lateral side
Upper potion
Medial side (lower portion)
Medial upright
REMOVAL OF TRACTION
1.Apply rest splint
2.Hang suspension weight on the first (1st) pulley
3.Complete removal of suspension weightremove the knot on the Pearson and Thomas
4.Manual traction on the Steinman pin holder,
remove the traction weight on the third (3rd)
pulley, secure the traction rope on the rest
splint another on the Thomas and Pearson
attachment.
shoulder
Dunlop Traction
Skin
Use: supracondylar Fracture humerus
Pelvic traction
Skin (non-adhesive type)
Use: low back pain
Cotrel
Skin (combination of head halter & Pelvic
Traction)
Use: scoliosis
Bryant Traction
Skin (adhesive type)
Use: Femur Fracture, congenital hp
Bucks Extension
Skin (adhesive type)
Use : Injuries to the hip and femur knee
Russell Traction
Skin (adhesive Type)
Use: injuries to the hip and femur knee
Boot
leg traction
fracture of hip and or
femur
Post poliomyelitis with
residual paralysis
Stove in chest
For multiple rib fracture
Stove in chest
HAMMOCK SUSPENSION
pelvic affection
TRACTIONS AND
INDICATIONS
Balkan frame:
4 vertical bars
2 horizontal bars
1 diagonal bar
1 straight bar or cross bar
Pulleys
(3)
Clamps to hold bars in
place
Overhead trapeze
Traction equipments:
Thomas splint with Pearson attachment
Rest splint
Cord sash (3)
Short-thigh
Long-traction
Longest suspension
Safety
pins
Clips
Foot
rest
Slings (2 sizes)
Weights and bags- Suspension
weight is lighter than the
weight of the traction
THANK YOU
MELCHOR FELIPE Q. SALVOSA, R.N., M.A.N.