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CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLID
PARTICLES
SIZE
SHAPE
DENSITY
SPHERICITY,
Nominal diameter
Equivalent diameter,
Let
Sphericity
1.0
0.81
0.87
0.84
0.9
0.6 to 0.8
0.2
Screening
Sedimentation and elutriation Permeability method Instrumental Particle size analyzers :
Electronic particle counter Coulter
Counter, Laser diffraction analysers,
Xray or photo sedimentometers,
dynamic light scattering techniques
9
Screening
Number = Number of opening per
Mesh
linear inch
10
Ratio
of aperture of two consecutive
11
,
Mass fraction,
Cumulative mass fraction ,
Cumulative mass fraction bigger than a
particle size
Cumulative mass fraction smaller than a
particle size
12
13
Sl.Sl. Mes
MesScreen
Screen Mass
Mass
No.No.h h Opening
Openingretained
retained
onon
No.No.
a screen
a screen
DpiD(cm)
(cm)
pi
mi m
(gm)
i (gm)
1
2
Mass
Fraction
= mi/M
Average
particle
diameter
Cumulati
,
Cumulative ve
Fraction
fraction
Larger than Smaller
than
1.00
1.00
1
2
3
---------
Pan
Pan
1.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
14
15
[]
16
[]
17
18
19
Number of particles
Shape Factor a
Number of particles per unit mass
20
Sl. No.
Mesh No.
Screen
Opening
Dpi (cm)
4
4
6
6
8
8
10
10
14
14
20
20
28
28
35
35
48
48
65
65
100
100
150
150
200
200
Mass
Mass
retained on Fraction
a screen
= mi/M
mi (gm)
0
0
25
25
125
125
325
325
250
250
160
160
50
50
20
20
10
10
8
8
6
6
4
4
3
3
Average
particle
diameter
,
Cumulativ
e fraction
Cumulat
ive
Fraction
Larger
than
Smaller
than,
21
Pourabilityis
defined
as
a
measure of the time required for a
standard quality of material to flow
through a funnel of specified
dimension. It characterizes the
handling properties of fine particles
22
24
STORAGE OF SOLIDS
BULK STORAGE
Coarse large quantity solids like gravel and
coal outside in large piles.
Protection from
BIN STORAGE Silos tall and small diameter
Bins fairly wide and Not tall
Hoppers Small vessel with sloping bottom,
generally temporary storage before feeding
solids to a process.
25
26
Types of Bins
Conical
Pyramidal
29
31
32
33
34
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