Professional Documents
Culture Documents
:References
: .1
.
2. Introduction to Marine Engineering.
D. A. Taylor.
:Thermodynamics
The T-S Diagram:
T
K
Super
Heat
Wet Mixture
Liquid
kJ/kg K
Carnot Cycle:
Is the most efficient
cycle for given
temperatures of
source and sink.
:Rankine Cycle
4-1 Boiler
2-3 Condenser
1-2 Turbine
3-4 Pump
:Efficiency
Rankine Efficiency=
Boilers:
:Boiler Types
1. Water-tube:
High pressure
High temperature
High capacity steam applications.
e.g.
Steam for main propulsion turbine
Cargo pump turbines.
:Water-tube boilers
Foster Wheeler DType Boiler
Due to its D shape.
:Water-tube boilers
1st S/H
2nd S/H
:Water-tube boilers
:Water-tube boilers
:Fire-tube Boilers
1. Package boiler
Package boiler
:Fire-tube Boilers
2. Cochran boiler
:Fire-tube Boilers
:Composite boilers. 3
Permits steam generation either by oil
firing when necessary or by using the
engine exhaust gases when the ship is
at sea.
Steam-to-steam generators.
Double evaporation boilers
Exhaust gas exchangers
Auxiliary steam plant system
Exhaust gas boilers
Safety valves.
Main steam stop valve.
Auxiliary steam stop valve.
Feed check or control valve.
Water level gauge.
Pressure gauge connection.
Air release cock.
Sampling connection
Blow down valve.
Scum valve.
Whistle stop valve.
:Safety valves
:Safety valves
:Safety valves
Soot blower
:Combustion
Air supply.
Forced draught [fans]
:Fuel burning
:Fuel burning
:Fuel burning
:Boiler operation
:Boiler operation
Preparation:
5. The boiler should be filled to slightly below the
working level with hot de-aerated water.
6. The various header vents should be closed as water
is seen to flow from them.
7. The economizer should be checked to ensure that it
is full of water and all air vented off.
8. Forced draught fan should be operated.
9. Valves of the fuel oil system should be checked for
correct positioning.etc.
10. Circulation and heating of fuel.
:Raising steam
Start the draught fan for 5 min.
Turn the burner on.
Adjust the fuel pressure to ensure
complete-steady combustion.
Close the super-heater header vents once
steam issues from them.