Mikroba Penyebab Infeksi

Akut dan Khronis

Setio Harsono
Dept / SMF Mikrobiologi Klinik
FK Unair / RSUD.Dr.Soetomo

I. MIKROBA PENYEBAB INFEKSI AKUT

No.
1.

Bakteri

Penyakit

Coccus Gram Positif :

* Staphylococcus:

- S.aureus
(MRSA,VISA,VRSA)
Osteomyelitis
- S.epidermidis
oportunis
- S.saprophyticus

- Abscess

Cellulitis
- Infeksi
- ISK

Scalded skin syndrome

Osteomyelitis

Staphylococcal cellulitis

Staphylococcal cellulitis

Staphylococcal wound infection

Diabetic Gangrene

Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis

Brain abscess

Cerebral abcess

Necrotic Infection Tumor Mammae

InfectedTumor Mammae

* Streptococcus:
- S.pyogenes

- Pharyngitis
- Tonsilitis
- Necrotizing fasciitis
- S.viridans
- SBE
- S.agalactiae
- Meningitis
- S.faecalis =
- Infeksi oportunis
( Enterococcus faecalis ) Vancomycin
Resistant Enterococcus = VRE

S.pyogenes infection (flesh eating bacteria)

Necrotizing fasciitis

Necrotizing fasciitis

Streptococcal Endocarditis

Mitral Endocarditis

2.

Coccus Gram Negatif :

* Neisseria:
- N.gonnorhoeae
- N.meningitidis

- Gonorrhoe
- Meningitis
- Vasculitis

Gonoblenorrhoeae (Opthalmia neonatorum)

 Meningococcemia vasculitis

Meningococcemia vasculitis

3.

Batang Gram Positif

* Listeria:
- L.monocytogenes

- Granulomatosis
infantiseptica

* Corynebacterium:
- C.diphtheriae

- Diphtheri

* Sporeforming aerobe:
* Bacillus:
- B.anthracis

- Anthrax

Diphtheri (Pseudomembran)

Bacillus anthracis

* Sporeforming anaerobe:
* Clostridium:
- C.tetani
- C.perfringens
- C.dificille

- C.botulinum

- Tetanus
- Myonecrosis
- Pseudo
membranous
colitis
- Food
poisoning

Myonecrosis

Tetanus

Clostridial gasgangrene

Clostridium dificille pseudomembranous colitis

4.

Batang Gram Negatif :

* Haemophilus:
- H.influenzae
- H.ducreyi
* Bordetella:
- B.pertusis

- Bronchitis
- Pneumonia
- Ulcus molle

- Pertusis

Pertusis

* Enterobacteriaceae:
- Salmonella:
-S.typhi
-S.paratyphi
- Shigella:
-S.dysenteriae
-S.boydii
-S.sonei
-S.flexneri

- Typhoid fever
- Paratyphoid
fever
- Dysenteri
- Dysenteri
- Dysenteri
- Dysenteri

- Klebsiella:
-K.pneumoniae (ESBL), (KPC) - Pneumonia
- Escherichia:
-E.coli (ESBL)
- Gastroenteritis, ISK,
Sepsis
- Acinetobacter:
-Acinetobacter baumannii
- Pneumonia
( VAP )
(MDRO)
- Sepsis
- Yersinia:
-Y.enterocolitica
- Enterocolitis
-Y.pestis
- Plaque
* Vibrio :
-V.cholerae
-V.parahaemolyticus

- Cholera
- Gastroenteritis

Acute Bacterial Nephritis

Acute Cystitis

* Pseudomonas:
- P.aeruginosa (MDRO)
Septicemia

- ISK
- Burn

infection
* Helicobacter:
- H.pylori
* Campylobacter:
- C.jejuni

- Enteritis

* Francisella:
- F.tularensis

- Tularemia

- Gastritis

Burn infection

Pseudomonas Infection

Pseudomonas infection

* Brucella:
- B.melitensis
* Pasteurella:
- P.multocida

- Brucellosis

- Septicemia
- Meningitis

* Nonsporeforming anaerobe:
- Bacteroides:
-B.fragilis
- Peritonitis

Brucella Endocarditis

Animal Bite

Animal Bite

5.

Batang Gram Variable :

* Legionella:
- L.pneumophila

- Pneumonia

* Gardnerella:
- G.vaginalis

- Vaginosis

6. Non Gram Stain ( Pewarnaan khusus) :

* Chlamydia :
- C.psittaci
- C.trachomatis

Giemsa stain
- Pneumonia
- Trachoma
- LGV

* Mycoplasma :
Giemsa stain
- M.pneumoniae
- Pneumonia
- Ureaplasma urealyticum - ISK

* Rickettsia :
- R.prowazekii
- R.rickettsii

Immunoflourescens
staining.
- Epidemic typhus
- Rocky Mountain
Spotted fever

* Spirochaeta :
Silver
impregnation
- Leptospira :
bentuk Spiral
-L.icterohaemorrhagiae
- Weils
(L.interrogans)
disease

II. MIKROBA PENYEBAB INFEKSI KHRONIS

No.
1.

Bakteri

Penyakit

Acid Fast Stain :

* Mycobacterium :
- M.tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
- M.leprae
- Lepra
Partial Acid Fast Stain :
* Nocardia :
bentuk
Branching
-N.asteroides
Nocardiasis

Spondylitis tuberculosa

Gibbus (Spondylitis Tuberculosis)

2.

Spirochaeta :
* Treponema :
- T.pallidum

3.

Silver impregnation
bentuk Spiral
- Syphilis

Gram Positif Anaerobe :

* Actinomycetes:

- A.israelii

GMS staining
bentuk Branching
- Actinomycosis

Actinomyces sulfur granules

Oral-Maxillo Infection

Wound Infection

 Surgical wound infection

 Wound infection

Post-surgical infection

Ulcus decubitus (Nosocomial infection)