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Since 1900, CVD has been the No. 1 killer in the United States
every year but 1918.
Nearly 2,600 Americans die of CVD each day, an average of 1
death every 33 seconds.
CVD claims more lives each year than the next 5 leading causes of
death combined, which are cancer, chronic lower respiratory
diseases, accidents, diabetes mellitus, influenza and pneumonia.
Almost 150,000 Americans killed by CVD each year are under age
65.
None
Signs &
Symptoms
Shortness
Of Breath
Heart
Attack
can, and
does, occur in almost any artery in the
body. But in the heart its effects can be
crucial. The body depends on a strong
pumping heart to circulate life-giving
blood, and this includes to the heart
muscle itself. If the coronary arteries
become blocked, the cardiac muscle
begins to fail, and so the blood circulation
decreases, which includes the circulation
to the heart muscle itself. (Thibodeau,
494)
Risk Factors
Uncontrollable
Sex
Hereditary
Controllable
High blood
pressure
Race
High blood
cholesterol
Age
Smoking
Physical activity
Obesity
Diabetes
Stress and anger
su
pp
ly
sp
ec
i fi
c
show s
Coronary
Angiography
g in
Narrow in
coronaries
Stress
Test
to
he
ar t
es
s
l
pu
im
blo
od
Electrocardiogram
me
asu
res
of
es
Sit
ele ctrical
me
as
ur
es
Treatment (continued)
1) Stenting
a stent is introduced into a blood vessel on a balloon
catheter and advanced into the blocked area of the artery
the balloon is then inflated and causes the stent to expand
until it fits the inner wall of the vessel, conforming to
contours as needed
the balloon is then deflated and drawn back
The stent stays in place permanently, holding the vessel
open and improving the flow of blood.
Treatment
(continued)
2) Angioplasty
a balloon catheter is passed through the guiding catheter to the
area near the narrowing. A guide wire inside the balloon catheter is
then advanced through the artery until the tip is beyond the
narrowing.
the angioplasty catheter is moved over the guide wire until the
balloon is within the narrowed segment.
balloon is inflated, compressing the plaque against the artery wall
once plaque has been compressed and the artery has been
sufficiently opened, the balloon catheter will be deflated and
removed.
Treatment (continued)
3) Bypass surgery
healthy blood vessel is removed from leg, arm or chest
blood vessel is used to create new blood flow path in your heart
the bypass graft enables blood to reach your heart by flowing
around (bypassing)
the blocked portion
of the diseased
artery. The increased
blood flow reduces
angina and the risk
of heart attack.
Citations
1.
2.
Clark, John A Visual Guide to the Human Body Barnes & Noble Books, 2001
3.
4.
5.
American Heart Association, Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics, 2003 Update
6.
www.Guidant.com
7.
www.Webmd.com
8.
www.Spotlighthealth.com
9.
Mayoclinic.com
10. Americanheart.org
11. Azheart.com
Mungkin
* Pil KB
* Diet Tinggi lemak
* Obesitas
* Tipe Kepribadian A
* Kurang aktifitas fisik (olahraga)
PENYAKIT
Pasti
* Hipertensi
* HMT >>
* Diabetes Mellitus
* Kadar Fibrinogen >>
* Hiperkholesterolemia
Mungkin
* Asam Urat >>
* Hypothyroidisme
HIPERTENSI DI INDONESIA
Tidak tahu bahwa menderita hipertensi
Tahu menderita, tapi tidak diobati
Tahu menderita, diobati, tapi tidak teratur, dan
tensi tidak terkendali
Tahu menderita, diobati, teratur, dan tensi
terkendali (5%)
Prevalensi 10%-15% (usia >35 tahun)
Yang berpotensi untuk mendapatkan serangan
stroke;
95% x 10% x 125 juta (usia >35 tahun) =
11.875.000 orang
FaktorRisiko
& Prevensi primer dari serangan
jantung koroner
Bisa dicegah
Hipertensi (4-5x)
Riwayat Keluarga
Merokok (2-3x)
FR
R/
Sembuh
Sehat
Serangan jantung
koroner
Outcome
Cacat
Mati
Pathofisiologi
D/
P/
Indonesia
Taqwa
Pasrah
pd Allah
Ikhlas
Innaddina inda llahi l-islam
(Al Imron, 19)
Menjalankan
segala perintah dan meng
hentikan segala
larangan
Allah SWT
Hadits 1,
Hadits 2,
Merokok
Merusak Kesehatan
Pemborosan
Fatwa MUI ?
Makruh
Haram ?
Pengendalian Hipertensi
Makan secukupnya
Al Araaf, 31
Olahraga
Al Anfaal, 60
Puasa, Zikrullah
Al Baqarah, 183-184,
Ar Rad, 28, Hadits
Kontrol teratur
Al Israa, ayat 82
Dan kami turunkan dari Al
Quran sesuatu yang
menjadi penyembuh dan
rahmat bagi orang-orang
yamg beriman