Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NUTRTION
-INTRODUCTION-
What is Nutrition?
- Nutrition is the intake of nutrients by living organisms
- The unit used to measure the energy contained in food is
calorie (kJ)
- The calorific value of food is the total energy released from
food when it is oxidized completely in body
The table shows that the food have different calorific
value
Class of food
Carbohydrates
17.2
Proteins
22.2
Fats
38.5
KEN
C
I
CH
D
E
FRI 110 KJ)
(
IT
F R U J)
K
(54
F
BEE J)
K
(154
EGG )
KJ
0
0
(1
CALORFIC VALUE
RICE
(205
KJ)
T EA
(43 K
J)
CLASSES OF FOOD
CARBOHYDRATE
PROTEIN
CLASSES OF FOOD
WATER
FATS
VITAMINS/MINERALS
FIBRE
CARBOHYDRATES
- Carbohydrates is the main source of energy
- Examples that food that rich in carbohydrates
is:1. Rice
2. Beef
Food that have major calories in carbohydrates
3. Bread
Carbohydrates shown
right contains starch
that needs to keeps on
control in intake
FATS
- Fats acts as a heat insulator and protects internal organs
- Food that rich in fats:(a) Chocalate
(b)Pizza
(c)Cheese
VITAMINS/MINERALS
- Vitamins helps a person to maintain our health
- Food rich in vitamins
(a)Vitamin A Carrots
(b)Vitamin B-Tablets,
tempe
PROTEIN
- Protein builds new cells for growth and replace damage cells
- Examples food rich on protein
(a) Fish
(b) Grain
(c) Assorted beans
FUN FACTS
Protein makes a
person to grow in
height.
FUN FACTS
-FIBRE- Fibre helps the movement of food through digestive tract (to
avoid constipation)
-Food that rich on roughage:(a)Fruits
(b)Vegetables
(c)Nuts
(e)Barly
AGE
- Infants, children and teenagers need more calories than the
old people
- This is because they are still growing and needs more energy
to undergo the process
- Old people need less energy ; because they are less active
-Less(old
people)
-More(teenagers)
SEX
Generally, males need more calories than female
BODY SIZE
- An individual with big body size need more calories
than smaller sized individual because:(a) There are no weight to support
(b) There are more cell to feed
PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
- A physically active worker such as farmer or a laborer
requires more calories than an office worker.
- This is because a lot of energy is used up for muscular
contraction
CONDITION OF HEALTH
- A healthy person generally requires more calories
than one who is sick.
- This is because is sick person is generally less active
or be bedridden
SURROUNDING TEMPERATURE
- A person who is in a cold surroundings needs more calories
than ones who is in a warm place
- This is because in a cold surroundings, more energy is lost
from our body to the surroundings; therefore more calories will
be needed to maintain a constant body temperature
Need more
(cold
surroundings)
Need less
(warm
surroundings)
OBESITY
ANOREXIA
NERVOSA
MALNUTRITION
- A person is suffering from malnutrition if his diet contains
insufficient or an excess amount of certain nutrients
- Malnutrition can lead to many types of health problems, list
of problem will be shown on the next slide.
High blood
pressure
Scurvy
Kwashiorkor
Diabetes
Rickets
Gout
MALNUTRITION
Disease/health
disorder
Cause
Symptoms
Can be prevent
with:-
-exercise
-eat less food
contain fat
Diabetes
-excessive intake of
sugar
-presence of sugar
on urine
Scurvy
-lack of vitamin c
-bleeding gums
Kwashiorkor
-lack of protein
-diarrhoea
-accumulation fluid
Consume more
seafood's
Rickets
-lack of vitamin d
-soft bones
- Bow leggedness
Gout
-excessive protein
-pain in joints
-disposition uric acid
-Reduce taking
protein foods
Night blindness
-lack of vitamin A
-eat liver,egg,carrots
more often
OBESITY
- A person is said to be overeating when he takes in more
than what his body needs
- The extra calories will be stored in the form of fats under the
skin and around organs
THIS SHOULD
- This can lead to obesity.
BE
PREVENTED
BY REGULAR
EXERCISE
-HEART ATTACK
-DIABETES
-HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
FUN FACTS
-Death can occur due to
extreme starvation.
- It usually needs
counseling to treat it.
Consequences
- Diabetes
- Gastric ulcers
- Indigestion
ONCE YOU
TAKING
NUTRITION
BASED ON
FOOD
PYRAMID,YOUR
DAILY INTAKE
NUTRIENT IS
BALNCED AND
HEALTHY